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Showing 1 to 20 of 96 for “"cell polarity"”.
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Cell polarity under extreme morphological conditions
Cell polarity is an important phenomenon in a multitude of cellular and developmental processes. The cellular contexts that polarity occurs in include a wide array of morphological properties such as size, shape, and growth. An important, conserved system of cell polarity depends on the …
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Cell Polarity Regulates Organ Growth Through The Hippo Pathway
<p>Defects in apical-basal cell polarity and abnormal expression of cell polarity determinants are linked to human cancer. Loss of polarity is highly correlated with malignancy. In <em>Drosophila</em>, perturbation of apical-basal polarity, including overexpressing the apical determinant Crumbs, …
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Lipid rafts in protein sorting and yeast cell polarity
… of biosynthetic material destined for the cell surface or secretion is the trans Golgi Network, TGN. This organelle sorts proteins and lipids into vesicular transport carriers that are targeted via different pathways to distinct membrane compartments of the cell. The molecular principles …
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The Role of Tissue Cell Polarity in Monocot Development
… OF PINFORMED 1 (SoPIN1), gene expression, and cell division and shape analyses. Synthetic biology was also used to generate a set of transgenic tools for future testing of the models. I found that a developmental switch in shape during early grass leaf development may arise through alterations …
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Cell Polarity Establishment in the Budding Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae
<p>Establishing an axis of cell polarity is central to cell motility, tissue morphogenesis, and cell proliferation. A highly conserved group of polarity regulators is responsible for organizing a wide variety of polarized morphologies. One of the most widely expressed polarity regulators is the …
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Quantitative super-resolution imaging of cell polarity proteins using DNA-PAINT
… of microns away from the coverslip, for which cell polarity proteins in epithelial cells of the fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) egg chambers are given as an example. Firstly, I established an alternative labelling strategy to label polarity proteins for DNA-PAINT imaging using …
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Regulation of Cell Polarity in the Budding Yeast <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>
Die Polarisierung der Saccharomyces cerevisiae-Zellen erfolgt zu verschiedenen Zeitpunkten während der Zellteilung. Zu Beginn der Zellteilung werden spezifische Orte für die Sprossung ausgewählt. Die Wahl der Sprossungsorte folgt definierten räumlichen Mustern und unterliegt der Kontrolle von …
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Hexagonal packing of Drosophila wing epithelial cells by the Planar Cell Polarity pathway
The mechanisms that order cellular packing geometry are critical for the functioning of many tissues, but are poorly understood. Here we investigate this problem in the developing wing of Drosophila. The surface of the wing is decorated by hexagonally packed hairs that are uniformly oriented …
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Functional Genomic Approaches to Study Cell Polarity Regulation by G1 Cyclins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
… essential for ensuring that DNA replication and cell division are properly linked to cell polarity and bud morphogenesis. However, like most genes in S. cerevisiae, individual cyclin genes are not required for viability, and the phenotypes associated with deletion of any single cyclin gene tend …
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Rho GTPases and their regulators in cell polarity of the filamentous ascomycete Neurospora crassa
Rho-GTPasen sind kleine G-Proteine der Ras-Superfamilie, die als molekulare Schalter wirken: Im GTP-gebundenen Zustand aktivieren sie eine Vielzahl von Effektorproteinen, wohingegen sie durch die Hydrolyse des GTPs wieder inaktiviert werden. Rho-GTPasen nehmen eine Schlüsselstellung in zahlreichen …
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Functional analysis of the Bazooka protein in the establishment of cell polarity in Drosophila melanogaster
Für Komponenten des sogenannten PAR/aPKC- (partitioning-defective / atypische Proteinkinase C) Komplexes wurde nachgewiesen, dass sie eine Schlüsselrolle in der Entstehung und Erhaltung der Zellpolarität in unterschiedlichen Zelltypen spielen. Die grundlegenden Mechanismen scheinen hierbei in der …
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Structure-Function Analysis of the Cell Polarity Determinants Bud8p and Bud9p in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>
Polarität stellt eine fundamentale zelluläre Eigenschaft von Lebewesen dar und ist eine Grundvoraussetzung für Orientierung und Überleben innerhalb einer mehrdimensionalen Umgebung. In dem eukaryotischen Modellorganismus Saccharomyces cerevisiae, der Bier- bzw. Bäckerhefe, wird Polarität im Rahmen …
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Investigating the mechanisms and the temporal regulation of the first cell polarity establishment in the mouse embryo
Embryonic cells of many species polarise and the cell polarity is often important for the normal developmental progression. In the mouse embryo, the prototype of epithelial cell polarity, namely apico-basal polarisation, become established at the 2.5 days’ post-fertilisation, when the embryos are …
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The evolution of neuronal progenitor cell division in mammals: The role of the abnormal spindle-like microcephaly associated (Aspm) protein and epithelial cell polarity
… this doctoral work is to investigate some of the cell biological mechanisms responsible for this increase in relative brain size. In particular, the processes that regulate symmetric cell division (ultimately generating more progenitors), the constraints on progenitor proliferation, and how neural …
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Cellular-level mechanisms of polarity and their role in plant growth
Coordinated cell polarity fields are essential for plant and animal development. Several models have been proposed for how these cell polarity fields are established. However, it remains unclear how different models are related to each other and how coordinated cell polarity fields are generated. …
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The Role of Merlin and Apicobasal Polarity In Endometrial Development and Homeostasis
<p>Apicobasal polarity and cell adhesion are necessary for the proper formation and organization of epithelial tissues. Merlin couples cell polarity and adhesion through correct localization of the polarity protein Par3 and maturation of apical junctions. Merlin and Par3 are necessary for the …
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Uncovering Signalling Pathways Mediating Gastrointestinal Morphogenesis and Tumorigenesis
… development requires precisely coordinated intercellular communication via signalling pathways, mechanisms underlying intestinal morphogenesis remain unclear. The Hedgehog signalling pathway is critical for many aspects of gut development, however, its downstream transcriptional targets allowing …
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