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Showing 1 to 20 of 22 for “"benzalkonium chloride"”.
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Assessment of dairy product quality by selective incubation and rapid techniques
… of gram-positive organisms. Crystal violet, benzalkonium chloride, a mixture of crystal violet and benzalkonium chloride, and alkylaryl sulfonate were tested. These were incubated with milk samples separately inoculated with gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, at 2l°C for 18 hours. …
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The Penaeus monodon baculovirus (MBV): Its epizootiology, prevention and control in penaeid shrimp hatcheries and grow-out ponds in the Philippines.
… washing and rinsing P. monodon eggs with iodine, benzalkonium chloride, calcium hypochlorite or ozone-treated seawater. The eggs washed with ozonized and benzalkonium chloride-treated seawater gave higher hatching rates of 72.4% and 60.3%, respectively. Postlarval survival at PL-7 was 67.6% in …
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Studies on the outer membrane of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and associated resistance properties
… in disinfectant formulation in conjunction with benzalkonium chloride (BKC), and if possible, to synthesise novel agents based upon successful structures. Development of resistance to antibacterial agents following long-term exposure of P. aeruginosa to BKC was also investigated, examining …
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Development of an image based technique for assessment of colorectal epithelial integrity and function in an ovine model
… by introduction of the microbicidal agent benzalkonium chloride (BZK). The study utilizes CE to demonstrate that BZK causes a significant increase in permeability on a 3-point visual grading scale as assessed by three graders between untreated (1.19 ± 0.53) and BZK treated (2.55 ± 0.75) …
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Triple oxygen isotopes and oxygen/argon ratio measurements to enhance coastal and open ocean production/respiration comparisons
… isotope and discrete O2/Ar samples was assessed. Benzalkonium chloride was found to be a less toxic alternative to mercuric chloride on short time scales of three days. Our results of N agree with previous in situ productivity measurements in these regions and highlight the importance of including …
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Influence of Membrane-Damaging Agents and the Sigma Factor AlgU on the Induction of the MexCD-OprJ Efflux System of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa
… the membrane-active biocides, chlorhexidine or benzalkonium chloride, results in mexCD-oprJ expression. This suggests that membrane disruption provides the inducing signal. Consistent with this, increased mexCD-oprJ expression was demonstrated in the presence of additional membrane-damaging …
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Detergent effects on disinfectant susceptibility of Escherichia coli and listeria monocytogenes attached to stainless steel
… became significantly more susceptible to benzalkonium chloride (BAC) after treatment with sodium alkyl sulphate (SAS) by 0.51 Log10 cfu ml-1 and fatty alcohol ethoxylate (FAE) by 0.96 Log10 cfu ml-1. No change in susceptibility was observed with sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), sodium lauryl …
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Biopharmaceutic and Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of Hesperidin and Hesperetin for Ocular Delivery
… observed in the vitreous humor. Inclusion of benzalkonium chloride, as a penetration enhancer/preservative, significantly improved the vitreal levels of hesperetin. In conclusion, topical administration would be ideal for the delivery of hesperetin to the deeper ocular tissues. Development of …
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Antibiotic and biocide resistance in Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli 0157
… concentrations of erythromycin (ERY), benzalkonium chloride (BKC), chlorhexidine hydrochloride (CHX)and triclosan (TLN). Once resistance was achieved permeability changes in the outer membrane, including LPS, cell surface charge and hydrophobicityand the presence of,an active efflux …
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Biopharmaceutical approaches for improved drug delivery across ocular barriers
… use of penetration enhancers (chitosan, benzalkonium chloride (BAK) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)) and formulation approaches (cyclodextrins and solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs)) were evaluated in terms of their ability to improve the ocular bioavailability of hydrophilic and …
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Release of antimicrobial compounds from glass-ionomer dental cements
… compounds. Sodium fusidate, cetyl pyridinium chloride (CPC), benzalkonium chloride (BACH), triclosan and triclosan/zinc citrate at concentrations ranging from 1% to 5% by weight were added into Fuji IX and Chemflex cements. Disc-diffusion studies showed antimicrobial effect against …
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Modern mass spectrometric techniques applied to occupational hygiene analysis.
… where necessary to identify unknown species. Benzalkonium Chloride (BAC) has biocidal properties and for this reason the substance is used in many products such as in-can preservatives and ophthalmic cleaning systems. The phenyl substituent of BAC facilitates detection by spectrophotometric …
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A novel encapsulation favorably modifies the skin disposition of topically-applied N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (DEET)
… of reacted sodium carboxymethylcellulose and benzalkonium chloride while the core consisted of a mixture of emulsifiers, polyamide resin and acetyltributyl citrate which form a gel in which DEET (15% w/w) was confined. Measurements were made using human cadaver skin and modified Franz …
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Neuroglial differentiation and neo-innervation in extracellular matrix-based tissue engineered innervated smooth muscle sheets
… to neo-innervate explant cultures of colon. Benzalkonium chloride treatments were used to denervate explant colons. Tissue engineered sheets were manufactured with enriched populations of nitrergic neurons, and maintained in co-culture with the recipient denervated colons. Neo-innervation was …
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The source, cost and prevention of central venous catheter-related infection
… surface with the quaternary ammonium compound benzalkonium chloride was investigated. Eighty eight patients received an antimicrobial catheter and 78 patients a conventional polyurethane CVC. The anti-microbial CVC resulted in a reduction in microbial colonisation of the external and internal …
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Understanding Bacterial Resistance and Dissemination: The Impact of Biocide Priming
… peroxide, chlorhexidine, glutaraldehyde and benzalkonium chloride). Minimum inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics and biocides were determined before and after exposure to low concentrations of biocides to test for changes in biocide tolerance and cross resistance to antibiotics. Efflux …
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Developing novel therapeutic agents for Acanthamoeba infection and investigating the process of encystment
… of AK. These compounds included, octenidine hydrochloride, alexidine, miltefosine and quaternary ammonium (didecyldimethylammonium chloride). The anti-amoebic effect of benzalkonium chloride, povidone iodine and tetracaine are superior to the current diamidines and slightly lower to the biguanides …
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Development of stationary phase materials and methods for analysis of pharmaceuticals via high-performance liquid chromatography and electrochemical detection
… of pharmaceutically-active tetracaine hydrochloride (TCH), oxymetazoline hydrochloride (OZH) and benzalkonium chloride (BAK) through the use of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Attention was then placed on the rapid separation and sensitive detection of the local anaesthetic …
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Improving the recovery of "difficult to release" periplasmically-expressed products from recombinant E. Coli
… Chemicals such as 0.1% Triton X-100, 0.05% benzalkonium chloride (BAC), 0.1% cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), and 2 M urea remarkably changed the secondary structure of beta-lactamase and alpha-amylase. The secondary structure of Fab D1.3 was more vulnerable to the tested chemicals. …
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Phenotypic and genotypic analysis of persistent and sporadic isolates of listeria monocytogenes
… or 9.2), or sub-lethal sanitizer (2 or 5 µg/mL benzalkonium chloride [BAC]) stresses, or to metabolize food-associated carbon sources (25 mM cellobiose, fructose, glucose, lactose, sucrose, or glycogen). At the end, persistent and sporadic strains did not differ from each other in either their …
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