Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 19 of 19 for “"VACV"”.
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The elaborate interplay of natural killer cells and vaccinia virus
Vaccinia virus (VACV) is a poxvirus and is the vaccine used to eradicate smallpox. It is also an expression vector for heterologous antigens and an oncolytic virus for cancer therapy. VACV encodes multiple proteins that aid evasion of the host immune response. There is, however, an incomplete …
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TRIM5α is a poxvirus restriction factor: viral evasion strategies and a pathway to antivirals
… as a restriction factor for vaccinia virus (VACV) and two VACV countermeasures. This study followed up a proteomic analysis showing that VACV infection of TERT-immortalised human foetal foreskin fibroblasts (HFFF-TERTs) induced TRIM5 downregulation. This observation was validated in HFFF-TERT …
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Design of a Tetracycline Operon Inducible System for the Control of Vaccinia Virus Replication: Implications for Vaccine Development
<p>The use of vaccinia virus (VACV) as a vaccine resulted in the eradication of smallpox in 1979. Characteristics that contribute to the effectiveness of VACV as a vaccine and viral vector include its ability to elicit strong, long-lived humoral and cell-mediated immune responses as a …
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Exploring antiviral effector cells in vaccinia virus-infected tissues
Vaccinia virus (VACV) is a large, double-stranded DNA virus belonging to the Poxviridae family that was used as the live vaccine leading to the eradication of smallpox. Despite eradication through global vaccination, the precise immune mechanisms underlying recovery from infection are incompletely …
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Characterization of the vaccinia virus M1 protein on caspase inhibition and the MVA/5.2KB virus on immunogenicity
Vaccinia virus (VACV) is a master manipulator of the immune response, and is also a prime candidate for vaccine vectors. This thesis explored both properties through (i) identification and characterization of the VACV M1 protein as a caspase inhibitor and (ii) investigating a previously unexplored …
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Vaccinia virus BTB-Kelch proteins
Vaccinia virus (VACV) is a valuable tool to study host-virus interactions and encodes a plethora of immunomodulatory proteins, among which three, A55, C2 and F3, have a BTB/BACK-Kelch (BBK) structure and are the focus of this study. Proteins containing BTB and Kelch domains function as adapters for …
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Investigation of local South African avipoxviruses as potential vaccine vectors
… regions, corresponding to vaccinia virus (VACV) A3L (fpv167 locus, VACV P4b), G8R (fpv126 locus, VLTF-1), H3L (fpv140 locus, VACV H3L) and A11R–A12L (fpv175–176 locus). The SA isolates all grouped in clade A, either in subclade A2 or A3 of the genus Avipoxvirus, with branching patterns …
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Characterization of the vaccinia virus ankyrin repeat protein K1 on NF-κB inhibition and its contributions to viral pathogenesis
… thesis was to examine how the vaccinia virus (VACV) K1 protein, which is encoded by the K1L gene, modulates the immune response in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, the K1 protein has multiple immunomodulatory effects in tissue culture models of infection. We have previously published that the K1 …
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Proteomic Investigation of Interferon Alpha Stimulation and Viral Regulation to Identify Candidate Antiviral Restriction Factors
… investigated the effects of vaccinia virus (VACV) infection, quantifying ~9000 human proteins over a single replication cycle. This revealed downregulation of 265 proteins including innate immune proteins, collagens and cadherins. Overlap with a previous proteomic investigation of human …
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Development and characterisation of recombinant LSDV-vectored dual vaccines against bovine leukaemia virus and lumpy skin disease virus
… kilodalton polypeptide gene of vaccinia virus (VACV) (p7.5), a synthetic early-late promoter of VACV (pS), a modified early-late promoter of the H5 gene of VACV (pmH5) and a synthetic early-late optimised promoter of VACV (pLEO). The results showed that all the poxvirus promoters were functional …
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Investigations into the vaccinia virus immunomodulatory proteins C4 and C16
Vaccinia virus (VACV) is the most intensively studied orthopoxvirus and acts as an excellent model to investigate host-pathogen interactions. VACV encodes about 200 proteins, many of which modulate the immune response. This study focusses on two of these: C16 and C4, that share 43.7 % amino acid …
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Sensing Foreign DNA: The Role of DNA-PKcs in Human Anti-viral Innate Immunity
… simplex virus 1 (HSV- 1) and Vaccinia virus (VACV) that lack immunomodulatory proteins and drive type I interferon production. DNA-PKcs-/- cells have a defective immune response after infection with attenuated HSV and VACV. Furthermore, primary patient fibroblasts harbouring a mutation in …
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Examination of the role of early viral protein expression in MVA-induced NF-κB activation
… the prototypic poxvirus member, vaccinia virus (VACV). However, infection of HEK293T cells with the attenuated Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara (MVA) no longer inhibits NF-κB activation, due to the absence of various host range and immunosuppressive genes in this strain. The work presented here …
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A strategy to suppress STAT1 signalling conserved in pathogenic poxviruses and paramyxoviruses
Vaccinia virus (VACV) is a member of the poxviridae, a family of viruses with large double-stranded, linear DNA genomes that replicate in the cytoplasm of cells. The genome of vaccinia encodes over 200 proteins, many of which have been shown to function as inhibitors of the innate immune response. …
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Role of the Innate Immune Response to DNA During Therapy with Oncolytic Viruses
… tumour cells may sense infection by a vaccinia (VACV)-derived OV, superior killing virus (SKV), through cytoplasmic DNA sensing pathways and how manipulation of this pathway may impact OV efficacy. Here, I screened several syngeneic murine cancer cell lines for their expression of cytoplasmic DNA …
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Parapoxvirus: basi genomiche della patogenesi
… to orthopoxviruses, especially vaccinia virus (VACV). The PPV genome displays a high G+C content and relatively small size for poxvirus. Coventional electron microscopy displays PPV virions with ovoid shape and slightly smaller in size than the brickshaped orthopoxviruses. The most striking …
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Characterising Novel Substrates of the Asparaginyl Hydroxylase FIH
… closely related poxvirus, vaccinia virus (VACV), were also predicted to be substrates of FIH, but analysis of recombinant VACV ANK proteins showed no evidence of hydroxylation. These data indicate that these hydroxylation events are not conserved across the poxvirus family. The second aim …
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A role for myotubularins in vaccinia virus egress
Vaccinia virus (VACV) generates multiple distinct forms of infectious virus. Intracellular mature virus (IMV) particles are surrounded by a single lipid membrane and are mostly released upon lysis of the infected cell. Some IMVs are wrapped by an additional double membrane to form intracellular …
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Viral and cellular proteins involved in vaccinia virus egress
Vaccinia virus (VACV) is a large double-stranded DNA virus with a cytoplasmic site of replication. It has a complex life cycle that produces two distinct infectious virion forms, Intracellular Mature Virions (IMVs) and Extracellular Enveloped Virions (EEVs). The host cell microtubule trafficking …