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Showing 1 to 20 of 32 for “"Voltage sensor"”.
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Integrated optics pockels cell high voltage sensor
… cell, to be used for the measurement of high voltage in power transmission systems, is described. The operation of the sensor is based on the electro-optic effect in lithium niobate. The sensing head consists of a waveguide formed by diffusing a strip of titanium in a y-cut lithium niobate …
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Electrostatic Interactions in the Voltage Sensor of Kv7.1 and Iks Channels
… sudden death. The IKs channel consists of the voltage gated potassium channel Kv7.1 coassembled with the single transmembrane auxiliary peptide KCNE1. Although Kv7.1 forms a functional channel, the properties of Kv7.1 are profoundly modulated by KCNE1. Kv7.1, like all voltage gated potassium …
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Structural Characterization of the C-terminus of the Cochlear Motor Protein Prestin: Intrinsic Disorder Linked to Voltage Sensor Function
… the lateral wall of the OHCs. Prestin undergoes voltage-dependent conformational changes, which correlates to the movement of charge through the membrane or non-linear capacitance (NLC). This property underlies OHC electromotility. A mechanistic understanding of prestin’s function remains …
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The Structural and Functional Analysis of a Voltage-Dependent Potassium Channel
<p>Voltage-dependent ion channels are finely tuned to open and allow ion conduction in response to changes in the membrane voltage, a function that lies at the heart of nerve impulse generation and propagation. These channels contain transmembrane voltage-sensing domains that contain highly …
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Characterization of cardiac IKs channel gating using voltage clamp fluorometry
Voltage-gated ion channels make up a superfamily of membrane proteins involved in selectively or non-selectively conducting charged ions, which can carry current in and out of cells, in response to changes in membrane voltage. Currents carried by ion channels influence the voltage across the cell …
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Automatic sensor fault diagnosis and controller reconfiguration for induction motor drives sensor fault-tolerance
… motor (IM) drives normally incorporates position sensor, phase current sensors, de-link voltage sensor and de-link current sensor. In this research, a sensor fault-diagnosis and fault-tolerance scheme for IM drives is presented that will allow IM drive system to operate properly in the event of …
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Functional and Structural Studies of the Human Voltage-Gated Proton Channel
<p>The activity of voltage-gated cation channels underlies the action potentials that allow for neuronal signaling and muscle contraction. The canonical family of voltage-gated K<sup>+</sup>, Na<sup>+</sup> and Ca<sup>2+</sup> channels has been the subject of extensive electrophysiological, …
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Lipid Chemistry and Mechanical State of the Membrane Modulate Ion Channel Function
<p>My research focused on voltage-dependent K<sup>+</sup> (Kv) channels. Kv channels serve many different functions in different cells, but most notably underlie action potentials in electrically excitable cells, such as neurons and muscle (Hodgkin and Huxley, 1952, 1945). Kv channel gating is …
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The structure of a voltage gated potassium channel
Voltage gated potassium channels (Kv channels) are tetrameric ion channels, responsible for regulating the potassium component of the membrane potential in a large range of cell types ranging from mammalian excitable cells to bacteria. Attempts have been made to elucidate the structure of voltage …
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Development of a platform for sensing cellular electrical activity using nitrogen vacancy centers in nanodiamonds
… that the NV center could be used as an optical sensor for electrophysiology. In this thesis, a platform to evaluate the utility of the NV center for voltage sensing is established. First, an electrophysiology setup is built and characterized on HEK293 cells. The setup adds functionality to a …
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Computational Studies of the Concealed Gating Pathways and Electrophysiological Function of the Human Cardiac IKs Channel
… gating charge displacement at positive membrane voltages, two-step voltage sensor movement shown by fluorescence, ion-channel statistics, and current-voltage</p><p>relationships. Additionally, ligand modulation (by PIP2) of IKs and its role in cardiac action potential duration shortening during …
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DNA Origami Structures for Artificial Light-Harvesting and Optical Voltage Sensing
… developing novel light-harvesting and optical voltage sensing nano-devices. We use the programmable positioning of dye molecules on a DNA origami plate as a mimic of a light-harvesting antenna complex required for photosynthesis. Such a structure allows us to systematically analyse optimal …
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Advanced control architectures for grid connected and standalone converter systems
… systems applicable for ac microgrids.</p><p>Two voltage sensorless control architectures, one for stand-alone applications and the other for grid-connected application are established in this thesis. The output voltage of a standalone single-phase inverter is controlled directly by controlling …
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Smart control architecture for microgrid application
… architecture during a contingency that the grid voltage sensor fails. In this work an internal model based grid voltage estimation architecture has been proposed which successfully estimates the grid voltage and controls the grid current. The last work shows a methodology to optimally utilize a …
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An Investigation of Micro-Hydro Power Generator Characteristics
… variable flow correlation between the MHPGs voltage and current at the maximum power point, which coincides with 50% Voc and 50% of Isc. A novel heuristic model for hydroelectric power generator is then derived and validated through MATLAB-Simulink simulation. In pursuit of MHPG maximum …
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Voltage Sensing Mechanism in the Voltage-gated and Proton (H+)-selective Ion Channel Hv1
… by which changes in ΔpH affect the apparent voltage dependence of GAQ activation is not understood. In order to measure voltage sensor (VS) activation in Hv1, we mutated a conserved Arg residue in the fourth helical segment (S4) to His and measured H+ currents under whole-cell voltage clamp …
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Discovery and Characterization of Genes Involved in Muscle Calcium Handling
… a muscle fiber becomes electrically excited, a voltage sensor in the membrane, called the dihydropyridine receptor (DHPR), becomes activated and signals to the calcium release channel located in the membrane of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), called the ryanodine receptor (RyR). When the RyR …
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Mapping Ligand Binding Sites in hERG1 Channel with Biomolecular Simulations
… intracellular cavity, lipid phasing domains, and voltage sensor domains. Our SILCS- Hotspots model showed the existence of two distinct regions inside the IC in agreement with the previously proposed “deep” and “shallow” binding pockets in this region. Finally, using the optimized SILCS …
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Synthesis of Nanocrystal Quantum Dots with Enhanced Photoluminescence for Luminescent Optoelectronics
… quantum dots were synthesised for a novel voltage probe. Their stability under electrolytic environments and strong response to applied electric fields was demonstrated for a biological voltage sensor. PbS quantum dots were synthesised using a commercially-available microfluidic flow …
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Modular Photovoltaic (PV) Step-up Converter With A Coupled Power Balancing Scheme for DC-Distributed System
… conversion system typically consists of a medium voltage (MV) grid that collects power from individual PV arrays. In a MV Direct Current (DC) distributed grid architecture, since the output voltage of the PV array is significantly lower than the voltage level of medium voltage grid (such as tens …
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