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Showing 1 to 20 of 46 for “"branched-chain amino acids"”.
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Role of branched-chain alpha-KETO acid dehydrogenase kinase in the regulation of branched-chain amino acids metabolism
This document only includes an excerpt of the corresponding thesis or dissertation. To request a digital scan of the full text, please contact the Ruth Lilly Medical Library's Interlibrary Loan Department (rlmlill@iu.edu).
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Excess leucine in diets for growing pigs negatively affects growth performance, nitrogen balance, and metabolism of branched-chain amino acids and tryptophan
… effects of excess dietary Leu on metabolism of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) and to demonstrate the interactions among BCAA and Trp in diets fed to growing pigs. In experiment 1, the objective was to determine the effects of excess dietary Leu on growth performance, N balance, protein …
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Chronic Dietary Supplementation of Branched-Chain Amino Acids Does Not Attenuate Muscle Torque Loss in a Mouse Model of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
… were provided either a control or elevated branched chain amino acid (BCAA) diet nocturnally for 25 weeks to determine if the elevated BCAAs would attenuate muscle torque loss. Twenty-five weeks of chronic, elevated BCAA supplementation had no impact on muscle function measures. …
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The role of adiposity in the association of branched-chain amino acids and metabolic and clinical markers in healthy adults on controlled diets.
Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) leucine, isoleucine, and valine have been positively associated with adiposity and insulin resistance. Targeted metabolomic data from plasma samples of healthy adults (n=40 men, n=40 women) aged 18-45 years old derived from a randomized crossover feeding trial …
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Use of a dual isotope method to measure the interaction of branched chain amino acids and insulin in the stimulation of skeletal muscle protein synthesis
The extent to which branched-chain amino acids (bcaa) and insulin affect the regulation of in vivo skeletal muscle protein synthesis is controversial. To determine their roles in protein synthesis, a dual isotope method using $\sp{14}$C dansyl chloride was adapted for use with radioactive tyrosine. …
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Evaluation of the effects of branched chain amino acids and corn-distillers dried grains by-products on the growth performance, carcass and meat quality characteristics of pigs
… dried distillers grain with solubles (DDGS), and branched chain amino acids (BCAA) on the growth performance and meat quality of pigs. The first study evaluated the combined effect of dietary level of DDGS and HP-DDG on the growth performance of wean-finish pigs and carcass and pork quality …
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Substrate metabolism and acid secretion in the rat stomach
… in vivo. Glucose, D-3-hydroxybutyrate and branched-chain amino acids were taken up by the stomach wall under control and acid-secreting (pentagastrin-stimulated) conditions. The pattern of substrate metabolism appeared unaffected by stimulation of acid secretion...
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Reducing Dietary Crude Protein: Characterization of Branched-Chain Amino Acid Antagonism in Modern Broiler Chickens
… supplementing broiler diets with feed-grade amino acids and proving the economic benefits of their additions. To date, widespread adoption of feed-grade amino acids is limited to methionine, lysine, threonine, and to some extent valine. With valine and isoleucine gaining prevalence in …
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Protein metabolism in the lactating sow
… is associated with a high plasma tryptophan to branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) ratio. High plasma tryptophan to the branched chain amino acids is associated with increased tryptophan entry in the brain and serotonin secretion which in turn is involved in the depression of feed intake in other …
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Differential BCAA Metabolism in Tissues of Tumor-Bearing Mice: A Path to Understanding Cancer Cachexia
… often resistant to nutritional support. While branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) stimulate muscle protein synthesis, BCAA-targeted therapies have shown inconsistent results. In this study, a C26 colon cancer mouse model was used to examine how tumor burden alters BCAA metabolism across skeletal …
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ELUCIDATING THE ROLE OF BCAT1 IN MITOCHONDRIAL FUNCTION AND NEURODEVELOPMENT
Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) are important nitrogen donors involved in various biochemical processes in the brain and comprise three essential amino acids: Leucine, Isoleucine, and Valine. Regulation of BCAA metabolism influences the central nervous system through multiple mechanisms, …
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Characterization of an extremely thermophilic, anaerobic sulphur-dependent archaebacterium
… for peptone. In the presence of peptone, several amino acids, α-keto acids, glucose, lactose, casein, and starch stimulate growth. Sodium and sulphur are required for growth. Sodium can be replaced by lithium and sulphur by cystine and glutathione. Sodium is required for utilization of several …
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The Role of Leucine and Its Metabolite (KIC) in Insulin Signalling and Glucose Transport in L6 Myotubes
Branched-chain Amino Acids (BCAAs) are known to have positive effects in metabolic health through weight management and muscle protein synthesis. However, elevated levels of BCAAs (particularly leucine) and their metabolites have also been implicated in the development of insulin resistance and …
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Tissue-encoded Design Principles of Host Defense
… liver tissue metabolomics and found that branched-chain ketoacids (BCKAs), metabolic products of branched-chain amino acids, are released during systemic inflammation and serve as endogenous antioxidants that neutralize extracellular peroxides. They thus reduce tissue damage and increase …
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Muscle Growth and Development in Intrauterine Growth Restricted Pigs
… in skeletal muscle; 3) investigate whether branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) are able to enhance protein synthesis in intrauterine growth restricted (IUGR) pig muscle. Newborn piglets were considered normal body weight (NBWT) or IUGR when birth weight was within ± 0.5 SD and -2 SD of litter …
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Responses to abomasal infusion of casein, hydrolyzed casein or methionine-lysine and dietary protein degradability in lactating cows
… the same responses, suggesting differences in amino acid absorption and utilization between the sources. Basal diet affected the responses to abomasal infusions demonstrating that amino acid nutrition of the cow was affected by dietary protein degradability. Concentration of total essential …
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Defective branched chain amino acid catabolism impairs exercise capacity and glucose homeostasis in the mouse
The branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) leucine, isoleucine and valine, play a central role in substrate metabolism, energetics, and protein synthesis. Although BCAA supplementation is widely used to improve exercise capacity and physical fitness, elevated levels of the BCAAs have been implicated in …
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The Role of Amino Acid Transport in the Regulation of mTORC1 by Metformin
… signalling by inhibiting its activation by amino acids in an AMPK-independent manner. Furthermore, we present evidence to suggest that this occurs through a reversible mechanism ‘upstream’ of the amino acid sensor involving inhibition of hepatic uptake of leucine, a potent stimulator of …
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Linking whole-grain bread, coffee, and red meat to the risk of type 2 diabetes
… it was aimed to consider network models of amino acid and lipid profiles as potential mediators of these risk-relations. Study population: Analyses were conducted in the prospective EPIC-Potsdam cohort (n = 27,548), applying a nested case-cohort design (n = 2731, including 692 incident …
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Interrogating Cancer Metabolism using Novel Imaging Techniques
… Ketoisocaproic acid is a substrate for Branched Chain Aminotransferase 1 (BCAT1), the first enzyme in the catabolic pathway of Branched Chain Amino Acids. This enzyme is upregulated in many cancers and is linked to cancer progression. In this project, the role of BCAT1 in cell …
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