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Showing 1 to 20 of 723 for “"Ubiquitin"”.
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Role of Ubiquitin and Ubiquitin Ligases in Retroviral Budding
… domains bind Nedd4-like HECT ligases, a class of ubiquitin ligase enzymes. The functional link between HECT ligases and the VPS pathway has not been defined, but multiple lines of evidence suggest that ubiquitin is generally important for late domain activity. Retroviral Gag proteins are often …
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Quantifying ubiquitin dynamics
Ubiquitin (Ub) is a small protein that is frequently attached to other proteins as a post-translational modification (PTM) to elicit a new function, cellular localization, or otherwise modulate the activity of the substrate protein. Ub addition and removal serves as a signal for proteasome …
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Mechanistic Studies of the Activation of Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes by Ring-Type Ubiquitin Ligases
Ubiquitination, modification with ubiquitin, is a post-translational regulation of proteins in eukaryotes. Ubiquitin-activating enzymes (E1) activate ubiquitin and form thioester linkages with ubiquitin, which are then transferred onto ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (E2). Ubiquitin-conjugating …
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MECHANISM OF PINK1-MEDIATED UBIQUITIN PHOSPHORYLATION
Ubiquitin phosphorylation by PINK1 (PTEN-induced Putative Kinase 1) is crucial for mitochondrial quality control and loss or mutation of PINK1 can lead to autosomal recessive juvenile parkinsonism (AR-JP). PINK1 is an unusual kinase, as it is characterised by three unique insertions in its kinase N …
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Specific Recognition of Atypical Ubiquitin Modifications
Protein ubiquitination regulates various cellular events, such as protein degradation, immune signalling and DNA repair. This functional versatility arises from the ability of ubiquitin (Ub) to form distinct polymers linked through one of its eight primary amines (Lys6, Lys11, Lys27, Lys29, Lys33, …
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Detection and measurements of free ubiquitin in fixed cells and characterization of OTUB1 contribution to ubiquitin homeostasis
Post-translational modifications with Ubiquitin (Ub) have been found to participate in a wide range of cell functions, including protein degradation, endocytosis, regulation of gene expression and cell cycle progression. Therefore, regulation of free Ub levels is essential to ensure that enough Ub …
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Role of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in the inner ear : identification of an E3 ubiquitin ligase for Atoh1
… the amount of protein be decreased. Since the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway regulates catabolism of key regulatory proteins, we assessed its role in the degradation of Atoh1. E3 ubiquitin ligases confer substrate specificity to degradation of proteins by transferring a ubiquitin tag to a …
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Enhanced protein degradation by branched ubiquitin chains
… modification of cell cycle regulators with ubiquitin chains is essential for eukaryotic cell division. Such chains can be connected through seven lysine residues or the amino-terminus of ubiquitin, thereby allowing the assembly of eight homogenous and multiple mixed or branched conjugates. …
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The ubiquitin coat of cytosol-invading bacteria
… enterica serovar Typhimurium are labelled with a ubiquitin coat, which serves the dual purpose of targeting bacteria to autophagy-mediated degradation and locally inducing pro-inflammatory signalling. Importantly, the chain types and ubiquitylated substrates that constitute this ubiquitin coat are …
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Characterization of SCF Ubiquitin-Ligase Subunits in Arabidopsis
… in the formation of the SCF-class of E3-ubiquitin ligase complexes. One such gene family encodes the Skp1-like class of polypeptide subunits, where 21 genes have been identified and are known to be expressed in Arabidopsis. The complexity of this family of Arabidopsis Skp1-like--or ASK …
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Regulation der Transkription durch das Ubiquitin/Proteasom-System
… Proteine wird nach regulierter Modifikation mit Ubiquitin durch das 26S-Proteasom abgebaut. In wenigen bisher bekannten Fällen wird ein ubiquitiniertes Protein durch diese Protease zwar erkannt, jedoch nur teilweise degradiert. Diese regulierte Ubiquitin/Proteasom-abhängige Prozessierung (RUP) …
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Modulation of Transcription Factor Activity by Mono-Ubiquitin
The Ubiquitin-Proteasome Pathway plays both proteolytic and non-proteolytic roles in the regulation of transcription. We recently reported that the ATPases of the 26S proteasome can destabilize activator-DNA complexes in a non-proteolytic manner that requires direct interactions between the Rpt4 …
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Ubiquitin Mediated Regulation of NF-kappa B Signaling
… of NF-κB signaling requires the process of ubiquitination. K63-and K48-linked ubiquitin chains have been shown to have distinct roles and biological function in NF-κB signaling. K63-linked ubiquitin chains are required for the activation of TAK1, which leads to the activation of IKK. …
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Regulation of Apoptosis by XIAP Ubiquitin- Ligase Activity
… IAPs contain RING domains that function as E3 ubiquitin-ligases to regulate the abundance of IAPs themselves and their binding partners by engaging the ubiquitin system. The precise physiological function of individual mammalian IAPs and their role as E3- ubiquitin ligases in situ remain …
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Investigation into ubiquitin signalling in response to cisplatin
… for new chemotherapeutic drugs. It is known that ubiquitination is important for the regulation of the ICL response and it is thus probable that some ubiquitin-related proteins have previously unidentified roles in this process.<br/>This thesis describes the use of a robust high throughput siRNA …
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Investigating the ubiquitin conjugating machinery in *Plasmodium falciparum*
… novel targets against malaria are required. The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), which involves the attachment of the small protein ubiquitin to target proteins, is essential to all eukaryotes and represents a promising target for antimalarial therapies. However, the components of this system …
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Chemical and biochemical studies of ubiquitin conjugation machinery
… post-translational modification of proteins with ubiquitin (Ub) is an important mechanism of regulating protein function. Ub is a 76-residue protein that is primarily attached to lysine residues in target proteins through an enzymatic cascade catalyzed by E1, E2, and E3 enzymes. Ub conjugation is …
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Epigenetic and Ubiquitin-Proteasome Mechanisms of Obesity Development
… a high fat diet dysregulates the activity of the ubiquitin-proteasome system, the master regulator of protein degradation in cells, in the hypothalamus of male rodents. Despite this, whether this can occur in both sexes and directly contributes to abnormal weight gain has not been investigated. …
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Identifying Novel Interaction Between the E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Ring Finger Protein 20 (RNF20) and the Deubiquitinating Enzyme Ubiquitin Specific Protease 7 (USP7)
USP7, which is a ubiquitin-specific protease, is an essential deubiquitinating enzyme involved in a plethora of cellular processes such as epigenetic regulation, DNA damage response and oncogenic processes. In this study, RNF20, which is an E3 ligase, has been identified as a novel substrate for …
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Characterization of The Ubiquitin Ligase, Ube4B, In Endocytic Trafficking
… extinguishes their signaling activity.</p> <p>Ubiquitination is a post-translational modification that underlies some aspects of membrane protein trafficking. Ubiquitin modification allows EGFR recognition by endosomal protein complexes that mediate protein inclusion into MVB vesicles from …
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