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Showing 1 to 6 of 6 for “"White Layer"”.
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Sucrose reduction in white layer cake
… evaluated the effect of replacing sucrose in white layer cakes with polydextrose and two artificial sweeteners: sucralose and stevia extract. White layer cakes were made using AACCI Method 10-90.01. Batter properties were evaluated by measuring specific gravity. Volume index was measured using …
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Evaluation of a Maltodextrin Gel as a Partial Replacement for Fat in a High-Ratio White-Layer Cake Formulation
… each treatment, were evaluated in a high-ratio white-layer cake formulation. Two controls were used to compare to fat-replaced cakes: control A (100% fat with 100% sucrose) and control B (100% fat with 50% sucrose/50% HFCS-90), which closely matched the sugar system of the fat-replaced cakes. …
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Nitriding of aluminium-containing steels
… the gas mixture. The formation of the carburized layer depends on the internal compressive stress of nitrided layer. The size of the carbides is an impörtant factor in the formation of this layer. Larger: carbides are more stable and less likely to dissolve during nitriding. In bulk specimens, …
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The unlubricated sliding wear behaviour of austempered ductile irons
… film together with the formation of a hardened white layer. The development of the work hardened layer is linked to the high carbon in the matrix of these irons. The work hardened layer leads to a similar wear rate prevailing for all irons austempered from a specific parent iron. The synergism …
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Processing-surface integrity-fatigue relationship in electrical discharge machining of nitinol shape memory alloy
… compositions, and mechanical properties of white layer and reveal the relationship between microstructure and properties of white layers of EDMed Nitinol. (4) Determine the effect of surface integrity on fatigue performance of EDMed Nitinol components. (5) Create a 3-dimensional finite …
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Nanostructural Evolution of Hard Turning Layers in Carburized Steel
… machining is known to induce severely deformed layers causing dramatic microstructural transformations. These transformations occur via grain refinement or thermal phenomena depending upon cutting conditions. The aim of this work is to engineer the near surface nanoscale structure and properties …