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Showing 1 to 16 of 16 for “"blast injury"”.
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Adaptation of Biophysical Platforms to the study of Blast Injury
… resulted in an increased prevalence of complex blast injuries. Due to improvements in acute clinical treatment, particularly in the context of the theatre of war, injuries that would have proved fatal in past wars are now eminently survivable. However, blast survivors can have short- and …
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Innovative Platform Design for In Vitro Primary Blast Injury Research
One of the principal challenges of primary blast injury research is imitation of shock waves accurately and consistently in a safe and tunable platform. Existing simulators have been effective in these goals but have not been conducive for in vitro models due to their large size and air-mediated …
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Blast injury to the human skeleton: recognition, identification and differentiation using morphological and statistical approaches.
… and contextualising the nature of this trauma. Blast injury is a type of trauma which is increasingly seen in a variety of contexts, such as terrorism, human rights violations, combat and accidents. The purpose of this study was to examine blast injury in the human skeleton and apply robust …
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Biomechanical Responses and Functional Outcomes in Large Animal and Human Surrogate Models of Primary Blast Injury
… over the past century has led to a rise in blast traumatic brain injuries (bTBIs), particularly among military personnel. More than 515,000 servicemembers have been diagnosed with a traumatic brain injury (TBI) since the year 2000, and blast was reported to be the most common cause of TBI in …
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Ultrastructural damages in the brain induced by low-intensity primary blast wave : a transmission electron microscopy study on mild traumatic brain injury
… AT AUTHOR'S REQUEST.] Explosive blast-induced mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), a "signature wound" of recent military conflicts, commonly affects Service Members. While past blast injury studies have provided insights into TBI with moderate-to high-intensity explosions, the …
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Rodent testing device surrogate for shockwave blast testing
… around the world are conduct shockwave blast injury tests on rodents to simulate blast traumatic brain injury (TBI). Each of these laboratories has different techniques for creating the shockwave blasts as well as positioning the rats. There is no device to determine whether or not the …
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Automated multi-well neural injury device
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a wide spread pathological problem occurring in 1.4 million individuals every year according to the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. There are several types of TBI and the most prominent ones are concussion, contusion, hematoma, …
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Investigating Injury Pathology of Blast-induced Polytrauma and Assessing the Therapeutic Role of Hemostatic Nanoparticles after Blast Exposure
… combat related injuries (Ramasamy et al. 2008). Blast overpressure from explosions can cause barotrauma to the lungs and the brain. Blast-induced mild traumatic brain injury has been labeled the "signature wound" of current military conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan (Snell and Halter 2010). In …
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Ergonomics, design and reliability of body armour
… First, as an example of the threats and injury mechanisms that prevail in modern conflicts, the effects of blast injury to the head are investigated. This is followed by a review of ergonomic test methods and is completed by a study exploring the influence of history on modern body armour …
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THE ROLE OF INNERVATION IN ENGINEERED MUSCLE
… loss (VML) resulting from ballistic trauma, blast injury, surgical resection, and accidental damage. Such injuries are not restricted to any specific age group and often lead to long-term or permanent reductions in mobility, physical strength, and overall functional independence, placing a …
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Effect of endplate on the blast wave profile in a compressed gas shock tube
Blast related brain injuries are commonly encountered in the recent wars of Iraq and Afghanistan increased use of improvised explosive devices (IEDs). An estimated 20% of veterans returning from these operations have suffered traumatic brain injuries (TBI). The mechanisms and long-term effects of …
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Development of a Workflow to study Neuronal Injury In Vivo in the Retina and In Vitro in Collagen Hydrogels
… et al., 2023). In the military, the frequency of blasts has increased during recent military conflicts where 186,555 active-duty military personnel are now diagnosed with ocular injuries (Hilber, 2011). This study used in vitro and in vivo models to determine the cellular responses to mechanical …
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The Effects of Blast-Induced Neurotrauma on Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability, Cell-Cell Junction Protein Levels and the Role of Peroxynitrite
Traumatic brain injury is one of the most common injuries presented in emergency departments in the U.S.. While mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) is often not reported or treated it may still result in significant pathophysiological disruptions for the patient. As a result of the ongoing military …
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An investigation of the biomechanical response from shock wave loading to the head
… explanation of the mechanism of brain injury after exposure to blast and several hypotheses have been suggested. The focus of this research was to investigate one of the hypotheses for primary brain injury due to blast: multimodal skull flexure. The significance of this research is …
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Effects of Mild Blast Traumatic Brain Injury on Cerebral Vascular Function, Histopathological and Behavioral Outcomes in Rats
Impact traumatic brain injury (i.e. non-blast TBI) is often associated with reduced cerebral perfusion and impaired cerebrovascular function due, in part, to the generation of reactive oxygen (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) (e.g. peroxynitrite, ONOO‾). Although blast TBI (bTBI) also …