Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 26 for “"body fat distribution"”.
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Functional validation of human rare missense variants associated with body fat distribution and cardiometabolic risk
Body fat distribution is a predictor of metabolic and cardiovascular disease independent of body mass index (BMI) and is heritable. To understand the genetic determinants of the differences observed in fat distribution in the general population, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have emerged …
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Diet, Body Fat Distribution, and Serum Leptin in Young Men with Undiagnosed Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome
… apnea syndrome (OSAS) on dietary intake and body composition. The purpose of this study was to evaluate dietary status, body fat distribution and leptin in overweight young men with and without OSAS in comparison to published values for normal weight counterparts. Methods: Groups were …
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Effects of adipose tissue extracellular matrix components on body fat distribution and insulin sensitivity in black and white South African women
… of insulin resistance is android/central body fat partitioning, with visceral adipose tissue (VAT) enlargement, in particular, being closely associated with increased risk. Conversely, lower-body fat accumulation is considered to be protective. However, these relationships between body fat …
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Ethnic specific associations between body composition and metabolic risk and the role of sex hormones and aromatase among black and white South African women
… ethnic differences in the relationship between body fat distribution and metabolic risk between black and white women. However, the reasons for these differences are not known and may be explained in part by differences in sex hormones. The overall aim of this thesis was therefore to i) examine …
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Determinants of body composition changes over 5.5 years and the associated cardio-metabolic risk factors in free-living black South African women
… to examine the determinants of the changes in body composition and the associations with cardio-metabolic risk factors over a 5.5-year follow-up period in a cohort of free-living black SA women. These aims were addressed in two separate chapters with the following specific aims: Chapter 1: To …
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The Region Specific Influence of Estradiol on In-Vivo Lipolysis in Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue in Overweight-to-Moderately-Obese Premenopausal Women
… of adiposity in the gynoid region, a distribution which shifts towards the abdominal region after the menopausal transition. Although estrogen is implicated as a major player in determining body fat distribution the mechanisms behind estrogenic action(s) in adipose tissue of women are …
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The influence of ethnicity, socioeconomic status and obesity intervention on body composition in UK children and adolescents
… is comprised of four studies investigating body composition and its assessment in children. The first study examined body dimensions and fatness in two groups of children from contrasting income backgrounds. Findings showed that children from the 'lower income’ were on average (for their …
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Investigating Metabolically Healthy Obesity In US Minority Populations: The IRAS Family Study
… (CVD). This has led to characterizing different body size phenotypes based on cardiometabolic risk factors. Thus, individuals can be classified as being metabolically healthy obese (MHO) versus metabolically abnormal obese (MAO). Although there have been several studies that have tried to …
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Mechanism of lipid disorder in HIV infection: apolipoprotein-B kinetics, fat distribution, insulin resistance and adipocytokines in patients taking protease inhibitors or non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
… antiretroviral treatment of HIV infection, body fat distribution, insulin resistance (HOMA), adipocytokine and apolipoprotein-B (apoB) kinetics was investigated in 12 HIV negative controls and 55 HIV-infected patients including antiretroviral treatment-naïve patients (n=15) and patients …
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The effect of an exercise intervention on insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion and insulin clearance in black obese South African women
… they exhibit lower levels of central and ectopic fat, compared to their white counterparts, contradicting the known correlates of SI typically reported in white populations. Moreover, in black African women hyperinsulinemia is in excess of the level needed to compensate for low SI, with a …
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Modelling altered Glucocorticoid Sensitivity: From HPA axis to metabolic abnormalities in mice and humans
… of GR density and ligand levels in determining body composition and metabolic phenotype have been investigated in mice and in humans. Genetic evidence in humans implicates variations in the GR gene in the regulation of the HPA axis as well as the control of body fat distribution, metabolic …
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A longitudinal study of adolescents into adulthood: tracking of nutrient intake and body size
… obesity relate specifically to intra-abdominal fat accumulation. Efforts to tackle these problems are now turning towards early prevention rather than later treatment. However, this assumes that improvements in diet and adiposity will be maintained into adulthood. This thesis describes the …
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Gender and obesity effects on cardiovagal baroreflex gain in humans
… focusing on the influence of gender obesity, and body fat distribution on cardiovagal baroreflex gain were conducted to determine I) if women would demonstrate lower cardiovagal baroreflex gain compared with men; 2) if cardiovagal baroreflex gain would be reduced in overweight/obese (35>body mass …
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Genetics of Obesity In Starr County, Texas Mexican Americans
… including BMI, bioimpedance to estimate percent body fat, and waist, hip, and arm circumferences. By using multivariate approaches to leverage the array of obesity measures, we have better captured both the amount of adipose tissue and the location of fat deposits.</p> <p>To assess association of …
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Obesity and cardiovascular disease. Aspects of methods and susceptibility.
… of coronary events (CE), stroke and mortality. Body mass index (BMI) was an independent risk factor for CE and mortality in men. However, the risk associated with obesity was increased by exposure to other atherosclerotic risk factors (smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and …
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Metabolic complications resulting from the use of antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected patients
… is characterised by an increase in trunk fat (lipohypertrophy) and/or a decrease in limb fat (lipoatrophy). This thesis investigates the metabolic complications associated with ART, and develops simple anthropometric cut-points for identifying those with lipodystrophy. Data for this thesis …
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Depot differences in adipose tissue metabolism and function in obese black South African women and changes in response to an exercise training intervention
… This thesis aimed to evaluate the differences in fatty acid (FA) composition and gene expression between abdominal (aSAT) and gluteal subcutaneous adipose tissue (gSAT), and the changes in response to exercise training in relation to body composition, hepatic fat, inflammatory and oxidative stress …
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A Correlational Analysis of Anthropometric Measures and Selected Blood, Immune and Endocrine Indices in Adult Males
… decades it has become apparent that increased body weight, specifically body fat, coupled with a sedentary lifestyle is associated with an increased risk for chronic disorders such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Researchers are now re-directing their focus on determining the cause of …
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Adiposity measures and risk of cardiovascular disease
… several decades of research, the relevance of body fat and body fat distribution to the risk of cardiovascular disease remains unclear. This thesis aims to investigate associations of body-mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) with risk of first-onset …
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