Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 21 for “"Vasoactive intestinal peptide"”.
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Nanotechnology approaches for improvoved vasoactive intestinal peptide based-drug delivery systems
… order to improve the drug delivery of the neuropeptide vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). Two main questions have been addressed using VIP engineered NPs: 1. VIP functionalized gold NPs. In this case, VIP could act as a drug/diagnostic molecule for theranostic applications. 2. VIP …
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The Effects of Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide on Adrenal Steroid Hormone Secretion
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-immunoreactive nerve fibers have been demonstrated in the rat adrenal cortex in close association with zona glomerulosa cells (Holzwarth, 1984). We have studied the effects of VIP on steroid hormone secretion from the outer zones of the normal rat adrenal cortex. …
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Regulation of Thalamic Neuron Excitability and Intrathalamic Rhythms by Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide
… In Chapter 4, I describe experiments in which peptide histidine isoleucine (PHI), a closely related peptide to VIP, produces similar actions as VIP. In the chapter 5, I extended my findings regarding VIP actions to the visual thalamus, because my earlier work focused on somatosensory thalamus. …
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Clearance systems at brain borders
… and a novel genetically encoded sensor for vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), we found VIP+ interneurons facilitate glymphatic clearance by regulating arterial pulsatility. Our findings establish novel mechanisms to recruit the glymphatic system to remove brain amyloid.
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Investigation of the SCN 2.2 Cell Line as a Model of the Central Mammalian Circadian Pacemaker
… period 1 E-box (SCN 2.2.ebox-luc) and human vasoactive intestinal peptide (SCN2.2.vip-luc) promoters. Serumshocked stably transfected SCN 2.2 cell lines displayed near-24 hour rhythms. These rhythms were blocked by inhibition of cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG), a known element of several …
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Characterization of human IgA-inducing protein
… including CD40L, GM-CSF, and IL-4, and the neuropeptide vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). Under in vitro stimulation with VIP and CD40L, IGIP mRNA expression was up-regulated as much as thirty five-fold above non-stimulated samples within 12-48 hours. Naïve B cells cultured with exogenous …
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Factors influencing the responsiveness of human bronchi
… receptors, the effects of brain natriuretic peptide, the influence of lipopolysaccharide, the role of hyperglycemia, the activity of vasoactive intestinal peptide receptors and the influence of phosphodiesterase 3/4 enzymes and their interaction with both sympathetic ((32 mediated) and …
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Mechanisms associated with secretory and contractile responses in tissues and cells of the body in health and disease
… adrenergic and non-cholinergic, non-adrenergic (peptidergic) nerves. Stimulation of these intrinsic secretomotor nerves can result in the secretion of proteins and enzymes from the pancreas, the parotid and lacrimal glands. Exogenous application of either acetylcholine (ACh), noradrenaline (NA), …
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The role of VIP family members in diabetic retinopathy
… genes including inflammatory cytokines and vasoactive peptides, such as interleukin-1beta and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). To date, intravitreal injection of agents directed against VEGF represents the elective DR therapy. However, they counteract efficaciently ocular …
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Neuroimmune Interactions of Enteric Neurons and Mast Cells: Friends or Foes?
… were used to study neuronal survival. The intestinal segments exposed to I/R were structurally well preserved, however, local areas containing numerous mast cells were detected in the muscle layers, the serosa and in and around the myenteric ganglia 4-20 weeks post ischemia. Myenteric …
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Time of Day Influences on Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone Neurons
… it has been known since the 1920's that the decapeptide released by these neuroendocrine cells is the fundamental driver of ovulation in mammalian females, understanding the regulation of its release has been an arduous affair. Neural afferents from all regions of the brain project to these …
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Molecular and Pharmacological Characterization of the Rat RAMP2B Splice Variant
… including the calcitonin receptor (CTR), vasoactive intestinal peptide/pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide (VPAC) receptor 1, parathyroid hormone (PTH) receptor 1 and glucagon receptor. An adrenomedullin receptor (AM2) is also formed by the RAMP3 and CL complex. A partial …
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Molecular and Genetic Analysis of Neuropeptide Signalling in Mammalian Circadian Timekeeping
… in coherent output signals to the periphery. Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), a neuropeptide expressed in the retinorecipient ventrolateral region of the SCN, is vital to this circuit-level co-ordination by signalling to its cognate VPAC2 receptor. In addition, VIP is important for the …
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Salivary VIP concentrations are elevated in humans after acute stress
… this research was to evaluate two salivary neuropeptides in the context of the stress response. The research was focused first and foremost on evaluating the usefulness of salivary Neuropeptide Y (NPY) and salivary vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) as stress indicators. Secondly, we questioned …
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Modulation of Prefrontal Cortex activity and sociability by local interneurons expressing corticotropi-releasing hormone
… Further characterization revealed CrhINs express vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), a marker for the disinhibitory class of interneurons. These preliminary findings predict an elegant and multi-layered mechanism for CrhIN activation of prefrontal cortex, achieved through complementary GABAergic …
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Hirschsprung´s Disease & Gastroesophageal Reflux. Aspects on Two Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders in Childhood
Gastrointestinal motility disorders are common in childhood and in this thesis we look at two of them, i.e. Hirschsprung´s Disease (HD) and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in five different studies. HD is a congenital disease characterized by an abscence of ganglion cells in myenteric and …
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Neuroprotective effects of PACAP, VIP and NAP against hyperglycaemic retinal damage
… leads to altered expression patterns of neuropeptides, growth and transcription factors, apoptosis, increased oxidative stress, inflammatory response, angiogenesis and disruption of the blood-retinal barrier (BRB). All major cell types of the retina are affected: neuronal as well as the glial …
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Characterisation of PACAP-responsive receptor pharmacology and expression in cell models and the spinal cord
Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP) is a neuropeptide that is widely expressed and involved in several biological processes, including pain. PACAP exists in two biologically active forms; PACAP-27 and PACAP-38. PACAP is closely related to vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and …
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Exploring the role of Gastrin-Releasing Peptide Neurons in Circadian Time-Keeping of the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus
… and the intercellular network, in which neuropeptidergic signalling couples cell-autonomous rhythms across the SCN. One of several neuropeptidergic axes of the SCN is that formed by cells that express Gastrin-Releasing Peptide (GRP) and cells that express its cognate receptor (GRPR). Although …
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Sampling strategies for characterization of neuropeptides using mass spectrometry and functional implications into cell-cell signaling
… to discover and characterize mammalian brain peptides using small amount of tissues. The magnocellular neurons of rat supraoptic nucleus in tissue and cell culture served as the main model to study neuropeptides, in addition to hippocampal neurons and mouse embryonic pituitaries. The …
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