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Showing 1 to 20 of 255 for “"actin cytoskeleton"”.
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Morphology and Mechanics of the Actin Cytoskeleton
… form and mechanics of part of the cellular cytoskeleton known as the lamellipodium. The cellular cytoskeleton is made of filamentous proteins, such as F-actin, and provides for structural support for the cell. Lamellipodia are extensions of the cellular cytoskeleton at the leading edge of a …
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Simulation of actin cytoskeleton structure and rheology
Structures consisting of G-actin or other filament-forming monomers show a variety of morphologies with widely different properties in regard to pore size, degree of isotropy, and extent of cross-linking. These characteristics are primarily determined by the concentration and feature of proteins …
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P21- ACTIVATED KINASE 4 AND ACTIN CYTOSKELETON DYNAMICS
… THE GROUP II PAK FAMILY KINASES, IS ONE OF MANY ACTIN DYNAMICS REGULATORS THAT CONTROL THE FORMATION OF ACTIN-RICH STRUCTURES SUCH AS FILOPODIA IN MAMMALIAN CELLS. PAK4 PHOSPHORYLATES LIM KINASE (LIMK), WHICH IN TURN, PHOSPHORYLATES THE ACTIN DEPOLYMERISATION FACTOR, COFILIN. COFILIN …
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Mechanisms of Regulation of Mitochondrial Dynamics by the Actin Cytoskeleton
… of regulation of mitochondrial dynamics by the actin cytoskeleton. First, we examined actin’s influence over equivalent mitochondrial partitioning between daughter cells in mitosis. Propagating in the space surrounding mitochondria is a wave of actin polymerization and depolymerization. In …
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Regulation of the actin cytoskeleton in the neuronal growth cone
… singling pathways leads to changes in the cytoskeleton of the growth cone that affect its motility. Although a number of the key players in this system have been identified, the means by which the growth cone is able to directly rearrange its cytoskeleton in response to guidance cues is not …
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Frazzled And Abelson Interact To Regulate The Actin Cytoskeleton In Drosophila
… by directly or indirectly modulating the cytoskeleton. Fra is particularly needed for the formation of the posterior commissures in a developing Drosophila embryo. The cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase, Abelson Kinase (Abl) enhances the loss of commissures observed in fra mutant. Abl physically …
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The cross-linking mechanism of filamin A in the actin cytoskeleton
… of entangled filamentous proteins termed the cytoskeleton. Like scaffolding, the cytoskeleton provides rigidity and resistance to deformation from forces transmitted to and from the cell membrane. In order to model the mechanics of the cytoskeleton, the interaction of individual structural …
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Mena 11a-isoform specific regulation of actin cytoskeleton organization and cell behavior
EnaNASP proteins are a conserved family of actin regulatory proteins that modulate cell motility and morphology by altering actin dynamics. Mena, an EnaNASP protein, is alternatively spliced, producing protein isoforms with distinct functions. Here, we characterize the expression, function, and …
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Targeting the actin cytoskeleton in HER2+ metastatic cancer cells using a macrolide toxin
… rearrangements that produce filamentous actin (F-actin) based structures that penetrate and degrade extracellular matrix to facilitate tumour invasion. Advancements in targeted therapy have made F-actin an attractive target for the development of new cancer therapies. In this thesis, we …
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HIV-1 Envelope-Induced Signaling Mediates Actin Cytoskeleton Rearrangements Necessary for Fusion and Entry
… primary receptor CD4. This interaction promotes actin cytoskeletal rearrangements in the target membrane that bring the chemokine coreceptor, CCR5 or CXCR4, into close proximity for binding and induces conformational changes in gp120 that allow it to couple to the coreceptor. Formation of the …
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RAC1-Mediated Actin Cytoskeleton Remodeling and Monolayer Barrier Properties of Stretched Alveolar Epithelial Cells
… (TJ) which are anchored internally to the actin cytoskeleton. Our goal was to evaluate the effect of physiologically relevant, high magnitude biaxial stretch on the actin cytoskeleton, a principal regulator of monolayer barrier properties, as a foundation to develop strategies to reduce …
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The S. cerevisiae calponin homologue SCP1 regulates stability and organization of the actin cytoskeleton
… transgelins are members of a conserved family of actin-associated proteins widely expressed from yeast to humans. While a role for calponin in muscle cells has been described, the biochemical activities and in vivo functions of non-muscle calponins and transgelins are largely unknown. I have used …
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Influence of rearrangement of actin cytoskeleton on the overall material properties of ATDC5 cells during chondrogenesis
… in 3D for 12 days and fluorescent images of the actin cytoskeletal structure of the cells were obtained. A major reorientation of the cytoskeletal structure (from stress-fiber to punctate appearance) was observed. This data was then used to construct a Finite Element model of cell. The cell was …
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Intracellular pH, the Proximate Signal for Cell Volume Changes that are Mediated by the Actin Cytoskeleton
… return to baseline levels. Treating TRCs with cytoskeleton inhibitors, phalloidin and cytochalasin, before acidic stimulation did not affect TRC pHi, but did result in an altered TRC volume change. I conclude that a decrease in TRC pHi induces cell shrinkage via the actin cytoskeleton. Cell …
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Regulatio of actin cytoskeleton by TIS21 vi downregulating reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the doxorubicin-induced premature senescenc
… response to doxorubicin treatment along with F-actin distribution in HDF cells, suggesting doxorubicin induced senescence phenotypes. However, TIS21 over expression reduced the phenotypes characterized by the morphological change, SA-β-galstaining, F-actin re-distribution and ROS generations …
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<i>Dictyostelium discoideum</i> Protein Kinase C-orthologue <i>pkcA</i> Regulates the Actin Cytoskeleton through Interaction with Phospholipase D and p21-activated Kinase
<p>Proper regulation of the actin cytoskeleton is crucial to many cellular processes. Many of these processes are regulated by extracellular signaling cues, which direct changes in the actin cytoskeleton, resulting in changes to cellular morphology, and directed motility. The social amoeba, …
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Influence of the cell wall on the organisation and dynamics of intracellular components in Arabidopsis Thaliana
… to quantify the organisation and dynamics of the actin cytoskeleton and to determine if and how it was affected when the connection between the cell wall and plasma membrane was disturbed. Two image analysis techniques were developed to measure the dynamic remodelling of the actin cytoskeleton: …
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Modulation of TGFβ-Induced PAI -1 Expression by Changes in Actin Polymerization in Human Mesangial Cells
… myofibroblast differentiation (α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and hypertrophy) are associated with an increase in polymeric actin microfilaments (stress fibers). It is likely that other genes are also regulated in an actin cytoskeleton-dependent manner during myofibroblast differentiation. In …
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Functional analysis of syp1, a novel substrate of the serine/threonine kinase prk1
In budding yeast, the actin and septin cytoskeletons are important for the establishment of cell polarity. During the cell cycle, these cytoskeletons undergo dramatic reorganization which is regulated by many cytoskeleton-associated proteins. In this study, Syp1p has been found to have functional …
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The SAC1p, an integral membrane protein involved in secretory pathway function and actin function in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
… results in the selective growth of the bud. The actin cytoskeleton has been implicated as the mediator of the polarized mode of yeast cell growth. The filamentous actin cytoskeleton consists of two structures, asymmetrically-arranged cortical patches and cables which are aligned along the mother …
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