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Showing 1 to 20 of 597 for “"cell division"”.
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Topological analysis of microtubules during cell division
Cells are complex biological systems, composed by many biopolymers, which undergo morphological changes during cell division. Microtubules are biopolymers essential for functions in the cell. Understanding the role of microtubules in cell division requires characterizing their conformations during …
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Examining Intracellular Phosphorylation Gradients During Cell Division
<p>The dynamic cellular reorganization needed for successful mitosis requires spatial regulatory cues. I examine this problem at two different levels. First, I analyze a phosphorylation gradient for substrates of the chromosomal passenger complex (CPC). CPC is a conserved regulator involved in key …
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Characterisation of ALADIN’s function during cell division
Cell division relies on many steps, precisely synchronised, to ensure the fidelity of chromosome segregation. To achieve such complex and multiple functions, cells have evolved mechanisms by which one protein can participate in numerous events on the cell life. Over the past few years, an …
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The essentiality of DivIVAEf oligomerization for proper cell division in enterococcus faecalis and interaction with a novel cell division protein
DivIVA is a Gram-positive cell division protein involved in chromosome segregation, midcell placement of the cell division machinery, complete septum closure, and polar growth and morphogenesis. Although well conserved across various Gram-positive species, DivIVA is believed to be relatively …
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The role of cell division during tissue morphogenesis
<p>During embryonic tissue morphogenesis, cell division increases both the number of cells and cellular diversity. This is often regulated by the positioning of daughter cells post-mitosis. The goal of this dissertation research is to determine the mechanisms that place daughter cells, and how this …
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Using Microscopy to Examine Mechanisms of Cell Division
<p>The accurate segregation of chromosomes during cell division requires the assembly of a microtubule-based mitotic spindle. In the research presented here, I examined two aspects of mitotic spindle morphogenesis. First, I looked at how chromosomes attach to microtubules in mitosis. The capture of …
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Spatiotemporal dynamics of cell division in intestinal homeostasis
… homeostasis is governed by fate choices of stem cells residing in the intestinal crypt base. This must involve niche-specific co-ordination of cell division to guarantee that epithelial cells divide at the right time and place. These mechanisms operate to ensure precise control of the numbers of …
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Synthetic In Vivo Reconstitution of Asymmetric Cell Division
Asymmetric cell division (ACD) is the process whereby one dividing cell gives rise to two daughter cells of differing fates. ACD is known to be controlled, at least in part, by protein complexes that reside asymmetrically at the cortex of dividing cells. These asymmetric domains are involved in …
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Phylogeny of the Resistance-Nodulation-Cell Division (RND) Superfamily
… domains to understand the Resistance-Nodulation-Cell Division (RND) superfamily’s evolution and points of divergence. Several members of the superfamily are involved in both the acquisition and intrinsic resistance to antibiotics despite origins that are ubiquitous and ancient compared to …
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The Control of Cell Division During the Immune Response
… a selective deleterious effect on a suppressor-cell population. Splenic lymphocytes from parathyroidectomized animals were able to elicit a normal graft-versus-host reaction as assessed using a popliteal lymph node weight assay. It was also shown that a normal pool of memory cells was formed by …
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CELL DIVISION AND EMBRYOGENIC COMPETENCE IN ALFALFA {Medicago falcata L.)
… 15 days the globular clusters of small dividing cells (pro-embryos) which had formed within the leaf tissue were released into the medium. After transfer to a development medium, the pro-embryos proceeded through the classical heart and torpedo stages to the regeneration of whole plants. The role …
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Characterization of Ftsa-Ftsn Interaction During Escherichia Coli Cell Division
<p>Division of a bacterial cell into two equal daughter cells requires precise assembly and constriction of the division machinery, or divisome. The <em>Escherichia coli </em>divisome includes nearly a dozen essential cell division proteins that assemble at midcell between segregating sister …
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Small Molecules as Probes for Cell Division and Intracellular Transport
<p>Cell-permeable small molecules that can act on their targets on fast time scales are powerful probes of cell division mechanisms and intracellular transport processes. Phenotype-based screens with chemical libraries have been used to identify such inhibitors. However, probes for most proteins …
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The Role of Cell Division Orientation during Zebrafish Early Development
The development of multicellular organisms is dependent on the tight coordination between tissue growth and morphogenesis. The stereotypical orientation of cell divisions has been proposed to be a fundamental mechanism by which proliferating and growing tissues take shape. However, the actual …
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The Effects of RHAMM on Cell Division, Cell Motility, and Tumorigenesis
… are predicted to regulate genomic stability and cell polarity and proposed to account for the oncogenic function of RHAMMΔ163. We hypothesized that RHAMM leucine zipper maintains mitotic spindle integrity and impacts directional cell migration through its interactions with microtubule and …
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Determinants Influencing Polar Flagellar Biosynthesis and Cell Division in Campylobacter jejuni
… C. jejuni flhG mutants also demonstrated a minicell phenotype, which is the result of division erroneously occurring at polar regions. Further examination revealed that FlhG and the flagellar base components compose a novel division inhibition system to spatially prevent polar division and …
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Examining the Regulation of Cell Division by the Spindle Assembly Checkpoint
<p>Accurate chromosome segregation during cell division is essential for the maintenance of a cell's genomic stability. The molecular surveillance mechanism called the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) inhibits chromosome segregation before all chromosomes are correctly attached (bi-oriented) on …
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Characterization of a Chlamydomonas protein involved in cell division and autophagy
… addition to expelling excessive water out of the cell, it also expels ions and other metabolites and thereby contributes to the cell's metabolic homeostasis. The interest in the CV reaches beyond its immediate cellular roles. The CV's function is tightly related to basic cellular processes such as …
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Molecular characterization of the cell division gene ftsZ in Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
Cell division is an essential process in all bacteria, although in some organisms like Neisseria gonorrhoeae relatively little is known about cell division. The process has been well characterized in Escherichia coli, with the identification and characterization of many cell division genes. The …
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