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Showing 1 to 20 of 46 for “"cGAS"”.
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Regulation of the cGAS-STING Pathway in Health and Disease
Pages v-xiii are misnumbered as pages vi-xiv.
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The Role of the cGAS-STING Pathway in Cancer and Autoimmunity
The general metadata -- e.g., title, author, abstract, subject headings, etc. -- is publicly available, but access to the submitted files is restricted to UT Southwestern campus access and/or authorized UT Southwestern users.
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Regulation of the cGAS-STING Pathway: Non-Agonist Activation and Cellular Trafficking
The cGAS-STING pathway in the innate immune system plays an important role in infection and cancer. Exogenous or endogenous DNA and cyclic dinucleotides acutely activate cGAS-STING, leading to type I interferon (IFN) signaling. STING-mediated IFN signaling is dynamically regulated by STING …
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Liquid-Liquid Phase Separations in Innate Immune DNA Sensing and NF-κB Signaling Pathways
The binding of DNA to cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) leads to the production of the secondary messenger cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP), which activates innate immune responses. We have shown that DNA binding to cGAS robustly induced the formation of liquidlike droplets in which cGAS was activated. The …
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Roles of Cyclic GMP-AMP Synthase in Immune Defense Against Retroviruses and Autoimmunity
… robust innate immunity. Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) is the sensor of cytosolic DNA and activation of cGAS initiates cytokine production. Here we show cGAS plays essential roles in immune defense against retroviruses as well as in autoimmune diseases caused by self-DNA. HIV infection abrogates …
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Regulatory Mechanisms in Innate Immunity
… It is produced by the cytosolic DNA sensor cGAS in response to pathogen or self DNA as a second messenger to activate STING. cGAMP has been proven to be very important in anti-viral response and anti-tumor process. In the second part of the dissertation, I used next-generation sequencing …
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An examination of the role of IFI16 in detecting viral DNA in human immortalised keratinocytes
… of the DNA sensor cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS). cGAS produces the second messenger cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) which binds to and activates the endoplasmic reticulum adapter STimulator of INterferon Genes (STING). Activated STING initiates transcription of the anti-viral cytokine interferon-b, …
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The Role of STING-Mediated Neuroinflammation in Traumatic Brain Injury
… Synthase- Stimulator of Interferon Genes (cGAS-STING) pathway is one of the primary methods of producing Type I IFNs; therefore, this work sought to evaluate the role of the cGAS-STING pathway in a murine controlled cortical impact (CCI) model of TBI. Using cGAS knockout (KO) or STING KO …
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STING safeguards epithelial genome integrity and protects from carcinogenesis via mitotic checkpoint control
The cGAS-STING pathway is widely recognized as a central mediator of innate immune responses to cytosolic DNA. However, whether cGAS-STING directly coordinates DNA damage response in non-immune cells and thereby contributes to cell-intrinsic prevention of oncogenesis is not known. The present work …
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The Mechanism of cGAMP Induced Antitumor Effect and Its Application in Treating Cancer and Antibody Generation
… remain unresponsive to existing therapies. The cGAS-cGAMP-STING pathway, a notable target, primarily activates the innate immune system, inducing strong antitumor responses. Direct cGAMP delivery into tumors has demonstrated significant antitumor effects in vivo. Despite this, knowledge gaps …
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Role of the Innate Immune Response to DNA During Therapy with Oncolytic Viruses
… cytoplasmic DNA sensor cyclic GMP-AMP Synthase (cGAS) resulted in loss of STING-dependent signalling in response to DNA stimulation and SKV infection whilst deletion of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) complex protein Ku80 did not. Despite these differences in STING-dependent signalling, …
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Investigating The Role of Abro1 In Dna Damage-Induced Immune Response
… been shown that genomic instability can trigger cGAS/STING pathway , inducing activation of the innate immune response and inflammatory gene expression through cGAS binding to cytoplasmic DNA or localizing to micronuclei in response to DNA damage. Here, I found that replication stress induced by …
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Methods and Applications of Computational Design in Multiple States
… occurring enzyme, cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS). Under normal circumstances cGAS adopts an enzymatically active conformation only when bound to double-stranded DNA (dsDNA). By applying multistate design I was able to engineer constitutively active variants of cGAS, which adopt the active …
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Disruption of Dna Polymerase Zeta Promotes An Innate Immune Response
… stress, can activate the cytosolic DNA sensor cGAS which promotes an interferon response with its signaling partner, STING. Knockdown of cGAS and STING in <em>Rev3l </em>KO MEFs significantly reduced expression of interferon-stimulated genes indicating that loss of pol ζ promotes activation of …
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Innate Immune Sensing and Signaling of Cytosolic DNA
… enzyme, which we named cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS), turned out to be the long sought-after cytosolic DNA sensor. Structural and functional studies revealed that cGAS is activated by DNA-induced dimerization. We further generated and characterized a cGAS knockout mouse strain, which failed to …
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Separation of algae from growth media by CGA flotation
… and non-ionic surfactants were used to generate CGAs. Preliminary batch studies showed that two CGA flotation procedures could be successfully used for algae flotation. CGA flotation without pretreatment of algae was only successful using cationic surfactants. All three types of surfactants …
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SMYD3: A PLAYER IN STEMNESS AND CHROMOSOME INSTABILITY IN TRIPLE NEGATIVE BREAST CANCER
… possibile coinvolgimento di SMYD3 nel pathway di cGAS-STING. Le cellule cancerose sono caratterizzate da un alto livello di CIN, il quale porta al rilascio di DNA genomico nel citoplasma, che viene riconosciuto dal pathway di cGAS-STING, che viene a sua volta attivato nel suo ramo …
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Mechanisms of Macrophage Detection and Control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection
… a role for the recently characterized DNA sensor cGAS in the detection of M. tuberculosis infection and initiation of the type I interferon response as well as a role for cGAS in the targeting of M. tuberculosis to the autophagosome. We demonstrate that cGAS deficiency is associated with decreased …
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The use of a microbubble dispersion to enhance a dissolved air flotation system in a wastewater treatment sludge media
Colloidal gas aphrons (CGAs) are typically a 55 to 70% dispersion of 50 +/- 40 micron-sized air bubbles in water. Generation of CGAs has proceeded to allow continuous production of up to 80 liters per minute. Previous laboratory testing has demonstrated the effectiveness of CGA flotation for …
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Investigating HSV-1 pUL56 mediated antagonisation of DNA sensing mechanisms
… the cell. One such PRR, is the cGAMP synthase (cGAS) enzyme, that produces a secondary messenger molecule, cGAMP, which in turn leads to the production of type-I interferons (IFN), resulting in an anti-viral response. As well as acting internally within the cell, cGAMP can also be secreted from …
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