Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 53 for “"Viral suppression"”.
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Plasma concentrations of nelfinavir and viral suppression in HIV-1 infected pregnant women
BACKGROUND: Highly active antiretroviral therapy(HAART) is used in pregnancy to suppress viral load(pVL) before delivery, reducing risk of vertical HIV-transmission. Nelfinavir(NFV) containing HAART has been highly used in pregnancy, but dosages may be inadequate due to the physiologic changes that …
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HIV Status Disclosure, Stigma and Viral Suppression among Adolescents and Young Adults Living With HIV
Introduction: Viral suppression remains the gold standard in determining success in HIV treatment. Adolescents and young adults with HIV (AYHIV) have poorer adherence and viral suppression than adults. Several factors have been associated with viral non-suppression among AYHIV through their …
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A copula approach to sample selection modeling of treatment adherence and viral suppression among HIV patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Namibia
… the 90-90-90 strategy on testing, treatment and suppression has not been evaluated. Moreover, examining factors associated with treatment adherence and viral suppression will assist in designing appropriate accelerated interventions. However, modelling treatment adherence and viral suppression …
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Patterns of mobility, and the effect of mobility on viral suppression and retention among postpartum women living with HIV in South Africa
… of mobility, and explore associations with viral suppression and retention in the postpartum period. Methods: This study used data from a prospective cohort study that enrolled women who initiated life-long antiretroviral therapy (ART) during their pregnancy in Gugulethu, Cape Town (March …
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A Retrospective Cohort Study comparing Retention and Viral suppression between Co-morbidity Adherence Clubs and HIV-Only Adherence Clubs in Cape Town, South Africa
… factors, including both the successful Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) programme (which has increased the life-expectancy of those with HIV) and the increasing prevalence of NCDs (due to an aging population, lifestyle changes and urbanisation). This co-morbid population has been shown have poor …
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Antiretroviral Treatment as Prevention in African HIV-1 Serodiscordant Couples: Understanding the Challenges and Opportunities
… examine the relationship between use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and biologic and behavioral factors related to HIV-1 transmission risk in stable heterosexual HIV-1 serodiscordant African couples. ART is recommended for all HIV-1 infected persons, regardless of CD4 count, to reduce HIV-1 …
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SOCIAL SUPPORT AND HIV/AIDS IN RURAL AMERICA: THE ROLE OF SOCIAL RELATIONS IN OPTIMIZING CARE FOR PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS.
… in order to remain in care, and reduce their viral suppression, and other disease complications. Without support, the likelihood that PLHA will refrain from or drop out of treatment options is gravely heightened, which consequently poses a significant threat for efforts to eliminate HIV as a …
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Universal antiretroviral therapy (ART) for infants and young children living with HIV: assessing the effect of guideline changes on ART initiation characteristics and treatment outcomes in resource-limited settings
… HIV treatment towards universal antiretroviral therapy (ART) allowing for immediate initiation of ART, regardless of clinical or immunologic status initially for infants, and subsequently for progressively older, and ultimately all children. Given the scale-up of early infant diagnosis …
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Optimizing Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy among Adolescents Living with HIV in Low and Middle-Income Settings
… meet the 2030 global targets. Despite antiretroviral therapy (ART) playing a crucial role in controlling HIV, ALHIV have poor ART adherence and subsequently face low levels of viral suppression, which calls for more efforts towards reversing the trends among ALHIV. However, the ALHIV (10 – 19 …
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Combating HIV-1 by Targeting Drug Efflux Transporters on the Macrophage Reservoir
… can reside and replicate even under antiretroviral drug therapy (ART). Infected macrophages, which represent a long-term viral reservoir have been shown to lead to viral rebound independently. In response to the environmental stimuli, macrophages can be polarized into different phenotypes: the …
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Short-term outcomes of downreferral in provision of paediatric antiretroviral therapy at Red Cross War Memorial Childrens Hospital, Cape Town
… of many children receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) from Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital (RCWMCH). No published data exists on the outcomes of these children. Objectives: To assess clinical, immunological and virological outcomes of children receiving ART in the first …
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The ARV Treatment Adherence Model: A Qualitative Study on Antiretroviral (ARV) Treatment Adherence for People Living with HIV
<p>Adherence to antiretroviral (ARV) treatment improves life expectancy and other health outcomes for people living with HIV (PLWH). It also minimizes their risk of transmitting HIV through sexual contact and is therefore a form of HIV prevention. However, many PLWH, specifically low-income PLWH of …
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Pharmacogenetics of Efavirenz response in Bantu-speaking South African HIV/AIDS patients
Efavirenz (EFV) is used in first-line antiretroviral (ARV) therapy of HIV-infected patients, and is principally metabolised by CYP1A2, CYP2A6, CYP2B6, CYP3A4/5 and the drug transporter ABCB1. Genetic variability in the above genes may contribute to differences in EFV plasma concentrations which …
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Informing the treatment and prevention response for HIV among people who inject drugs: a case study of South Africa
… review and meta-analysis to quantify HIV viral suppression among PWID and compare outcomes with other population groups. I find that PWID living with HIV and those on antiretroviral therapy (ART) have 46-86% lower viral suppression than the general population and men who have sex with men. …
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To Stop or Not to Stop: Response After Nucleos(t)ide Analogue Withdrawal Among Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B
… analogues (NAs) are highly effective in viral suppression however, most patients require lifelong treatment, and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss, or “functional cure” is rare on therapy. NA withdrawal results in higher rates of HBsAg loss but remains controversial because of the …
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A Novel Elvitegravir Nanoformulation for Drug Delivery Across the Blood-Brain Barrier to Suppress HIV-1 in Macrophages and Microglia
Over the last two decades, the use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has remarkably decreased the morbidity associated with HIV-1 infection. However, the prevalence of HIV-1-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) is still increasing. The appearance and persistence of HAND are partially due to the …
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Assessing the effectiveness of integrated non-communicable disease and antiretroviral adherence clubs in Cape Town, South Africa
… 2016. Median adherence proportions, HIV viral suppression and retention rates were calculated at 12 months before and after IC enrolment. Rates for achieving targets for blood pressure and glycosylated haemoglobin were determined at 12 months prior, at IC enrolment and at 12 months post …
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ART adherence trajectories and correlates of treatment outcomes among adolescents in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa
Background: Sustained adherence to antiretroviral treatment (ART) is essential for viral suppression among adolescents living with HIV. In turn, suppressed viral load reduces the risk of onward transmission, HIV-related morbidity, and mortality, optimising overall health and well-being. Yet, …
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Intimate Partner Violence and HIV Outcomes Among Women Living with HIV in Durban, South Africa
… the co-primary outcome of retention in care and viral suppression in univariate (OR 2.32, 95% CI 1.04-5.18), but not in the multivariate model. In the context of rapid treatment scale-up, the high burden of IPV among WLHIV needs to be prioritized, with an emphasis on disclosure support.
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Hiv And Antiretrovirals In The Central Nervous System: Molecular Mechanisms Of Cognitive Impairment
… by up to 55% of HIV+ individuals despite viral suppression by combined antiretroviral therapy. Reasons for the persistence of this disease are unknown, but may be related to both the presence of HIV-infected macrophages in the central nervous system as well as neurotoxicity of …
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