Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 79 for “"VTA"”.
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Long silicon microfluidic needles for VTA and in-vivo differential neurochemical measurement
This thesis presents the design, fabrication, and preliminary in vivo evaluation of long silicon microfluidic neural probes intended for high-resolution neurochemical sampling from deep brain nuclei such as the ventral tegmental area in mice. The work first analyzes stress-induced bending in …
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Role of the ventral tegmental area, cannabinoid receptors and GABA neurons in motor activity
… circuits, such as the ventral tegmental area (VTA), may offer important insights into modulation of behaviors associated with drug abuse. The VTA includes DA-containing and GABA-containing neurons which provide important forebrain control over the limbic system. The present series of studies …
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Studies of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors containing α4 and α6 subunits in nicotine-induced synaptic plasticity in brain reward areas
… the brain. nAChRs in ventral tegmental area (VTA) dopamine (DA) neurons are crucial for the rewarding and reinforcing properties of nicotine. Nicotine causes cellular changes in VTA DA neurons, including the enhancement of AMPA receptor (AMPAR) function. This enhancement sensitizes the VTA to …
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Examining cholinergic fuction in the ventral tegmental area and dorsal hippocampus
… neurons project from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) to the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and ventral striatum (NAc and OT) forming a key part of the well-defined mesocorticolimbic system, as well as the hippocampal-VTA loop. The mesocorticolimbic system, at least partly, mediates the rewarding effects …
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Nucleus accumbens dopamine and investigatory behavior : modulation by the ventral subiculum of the hippocampus through the dopamine cell bodies of the ventral tegmental area
… neurons of the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and glutamate containing neurons from the ventral subiculum (VS) of the hippocampus. VS projections to the NAS have been suggested to influence investigatory behavior, at least in part, by evoking glutamate-mediated transmitter release from NAS …
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Comparison Of Affective Analgesia And Conditioned Place Preference Following Cholinergic Activation Of
… that originates in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) is postulated to preferentially suppress affective reactions to noxious stimuli (affective analgesia, AA). VTA dopamine neurons are activated via cholinergic inputs, and we have observed that microinjections of the acetylcholine agonist …
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Leptin Action on Dopamine Neurons: Biochemical and Behavioral Analysis
… dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) provides a link between metabolic state and rewarding behavior. By using a multitude of techniques, the functional roles for Lepr signaling on dopamine neurons have been assessed. By activating Lepr in the VTA via direct infusion of leptin, or …
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DISRUPTED GABA SIGNALING IN THE VENTRAL TEGMENTAL AREA DRIVES ADDICTION-LIKE BEHAVIORS
… abused drugs. The ventral tegmental area (VTA), a central hub of this circuitry, is well known for its robust dopaminergic projections to forebrain regions and their crucial roles in modulating reward, aversion, motivation and cognition. However, VTA GABA cells, while long understudied, are …
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Fos induction within the ventral tegmental area following infusions of phencyclidine, MK-801, and nomifensine into the core and shell subterritories of the nucleus accumbens septi
… projecting to the ventral tegmental area (VTA). Independent groups of animals were tested to determine whether infusions of PCP, MK-801, or nomifensine directly into the core or shell subterritory of the NAS would induce Fos expression within the VTA. Each rat received a total of 26 …
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A role for hippocampal and midbrain neural processing in context-dependent spatial memory
… released from the ventral tegmental area (VTA). Although the activity of VTA dopamine neurons is thought to signal an error in the prediction of salient events (particularly rewards) within a given context, it has not been demonstrated that VTA neural activity is modulated by contextual …
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Neuroadaptive Changes in the Mesocortical Glutamatergic System during Nicotine Self-administration and after Extinction in Rats
… respectively. In the ventral tegmental area (VTA), glutamate receptor subunit 2/3 (GluR2/3) was increased by 34%. These findings suggest the glutamate neurotransmission between mPFC and VTA may be enhanced during chronic nicotine SA. Thus, we determined the effects of nicotine SA and …
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Fatty acid ethanolamides pinpoint nicotinic receptors and modulate neuronal excitability through nuclear receptor PPARα
… can suppress nicotine-induced stimulation of VTA dopamine (DA) neuron firing rate through the peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPARα) and to elucidate their mechanism of action in an in vitro brain slice preparation. 2) To determine whether there is an interaction between PPARα …
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Lateral hypothalamic control of motivated behaviors through the midbrain dopamine system
… evidence that LH neurons projecting to the VTA encode conditioned responses, while LH neurons innervated by the VTA encode conditioned and unconditioned stimuli. Activation of the LH-VTA projection can increase compulsive sugar seeking, while inhibition of the projection can suppress this …
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An analysis of the role of midbrain dopamine systems in the suppression of tonic pain
… into either the ventral tegmental area (VTA) in the midbrain or nucleus accumbens (NAS) in the forebrain. Infusions into either the VTA or NAS of the NK-1 agonist, GR-73632, and the NK-3 agonist, senktide, induced analgesia in the formalin, but not the tail-flick test, suggesting that …
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An Interface of the Taste and Reward Systems in the Brainstem and Its Role in Feeding
… (PBN) projected to the ventral tegmental area (VTA), and lesioning the PBN attenuates taste-elicited release of DA in the nucleus accumbens, we hypothesized this connection plays a crucial role in the control of feeding, especially with regard to the processing of both appetitive and aversive …
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Optogenetic dissection of the dopaminergic circuitry involved in memory consolidation
… An influential model called the ‘hippocampus- VTA loop’ (Lisman & Grace 2005) points to the critical role of dopaminergic neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA), but recent evidence also implicates locus coeruleus (LC) as a potential source of dopamine in the hippocampus (Smith & Greene …
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Dopaminergic modulation of hippocampal neural circuitry
… (DA) neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and susbtantia nigra pars compacta (SNpC) are in a particularly strategic position to aid the hippocampus in gating long-term memory. Their firing rates encode the salience of external cues in the environment and they send axons to the output …
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Neuronal and Molecular Adaptations of GABA Neurons in the Ventral Tegmental Area to Chronic Alcohol
… of GABA neurons of the ventral tegmental area (VTA). GABA neurons are of interest with regards to ethanol intoxication, reinforcement, and dependence due to their widespread distribution and connectivity to mesocorticolimbic dopamine (DA) neurons implicated in alcohol reward and addiction. Since …
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Water and Nutrient Balances of Vegetative Treatment Systems for Feedlots in South Dakota
… mass balances on each vegetative treatment area (VTA). The balances were determined by measuring all inflow, outflow, evapotranspiration, precipitation, and both soil and water nutrient concentrations within the VTA. Twelve site years have been completed in researching VTS from four feed lots in …
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