Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 33 for “"cancer evolution"”.
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Cancer Cartography: Mapping Cancer Evolution in Tissue Space
While somatic evolution is widely accepted as fundamental to cancer development, significant gaps in understanding persist. These gaps concern the role of cellular interactions within the tumour microenvironment (TME) and the impact of spatial constraints on cancer evolution. Emerging spatial omics …
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Prostate cancer evolution employing artificial intelligence to enhance biomarker discovery
Prostate cancer is highly heterogeneous, with the potential for multifocality with phenotypically and genetically distinct tumour foci. Additionally, cellular heterogeneity has the ability to harbour phenotypically diverse cancer cell types. Prostate cancer needs to be explored across different …
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Algorithms for phylogenetic tree correction in species and cancer evolution
Reconstructing evolutionary trees, also known as phylogenies, from molecular sequence data is a fundamental problem in computational biology. Classically, evolutionary trees have been estimated over a set of species, where leaves correspond to extant species and internal nodes correspond to …
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INSIGHTS INTO THE SELECTION AND FUNCTION OF COPY-NUMBER ALTERATIONS DURING CANCER EVOLUTION
Cancer evolution is a complex process mostly driven by genomic instability, including large- and small-scale alterations, such as copy-number alterations (CNAs) or single-nucleotide mutations, respectively. Those alterations play a critical role in tumor development, genetic diversity, and …
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Branching process models for cancer evolution: overview and an application to colorectal cancer initiation
… process to model the development of colorectal cancer from initially healthy tissue. The model incorporates a complex sequence of driver gene alterations, some of which result in immediate growth advantage, while others have initially neutral effects. We derive analytic estimates for the sizes …
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MULTI-OMIC LINEAGE TRACING PREDICTS THE MOLECULAR DRIVERS OF CANCER STEM CELLS IN TRIPLENEGATIVE BREAST CANCER EVOLUTION.
Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive breast cancer subtype, and patients still rely primarily on chemo-neoadjuvant therapy (NACT). Their poor prognosis is largely driven by extensive phenotypic heterogeneity, sustained by complex genetic and epigenetic interactions that are …
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Intra-tumor heterogeneity and evolution
Although the treatment of cancer is a major focus of biomedical research, many cancers are extremely hard to treat. Tumors likely resist treatment because each tumor is heterogeneous, and can evolve. Although tumor evolution has long been appreciated, it remains incompletely understood. In this …
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PROBABILISTIC AND DEEP LEARNING APPROACHES TO MODELING BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS
… across various scales, with a specific focus on cancer. The aim is to develop models that are both quantitatively rigorous and biologically meaningful. In the first part, I present a hierarchical Bayesian extension of MOBSTER, a model-based clustering approach for subclonal deconvolution. By …
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Tracing clonal cell plasticity in the microenvironment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
… this property entails a vulnerability to cancer through acinar-to-ductal metaplasia and dedifferentiation by epithelial-mesenchymal transition, which contributes in largely unknown ways to metastasis in pancreatic cancer. As with most solid tumours, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma …
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Developing computational methods to enhance understanding in glioma progression
… information and opportunities towards studying cancer evolution and heterogeneity. This has helped to determine the origin of some cancers, identify evolutionary patterns and decide how to best treat and study some cancer types. This thesis first presents a longitudinal study of patient-matched …
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Adipose Tissue And Its Role In Modulating The Mammary Tumor Microenvironment
Targeting cancer cells has been the primary focus of most cancer therapies, and only recently has the interaction of cancer cells with host stroma been recognized as a driving force for cancer evolution. In the presence of tumor-derived physicochemical cues, the host stroma fails to fulfill its …
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Determining how variations in cell and nuclear size contribute to mitosis and tumorigenicity in cancer cells that undergo whole genome doubling
… of genomic and functional diversity that promote cancer evolution. This is supported by several lines of evidence showing that WGD leads to the accumulation of aneuploidy in human cells and is sufficient to induce tumorigenesis in mice. While the genomic effects of WGD are well established, the …
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Signatures of chromosomal instability in human cancers
… molecular characteristics to be described in cancer. Since its detection by light microscopy in the late 19th century, technological advances have facilitated the observation of CIN at increasing resolution, revealing an extreme genomic complexity which we are only beginning to understand. As …
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Landscape of Ecdna-Borne Non-Coding Rnas In Glioblastoma
<p>Recent advances in cancer genetics found that strong oncogene transcription can occur on a form of non-chromosome DNAs that is often amplified to tens or hundreds of copies, and that can exist in more than half of cancer types. This type of genetic material was termed extrachromosomal DNA …
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Clonal deconvolution of transcriptomic signatures and their spatial organisation in a mouse model of breast cancer
Intratumour heterogeneity is a phenomenon during cancer progression in which cancer cells diverge and form clonal populations with distinct phenotypic, genetic, or epigenetic states within the same tumour. This intrinsic heterogeneity provides a fuel for cancer evolution enabling tumour cell …
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The somatic evolution of the canine transmissible venereal tumour
This dissertation investigates the evolution of the canine transmissible venereal tumour (CTVT), a sexually transmitted cancer which manifests as genital tumours in dogs. This cancer first arose in an individual dog several thousand years ago, and has since survived by transfer of living cancer …
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The Impact of Radiation on Glioblastoma Evolution
… most common and malignant primary adult brain cancer with a median survival of 15 months despite treatment with surgical resection followed by chemo-radiotherapy. The clonal diversity and evolutionary dynamics inherent to GBs is considered a major obstacle to effective treatment response. While …
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Quantitative Analyses of Normal and Precancerous Somatic Evolution in Human Tissues
Cancer arises from a single cell of origin whose lineage accumulates somatic mutations in a step-wise manner over time. The evolutionary process towards cancer development is dynamic and the earliest mutation may arise decades before the onset for some cancers. This calls for a quantitative …
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Characterization of Mechanisms That Mediate Cancer Metastatic Colonization
… is the major cause of death in all solid tumor cancers. Current therapeutic strategies fail to target metastasis as the genes and mechanisms that regulate this process remain poorly understood. Metastatic colonization is the final step of the metastatic cascade whereby cancer cells form a tumor …
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Insights into transcriptional regulation from natural and induced variation in closely related species
… of the TFs, and it may be naturally fixed by evolution among the different species, and/or induced variation among different conditions, for example as a result to carcinogen exposures. The reflection of the underlying molecular variation in the functional roles of TF binding is also tied to …
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