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Showing 1 to 20 of 167 for “"VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE"”.
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Modeling vascular smooth muscle contraction
… framework to investigate issues regarding vascular smooth muscle contraction. The overall structure of this thesis consists of (1) a model of single vascular smooth muscle cell membrane electrophysiology, contractile system kinetics and cell mechanics; (2) a model of signal transduction of …
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FOXO3a in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Apoptosis
… factor which shows increased activation in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) of advanced atherosclerotic plaques, specifically within the intimal layer. Since VSMC apoptosis plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis, we investigated the mechanisms underlying …
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RHAMM Alters Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Constrictive Matrix Remodeling
… as a new lumen narrowing at the site of previous vascular reconstruction, affects millions of patients each year worldwide. Restenosis has been a major limitation of surgical and endovascular reconstructions since their inception and while decades of research have yielded improved results for …
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Comparison of Receptor Efficacies on Vascular Smooth Muscle Contraction
<p>Vascular smooth muscle contraction involves multiple signal-transduction pathways, the interrelations of which are not completely understood. Our objectives in this project were to compare the effects of phenylephrine (alpha<sub>1</sub>-adrenergic agonist, angiotensin II (AT<sub>1 …
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Acidosis Activated GPR68 Promotes Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Growth
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the primary cause of death in the United States and worldwide. Localized extracellular acidosis has been theorized as a possible contributor to CVD pathogenesis, but its precise impact remains unclear. G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) are seven transmembrane …
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Mitochondrial function in atherosclerosis and vascular smooth muscle cells
… Mitochondrial function in atherosclerosis and vascular smooth muscle cells Johannes Reinhold Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of death in the Western world. Although mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage has been implicated in atherosclerosis, it is unclear whether the damage is sufficient to …
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THE ROLE OF P2Y RECEPTORS IN HUMAN VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE
Excessive or inappropriate vascular smooth muscle (VSM) cell proliferation is a major contributor to proliferative disorders such as atherosclerosis and restenosis following angioplasty. Treatment is by bypass grafting using the internal mammary artery (IMA) or saphenous vein (SV). IMA conduits …
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Notch signaling pathway in human vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation
… inter-cell communication and dictate, in part, vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) fate in response to mechanical stimuli. VSMC differentiation is a crucial developmental process regulating angiogenesis and vasculogenesis, with phenotypic modulation of SMC a key factor in vascular pathology. It …
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CaV3.2 Channels and BKCa-Mediated Feedback in Vascular Smooth Muscle
The vascular T-type Ca2+ channel, CaV3.2, regulates arterial tone by triggering Ca2+ sparks and activating large conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (BKCa) channels. Despite being an integral element of an arterial feedback loop, little is known of its regulation and how key receptors and signaling …
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Regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell function by mechanical strain
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Whitaker College of Health Sciences and Technology, 1996.
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Role of vascular smooth muscle Interleukin-11 in aortic aneurysm development
… aneurysms (AAs) presents a significant cardiovascular risk, with limited treatment options. Our laboratory examined wild-type (WT) and BCL11B knockout (BSMKO) mice treated with Angiotensin II (AngII) for a period of 7 days. The BSMKO mice given AngII exhibited aneurysm formation, while the WT …
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Mechanism of Action of Pentobarbital Induced Attenuation of Vascular Smooth Muscle Contraction
… tetrodotoxin (TTX; 1 uM) sensitive, or perivascular nerve, (NEFS) stimulation (10 Hz, 0.3 ms, 50 V, 30 sec), and direct smooth muscle (MEFS) stimulation in the presence of TTX (10 Hz, 3 ms, 50 V, 30 sec). Rings, preloaded at 1 g, were immersed in an organ bath filled with Krebs solution at …
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Vascular smooth muscle cell heterogeneity and plasticity in models of cardiovascular disease
Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) accumulation is a hallmark of atherosclerosis and vascular injury. However, fundamental aspects of proliferation and the phenotypic changes within individual VSMCs, which underlie vascular disease remain unresolved. In particular, it is not known if all VSMCs …
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A genome-wide, single-cell analysis of vascular smooth muscle cell plasticity
Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) possess a remarkable capacity to change phenotype in response to injury or inflammation. In healthy arteries, VSMCs exist in a contractile state, but upon vascular inflammation or injury, they can switch into an activated state, in which they downregulate the …
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THE IMPACT OF VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE CELL SENESCENCE ON MITOCHONDRIA DYSFUNCTION AND ANGIOGENESIS
INTRODUZIONE: L'aterosclerosi, principale causa della maggior parte delle malattie cardiovascolari, progredisce dalle strie lipidiche iniziali fino a placche avanzate e instabili che, se soggette a rottura, possono causare eventi potenzialmente letali. Un segno distintivo dell’instabilità della …
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