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Showing 1 to 19 of 19 for “"adenylyl cyclase (AC)"”.
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Structure and dynamics of soluble guanylyl cyclase
Soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) is one of the key enzymes involved in many fundamental biological processes including vasodilatation. It can be allosterically activated by synthetic compound such as YC-l. Recently, the 3D structure of adenylyl cyclase (AC), which is a homologue of sGC, was …
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Adenylyl Cyclase 2 Selectively Regulates IL-6 Expression in Human Bronchial Smooth Muscle Cells
<p>Adenylyl cyclase (AC) catalyzes the formation of the ubiquitous second messenger cAMP. AC isoforms differ in their tissue distribution, cellular localization, regulation, and protein interactions, and most cells express multiple isoforms. We hypothesized that cAMP produced by different AC …
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Funktionelle Bedeutung der Nukleosid Diphosphat Kinase für die G Protein-vermittelte Signaltransduktion des Herzens unter Berücksichtigung pathogener Veränderungen bei der Herzinsuffizienz
… von G-Proteinen und deren Effektoren nachzuweisen und ihre Rolle in der Herzinsuffizienz zu untersuchen. Dazu wurden immortalisierte neonatale Rattenherzmuskelzellen mit NDPK stabil transfiziert. Die Zellklone zeigten eine bis zu 2.7-fach erhöhte NDPK-Expression ohne Einfluss auf die …
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Alterations In The Mouse Striatum Following Acute And Repeated Ethanol Exposure
<p>Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is an important neuromodulator that has implicated in regard to several neurological disorders, including alcohol addiction. BDNF is also an important modulator of dopamine (DA), a neurotransmitter that is heavily implicated in addiction with one of the …
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Characterization of Selective Inhibition of Adenylyl Cyclase Activity By Small Molecule Inhibitor Nky80
<p>The nine membrane-bound isoforms of adenylyl cyclase (AC), via synthesis of the signaling molecule cyclic AMP (cAMP), are involved in many isoform specific physiological functions. Decreasing AC5 activity has been shown to have potential therapeutic benefit, including reduced stress on the …
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IS BRAIN CHOLESTEROL THE MISSING CULPRIT IN DRUG ADDICTION?
… raft microdomains. GPCRs and their interactinG-proteins are localized in lipid rafts or non-lipid rafts in a receptor-dependent manner. Depletion of cholesterol disrupts certain GPCR function. This study investigates the effects of amphetamine (AMPH) self-administration on cholesterol …
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Adenylyl Cyclase Type 9: Regulation and Cardiac Function
<p>Abnormalities in cardiac stress signaling underlie a number of cardiovascular diseases (e.g. arrhythmias and heart failure). Cardiac stress signaling pathways normally integrate signals from the sympathetic nervous system to promote efficient contraction and relaxation under stress. Sympathetic …
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Isoform Selective Regulation of Adenylyl Cyclase By Small Molecule Inhibitors and Gbetagamma Protein
<p>The nine membrane-bound isoforms of adenylyl cyclase (AC), via synthesis of the signaling molecule cyclic AMP (cAMP), are involved in many isoform specific physiological functions. All nine isoforms share a similar structural organization; thus, AC isoform differences in physiological function …
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Structure Activity Relationships for Intracellular Loop 2 of the 5HT1A Serotonin Receptor
<p>Hall, Brian, Ph.D., May 2008 Pharmacology/Pharmaceutical Sciences</p> <p> Structure Activity Relationships for Intracellular Loop 2 of the 5HT1A Serotonin Receptor</p> <p>Chairperson: Dr. Keith Parker </p> <p> The human (H) serotonin (5-hydroxytrptamine; 5HT) 1a receptor (R) has been implicated …
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Structure Activity Relationships for Intracellular Loop 2 of the 5HT1A Serotonin Receptor
<p>Hall, Brian, Ph.D., May 2008 Pharmacology/Pharmaceutical Sciences</p> <p> Structure Activity Relationships for Intracellular Loop 2 of the 5HT1A Serotonin Receptor</p> <p>Chairperson: Dr. Keith Parker </p> <p> The human (H) serotonin (5-hydroxytrptamine; 5HT) 1a receptor (R) has been implicated …
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Role of an Adenylyl Cyclase Isoform in Alcohol's Effect on Cyclic AMP Regulated Gene Expression in Mammalian Cells
… has demonstrated that ethanol enhances the activity of adenylyl cyclase (AC) in an isoform-specific manner; type 7 AC (AC7) is most enhanced by ethanol. Therefore, we hypothesize that the AC isoform expressed in the cells will play a role in ethanol’s effects on cAMP regulated gene …
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Novel Modulation of Adenylyl Cyclase Type 2
<p>Adenylyl cyclase isoforms are distinctly modulated by G protein subunits and are therefore hypothesized to be uniquely regulated by proteins that influence G protein signaling. Activator of G protein signaling 3 (AGS3) is a G protein modulator that binds Gαi subunits in the GDP-bound state, …
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The regulation of the CAMP signalling pathway in the human pathogenic fungus, Paracoccidioides brasiliensis
Paracoccioides brasiliensis (Pb) is the causative agent of the disease Paracoccioidomycosis (PCM), which is one of the most prevalent systemic mycoses in Latin Amercia (Borges-Walmsley et al., 2002). P. brasiliensis is a thermally dimorphic fungus which undergoes morphological changes from a …
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Efeito relaxante de derivados N-sulfonilidrazônicos do rolipram em traqueia de cobaia : investigação do mecanismo de ação do LASSBio-1846
… on physiological conditions, the guinea - pig trachea model was selected. Thus, the present study aimed to assess a possible relaxant action of a new series from rolipram, a PDE4 inhibitor, as well as elucidate the mechanism of action of the more potent derivative. Therefore, from guinea - pigs …
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Modulation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signalling and its therapeutic potential: pharmacological characterisation of PDE inhibitors
The alteration of intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels plays important regulatory roles in both physiological and pathological conditions, such as cancer. As the most aggressive form of brain tumour, glioblastoma is currently incurable due to limited treatment modalities. Low …
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The mechanisms of aquaporin expression and translocation in cerebral pathologies
… bidirectional water and solute transport across biological membranes and are essential for maintaining cellular integrity. In humans, the AQP family consists of 13 established members (AQP0-12). AQPs 1, 3, 4, 5, 8, and 9 are collectively known as "cerebral AQPs" as they are known to be …
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Signalling to intracellular Ca2+ channels
… secrete insulin in response to glucose, to characterise the contribution of RyR to Ca$^{2+}$ entry and release. KCl-evoked Ca$^{2+}$ entry in INS-1E cells was mediated by L-type Ca$^{2+}$ channels. Both caffeine and carbachol evoked Ca$^{2+}$ entry and release. Caffeine-evoked Ca$^{2+}$ entry …
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The CFTR (Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator) Channel: Anion Permeation, and Regulation by Adenylyl Cyclase and ATP Hydrolysis
… assay of cAMP levels, we examined the interaction of the adenylyl cyclase (AC) modulators forskolin (Fsk), and the GTP-binding proteins G<sub>s</sub> and G<sub>i</sub>. In the presence of GTP, maximal activation of G<sub>i</sub> using the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor agonist carbachol …
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Molecular Substrates And Neuronal Network Subserving Audiogenic Kindling In Genetically Epilepsy-Prone Rats
… audiogenic seizures (AGS) in response to intense acoustic stimulation. Several lines of evidence indicate that the neuronal network of AGS is primarily localized in the brainstem in GEPR-9s. The audiogenic seizure kindling (AGS kindling) process involves periodically repeated induction of AGS. In …