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Showing 1 to 20 of 25 for “"VEEV"”.
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Counteracting Neuroinvasive RNA Viruses: Antiviral and Immune Modulation Strategies Against SARS-CoV-2 and VEEV
… and Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) are both zoonotic positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses. Clinical cases of VEEV infected humans present with febrile illness that ultimately resolves. VEEV infection in humans cause febrile-like illness with high morbidity and low …
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Pathogenesis and transmission of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus
Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) is an emerging arboviral pathogen that affects the Americas. Outbreaks can involve hundreds- of- thousands of equines and humans, spread over large geographic regions, and can last several years. The principal vector in most major coastal outbreaks is the …
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Examination of Antiviral Resistance in Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus
<p>Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) is a New World Alphavirus that causes Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE), which is characterized by a febrile illness that can progress to neurological disease and death. While no major outbreaks of VEE have occurred since 1995, VEEV is a virus of …
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Utilizing Proteomic Techniques to Discover Host Protein Interactions with the E1 Glycoprotein of Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus (VEEV) for Anti-Viral Discovery
Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) is an alphavirus that causes disease in humans and equines eliciting both an agricultural and public health threat. In humans, the disease typically presents as a febrile illness with common signs of fever and malaise. Four to fourteen percent of …
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Characterization of the entry mechanisms utilized by the alphavirus venezuelan equine encephalitis virus to infect mosquito cells
Venezuelan equine encephalitis eirus (VEEV) is a New World alphavirus that can cause fatal encephalitis in humans. VEEV is an enveloped, positive-strand RNA virus that is transmitted by a mosquito vector. Most research on alphavirus entry was done with the Old World alphavirus Semliki Forest virus …
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Investigating the effects of pH on alphaviral E3-E2 glycoprotein association, organization, and cellular tropism
… entire Venezuelan equine encephalitis virion (VEEV) with exclusive contacts being made between E3-E2. Immunization with monoclonal antibodies against VEEV E3 provided protection for mice challenged by lethal doses of VEEV and suggests potential new targets for antibody neutralization, but it is …
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Strucutre-function studies of the venezuelan equine encephalitis virus 5'UTR promoter element and its role in attenuation of the virus
… of \r\nVenezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) is described. VEEV is one of the \r\npathogenic members of the Alphavirus genus in the Togaviridae family. VEEV \r\ninfection causes debilitating illness complicated by neurological manifestations. The \r\nonly available vaccine for VEE …
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Investigating Interferon-Inducible Antiviral Effectors Through a Virological and Evolutionary Lens
… of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV). I show via combinatorial gene targeting that antiviral effectors - ZAP, IFIT3, and IFIT1 - together constitute the majority of interferon-mediated VEEV restriction, while comprising less than 0.5% of the interferon-induced transcriptome. …
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Neurological Consequences of Viral Encephalitis: Behavioral Deficits, Neuronal Restructuring, and Therapeutic Interventions
… effects of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV), a neuroinvasive alphavirus that causes severe neurological symptoms, including seizures and encephalitis, with no available treatments or vaccines. Despite its significant public health implications, including its potential as a biological …
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Field and laboratory studies of venezuelan equine encephalitis virus ecology in Chiapas, Mexico.
… as virus amplifying hosts. It was found that a VEEV strain from the study area may use a variety of rodents as amplifying hosts in the laboratory. Lastly a breeding colony of Culex (Mel.) taeniopus mosquitoes was established and experimentally evaluated for the ability of these mosquitoes to …
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The Host Response to Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus
… capable of causing human encephalitis. Of these, VEEV represents the most significant human pathogen. However, no licensed vaccines or therapeutics are available. A comprehensive understanding of the host response to a pathogen is integral in the development of both. By using intranasal infection …
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Using Altered Fidelity Viruses to Study Viral Attenuation and Population Genetics During Vertebrate Host Infection
… using Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) as a model system. Fidelity mutants were generated and validated in a WT VEEV strain. These mutants were then used to infect mice. Mutants with altered fidelity demonstrated decreased lethality and dissemination compared to the parental virus, …
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Mechanisms and Genetic Determinants of Alphavirus Infection of Mosquito Vectors
Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) is a mosquito-borne disease that has caused hundreds-of-thousands of human and equine cases. Since epizootic strains have historically been the largest public health threat, the majority of experimental studies have focused on these strains. Recently, …
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The Biotechnological Applications of an Insect-Specific Alphavirus
… (EEEV) and Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEEV), as well as chikungunya (CHIKV) viruses. Despite its evolutionary relationship to these human pathogens, EILV is unable to replicate in vertebrate cells due to blocks at attachment/entry and RNA replication. We hypothesized that, using a …
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ANIMAL MODELS FOR BEHAVIORAL CHANGES OR HEARING LOSS UPON ACUTE VIRUS INFECTIONS
… alphavirus Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) and the Stat1 knockout (Stat1-/-) murine infection model with the Old World arenavirus Lassa virus. Here, I have adapted these models to study the sequelae of humans in murine models. I have replicated an array of behavioral changes resultant …
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Production and Testing of a Novel Live-Attenuated Chikungunya Vaccine
… IRES-based vaccine strategy first employed with VEEV vaccine strain, TC-83. The first strategy, CHIKV/IRESv1, was highly stable during cell culture passages in Vero cells, and was unable to replicate in mosquitoes. The vaccine was then tested for safety and efficacy in multiple mouse models. …
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Understanding the assembly of simple ssRNA virus nucleocapsids
… and Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus (VEEV), focusing on in vivo formation of pre-viral nucleocapsid structures and briefly the subsequent post-entry nucleocapsid stage. Experimentally, it was found that H124 expressed better in E. coli expression systems than H158 and H36-169, which …
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Cross-reactivity among alphaviruses provides insight into viral emergence and novel defense strategies
… equine encephalitis viruses (EEEV, WEEV, and VEEV, respectively), present with severe encephalitis while Old World alphaviruses, such as Sindbis, chikungunya, and Mayaro viruses (SINV, CHIKV, and MAYV, respectively) present with an incapacitating polyarthralgia that can persist for years …
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Effective Strategies for Preventing and Mitigating Emerging Viruses
… (RRV), and Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis virus (VEEV). We observed a positive dose-dependent relationship between hIFNγ and decreasing viral titers for all three viruses. Interestingly, we also observed similar patterns of GBP upregulation with MAYV and RRV, both Old World alphaviruses, but not …
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Characterization of a Low-Fidelity Live-Attenuated Vaccine for Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus
… Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) vaccine strain, TC-83. Next generation sequencing after passage in the presence of mutagens revealed a mutant containing 3 mutations in the RdRp, TC-83 3x, to have decreased replication fidelity, while a second mutant, TC-83 4x displayed no …
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