Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 42 for “"arcuate nucleus"”.
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Hormone Regulation of NPY Neuron Activity in the Arcuate Nucleus of the Hypothalamus
Neuropeptide Y (NPY)-expressing neurons in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus are part of a neuroendocrine feedback loop that regulates feeding behavior and glucose homeostasis. NPY neurons sense peripheral signals of energy stores, including the hormones leptin, insulin, and ghrelin, and …
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Changes in NPY staining in the arcuate nucleus during and after food restriction in lactating rats
… on Neuropeptide Y (NPY) staining in the arcuate nucleus of lactating rats to evaluate a role for NPY in the maintenance of lactational diestrus in food restricted rats. NPY staining was compared on days 15, 20 and 25 of lactation between animals fed ad libitum (AL) and animals food …
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The role of notch signaling in the development of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis and arcuate nucleus
… neurons from the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and supraoptic nucleus (SON). As the pituitary develops, signals from the hypothalamus are necessary for pituitary induction and expansion. Little is known about the control of cues that regulate early embryonic signaling between the …
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Hypothalamic control of energy rheostasis during metabolic challenges, pregnancy, and lactation
… and decreases POMC neuron activity in the arcuate nucleus. Chemogenetic activation of POMC neurons or inhibition of AgRP neurons suppressed pregnancy-induced feeding, indicating that these changes are required for gestational hyperphagia. Spatial transcriptomic profiling, using in situ …
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Loss of Ventromedial Hypothalamic Leptin Receptors Results in Increased Adiposity and a Metabolic Syndrome
… much work has focused on leptin's actions in the arcuate nucleus, other sites have received substantially less attention. Here, I report that mice lacking leptin receptors within the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (Lepr KOVMH) develop increased adiposity and a metabolic syndrome. Lepr KOVMH …
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Effects of exogenous and endogenous factors on appetite regulation in broiler chicks and Japanese quail
… fewer times than control birds. Within the arcuate nucleus (ARC) there was an increase in c-Fos immunoreactivity, indicating neuronal activation, in FA-treated chicks. Within the hypothalamus, there was a decrease in mRNA abundance of galanin, ghrelin, melanocortin receptor 3, and …
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Satiety induced by neuropeptide FF and gastrin in birds
… the lateral hypothalamus (LH), paraventricular nucleus (PVN), arcuate nucleus, nucleus of the solitary tract, and area postrema at 1 h post-injection. Although a variety of genes were measured in those activated nuclei, there were only differences in melanin-concentrating hormone mRNA in the LH …
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Restriction of Food Intake by Dorsomedial Hypothalamus
… activity of AGRP neurons and POMC neurons in the arcuate nucleus and neurons in other brain regions. In these dissertation, I will describe how we identify novel neuronal populations that are regulated by leptin directly or indirectly. In order to identify novel sites of leptin action, we used …
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Effects of social context on endocrine function and Zif268 expression in response to an acute stressor in adolescent and adult rats
… immunoreactive cell counts were higher in the arcuate nucleus in both age groups after isolation (p = 0.007) and higher in the paraventricular nucleus of adolescents compared with adults during the recovery phase irrespective of partner familiarity. There was a significant decrease in …
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Dietary macronutrient composition and exogenous neuropeptide Y affect feed intake in brioler chicks
… hunger are able to activate NPY neurons in the arcuate nucleus, which leads to a cascade of events that activate orexigenic neurons throughout the hypothalamus. Although extensive research has gone into understanding the role of NPY in appetite regulation, the effects of macronutrient …
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Characterizing the Hypothalamic Functions of Irx3 and Irx5 in Energy Balance Regulation
… of FTO. Irx3 and Irx5 are expressed in the arcuate nucleus and median eminence (ARC-ME), a hypothalamic site known to control energy homeostasis via distinct cell types, yet the identities of Irx3- and Irx5-expressing hypothalamic cells and their roles in regulating energy balance remain …
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Hypothalamic Nutrient Sensing
… blood brain barrier is fenestrated, such as the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus. Glucose and leucine are nutrients known to be sensed by neurons in this brain region, but the mechanisms by which they are sensed, and cells that sense them require further study. Using calcium imaging of adult …
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Galanin-like peptide: a molecular link between energy homeostasis and reproduction
… neurons almost exclusively reside within the arcuate nucleus, a region of the hypothalamus that plays a pivotal role in the control of body weight and reproduction. GALP gene expression is highly induced by leptin, which implicates GALP neurons as potential downstream effectors of leptin's …
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Mapping the substrate for brain stimulation reward : new approaches to an old problem
… ipsilateral to the site of stimulation were the arcuate nucleus, ventral tegmental area (VTA), central gray, pedunculopontine area (PPTg), parabrachial nucleus, and locus coeruleus. Among the forebrain structures showing a greater density of labeled neurons ipsilateral to the stimulating …
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Food intake in birds: hypothalamic mechanisms
… the lateral hypothalamus, paraventricular nucleus, ventromedial hypothalamus, dorsomedial nucleus, and arcuate nucleus and I measured gene expression of various appetite-associated factors in the whole hypothalamus and individual nuclei. These data provided information about the regions of …
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Molecular and cellular mechanisms of energy homeostasis in birds
… and DNA methyltransferase activity in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus in LWS. Moreover, there was decreased binding to methyl-CpG-binding domain protein 2 in the promoter of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) because of hypomethylation in one CpG site at its core binding site in …
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Role of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in hypothalamic nuclear development
… of three of these cell groups, the ventromedial nucleus (VMN), the paraventricular nucleus (PVN), and the arcuate nucleus (ARC). The VMN and PVN have a unique pattern of GABA expression in elements surrounding the nuclei, with a void of GABA within the region of the developing nuclei. The ARC, on …
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Identification and Delineation of Neuronal Pathways Underlying Hypophagia
… belief in the field. We demonstrated that the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus (ARC) agouti-related protein (AgRP) neurons are not essential for maintaining body weight in mice. Specifically, I found that the near-ablation of AgRP neurons had no impact on <em>ad libitum</em> food intake and …
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Oligodendrocytes of the adult median eminence
… remodelling of the ME, resulting in increased ME-arcuate nucleus (ARC) barrier permeability. Exploring potential mechanisms regulating OL lineage plasticity revealed that myelin debris generated during myelin turnover recruits immune cells to the ME, which are required for ongoing OL plasticity …
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Molecular characterization in human neurons of genes associated with the control of bodyweight and feeding behaviour
… AgRP and POMC neurons in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus show reciprocal response to feeding and fasting cues, so it can be speculated that reciprocally regulated genes in these neurons could have a role in regulating food intake and body-weight. Thus, in the first part of my thesis, we …
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