Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 14 of 14 for “"axon initial segment"”.
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Mechanisms of plasticity at the axon initial segment
The axon initial segment (AIS) is a highly specialised neuronal subcompartment located within the proximal axon that has a crucial role in the generation of action potentials. Recent research has shown that this structure is plastic and can undergo changes in its length or location over a period of …
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The Diversity of FHF-mediated Ion Channel Regulation
… prominent. While both FHFs are abundant in the axon initial segment (AIS), only FGF13 is observed within the soma and dendrites. shRNA knockdown and rescue strategies showed that FGF14 regulates axonal VGSCs, while FGF13 only affects VGSCs in the somatodendritic compartment. Thus, FGF13 and …
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Expression of microbial rhodopsins in retinal neurons with subcellular targeting motifs: for the study of the structure/function of aii amacrine cells and for vision restoration
… first part of the dissertation reports in the axonless spiking AII amacrine cell of the mammalian retina a dendritic process sharing organizational and functional similarities with the axon initial segment, the typical site of action potential initiation. This process was revealed through …
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Gene therapy for axon regeneration
… many factors that contribute to the failure of axon regeneration in the CNS. Generally speaking, the problem of axon regeneration can be subdivided in at least two aspects: 1) the growth-repulsive environment surrounding the injured axon and 2) the low intrinsic regeneration potential of adult …
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Astrocyte: Neuron Interactions in the Juvenile Form of Batten Disease
… in neurite complexity and displacement of the axon initial segment (AIS), which modulates neuronal excitability and the initiation of axon potentials. Thus, these data show, for the first time, that JNCL astrocytes are functionally compromised and might play an active role in the …
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Impact of Noise and Spike Initiation Properties on the Encoding and Transmission of Neural Information
… In my thesis, I first investigated how axons are optimized to transmit spike-based representations. Using patch clamp electrophysiology combined with optogenetics, I showed that the axon of CA1 pyramidal neurons spikes transiently in response to sustained depolarization, in contrast to …
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The characterization of the anterograde and retrograde consequences of traumatic axonal injury in a mouse model of diffuse brain injury
Traumatic axonal injury (TAI) is a consistent feature of (TBI) and is responsible for much of its associated morbidity. TAI is now recognized to result from progressive/secondary axonal injury, though much remains unknown in regards to the pathobiology and the long-term consequences of axonal …
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Investigating the assembly of axonal domains for saltatory conduction
The assembly of functional axonal domains including the axon initial segment (AIS) and nodes of Ranvier in myelinated fibres are essential in promoting nerve impulse conduction in the vertebrate central and peripheral nervous system (CNS and PNS). We still do not fully understand what determines …
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Regulation of Polarized Protein Transport to Axons, Dendrites, and Sensory Cilia in Caeborhabditis Elegans Neurons
… with the help of their specialized domains, an axon and one or more dendrites. The molecular dissimilarities between these domains are critical for neuronal function, and are a result of asymmetric trafficking of a large number of cellular components including ion channels, neurotransmitter …
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Investigating the cytoskeleton and microtubule-based transport with in situ cryo-electron tomography
… compartments in which dynein functions. I initially aimed to use cryo-ET to visualise the cellular projections of SH-SY5Y cells, a human neuroblastoma line. Cryo-ET of these projections revealed microtubule bundles and organelles. Immunofluorescence and STA analysis revealed uniform …
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CELLULAR ALTERATIONS OF ADULT HIPPOCAMPAL NEUROGENESIS IN THE FGF14−/− MOUSE MODEL
… Another possible mechanism is the changes in the axon initial segment (AIS) structure; the changes themselves may result in affected circuitry that leads to impairment in adult neurogenesis. Thus, I examined a key element of the AIS, the voltage-gated sodium channel 1.6 (Nav1.6) α-subunit––an ion …
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Endogenous modulators of hyperexcitability in epilepsy: electrophysiological and optogenetic delineation of neuropeptide Y mechanisms in interneurons
… including the cell soma, proximal dendrites and axon initial segment. Thanks to the strategic location of their targets, perisomatic interneurons are particularly suited to control the output of large numbers of excitatory principal cells, with major impact on the network excitability. Two main …
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Cellular and synaptic pathophysiology in a rat model of Fragile X syndrome
… be explained through homeostatic changes in the axon initial segment which regulates neuronal excitability. This work provides the first evidence for conservation of cellular phenotypes associated with the loss of FMRP in mice and rats which will be key in the interpretation of future studies …
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Activity-Dependent Plasticity in the Murine Olfactory Bulb Neurons
… characterised the changes in activity level and axon initial segment (AIS) morphology of the main cell types in the OB after up to 7 days of olfactory deprivation using immunohistochemistry. I found that while excitatory principal neurons and interneurons in the OB undergo minimal changes in …