Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 106 for “"adaptive immune system"”.
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PHARMACOLOGICAL MODULATION OF THE ADAPTIVE IMMUNE SYSTEM IN ISCHAEMIC HEART DISEASE
… Regulatory T (Treg) cells are a subset of the adaptive immune system involved in immune tolerance. Animal models show that increasing Treg cell numbers in atherosclerosis can limit disease progression. Several small clinical studies have used low dose interleukin-2 (ld-IL-2) to increase Treg …
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Statistical physics of T cell receptor development and antigen specificity
Higher organisms, such as humans, have an adaptive immune system that usually enables them to successfully combat diverse (and evolving) microbial pathogens. The adaptive immune system is not preprogrammed to respond to prescribed pathogens, yet it mounts pathogen-specific responses against diverse …
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High-throughput methods for characterizing the immune repertoire
The adaptive immune system is one of the primary mediators in almost every major human disease, including infections, cancer, autoimmunity, and inflammation-based disorders. It fundamentally functions as a molecular classifier, and stores a memory of its previous exposures. However, until recently, …
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Molecular and functional analysis of the tumour antigen T21
… to target tumour cells by stimulating the body’s adaptive immune system. To achieve this objective, it is important to identify and study antigens that are distinctively expressed in cancer and can be used effectively to initiate or enhance immune responses. T21 (Testis clone 21) was identified as …
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The transcriptional programme of natural killer (NK) cell functional maturation and maintenance
Natural killer (NK) cells are critical to immune surveillance against infections and cancer. Their role in immune surveillance requires that NK cells are present within tissues in a quiescent state. The functional maturation of NK cells is a tightly regulated process which is controlled by …
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Quantitative analysis of the T cell receptor signaling network in response to altered peptide ligands
Understanding the adaptive immune system poses a great conceptual challenge. It has evolved to respond to foreign invaders with exquisite sensitivity and selectivity. In particular, the T cell branch of the immune system is trained to distinguish between self and non-self. This requires that a …
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Stochastic gene expression during lineage specification of single T helper lymphocytes
The adaptive immune system is an extraordinarily diverse inventory comprised of highly specialized cells, the differentiation of which requires numerous lineage specifications at various developmental stages. The precise control of immune cell differentiation and the delicate balance of their …
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ELUCIDATING REGULATORY NETWORKS PROMOTING B-CELL DEVELOPMENT
B-cells are an essential part of our adaptive immune system. A network of transcription factors together with external signals facilitate the gradual developmental progression from progenitor cells towards the B-cell fate. Several key factors participating in this network have been identified. …
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Design, synthesis, and evaluation of release kinetics of novel LFA-1 and TLR-4 inhibitor prodrugs for localized immunomodulation.
… experience graft rejection due to acute immune responses of the innate and adaptive immune systems. Traditionally, systemic immunosuppression has been used to mitigate these immune responses against the graft, however this can lead to systemic toxicity and leave the recipient vulnerable …
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Decipher in situ signaling and complex genetics with cellular recording and combinatorial perturbations
… Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)-associated (Cas) system from prokaryotic adaptive immune system demonstrated unprecedented genome editing efficiency and programmability in sequence specific genome editing of mammalian cells. In this thesis, I utilized the CRISPR-Cas system to construct a …
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CRISPR3 Regulates Exopolysaccharide Production in Myxococcus xanthus
… Repeats (CRISPR) on its chromosome. CRISPR systems, which function as an adaptive immune system in prokaryotes, are classified into three types based on CRISPR-associated genes. Evidence suggests that these three types mediate immunity slightly differently. M. xanthus CRISPR1 and CRISPR2 are …
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Mechanisms of bacterial CRISPR immunity and a phage counter-defense
… attacks, bacteria developed multiple defense systems. One critical line of defense is the adaptive immune system CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats). Upon infection, the bacterial host uptakes a genetic memory from the bacteriophage to incorporate into its …
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MicroRNA and Epigenetic Controls of CD4+ T cells' Activation, Differentiation and Maintenance
<p>As a major component of the adaptive immune system, CD4+ T cells play a vital role in host defense and immune tolerance. The potency and accuracy of CD4+ T cell-mediated protection lie in their ability to differentiate into distinct subsets that could carry out unique duties. In this …
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On Immunological Imprinting
… memory is considered the hallmark of the adaptive immune system, where primary exposure to an antigen establishes a population of memory cells capable of responding to future encounters to the same antigen with increased speed and magnitude. For rapidly mutating respiratory pathogens such …
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The role of Hedgehog signalling in T cell effector function
… CD4+ T cells are critical effector cells of the immune system. CD8+ T cells specifically recognise and kill virally-infected and malignant cells. Mature naïve CD4+ T cells can polarise in the periphery into various lineages that orchestrate immune programmes in response to a variety of challenges …
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Discovery of novel CRISPR enzymes for transcriptome engineering and human health
… RNA are limited. Recently, the bacterial adaptive immune system, CRISPR, has revolutionized our ability to manipulate DNA, but no known RNA-targeting versions exist. To discover parallel bacterial RNA-targeting systems that could be used for transcriptome engineering, we developed a …
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Discovery of Anti-CD47 Peptides for Cancer Immunotherapy and CD47-mimicking Peptides That Inhibit Phagocytic Clearance of Nanoparticles
… as a standard pillar of cancer treatment. Immune checkpoint inhibitors that are currently available target the adaptive immune system, generating T-cell antitumor responses. As critical innate immune cells, macrophages play important roles in homeostasis, preventing pathogen invasion, …
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Role of the CTLA-4 receptor in regulatory T cell development, homeostasis and function
… can occur when self-reactive lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system are activated upon encounter with antigen. This can lead to the development of debilitating and potentially life-threatening autoimmune diseases such as type-1 diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis. Regulatory …
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Mechanistic insights into how collective effects mediate the T cell response
T cells play an important role in the adaptive immune system by providing robust responses to foreign pathogens while avoiding widespread autoimmunity. Although many specific microscopic factors are thought to contribute to this self/non-self discrimination, based on a theoretical paper and …
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An integrated CRISPR-Cas toolkit for engineering human cells
… Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)-associated (Cas) system is a prokaryotic adaptive immune system that confers resistance to foreign genetic elements including plasmids and phages. Very recently, a two-component CRISPR-Cas technology from Streptococcus Pyogenes comprising of the RNA-guided DNA …
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