Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
Results
Showing 1 to 20 of 28 for “"Tumour DNA"”.
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Circulating Tumour DNA in Localised Urological Cancers
… delaying definitive treatment. Cell-free mutant DNA (mutDNA) analysis represents an opportunity for non-invasive monitoring of cancer through tumour genome analysis. MutDNA derived from plasma can monitor tumour burden. There is emerging evidence that mutDNA can identify mutations from multiple …
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Circulating tumour DNA: A non-invasive biomarker for melanoma
… and analysis of mutant specific circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) is an emerging tool for detection of residual disease and for prognosis and monitoring of different cancers (Bettegowda et al., 2014; Dawson et al., 2013; Gray et al., 2015; Spindler et al., 2012). There is however, limited use of …
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Investigating the Mechanisms and Kinetics of Circulating Tumour DNA Release to Improve its Clinical Utility
… personalized treatment regimens. Circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) has sparked tremendous interest in the last decade as a non-invasive method to monitor dynamic changes in treatment response. However, the mechanisms that dictate ctDNA release kinetics have not been thoroughly investigated, …
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Molecular characterization of methylated circulating tumour DNA biomarkers and their detection with low-cost biosensor
… of cancers. Recently, cell-free methylated DNA immunoprecipitation (cfMeDIP) method was used to distinguish localized from advanced prostate cancers with high sensitivity. The challenge in prostate cancers is that the methylation levels are notoriously heterogeneous, which may lead to …
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Exploration of cell-free DNA’s biological properties for better understanding and improved circulating tumour DNA detection
… that can be used for cancer profiling. Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) are fragmented DNA shed into circulation from various types of cells. The cfDNA derived from cancer cells, circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA), forms a subset of cfDNA. It can be challenging to detect ctDNA as it often constitutes only a …
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Detection of trace levels of circulating tumour DNA in early stage non-small cell lung cancer
… biopsies, using analytes such as circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA), can detect and quantify cancer in a minimally invasive way and can provide information on tumour heterogeneity. Current limitations in the liquid biopsy field are centred around the general sensitivity of the present assays and …
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Latent feature models and non-invasive clonal reconstruction
Intratumoural heterogeneity complicates the molecular interpretation of biopsies, as multiple distinct tumour genomes are sampled and analysed at once. Ignoring the presence of these populations can lead to erroneous conclusions, and so a correct analysis must account for the clonal structure of …
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Improving earlier non-invasive diagnosis of high-grade serous ovarian cancer
… step in developing a diagnostic circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) biomarker for high grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC), was to investigate low-cost high-throughput next generation sequencing assays in plasma samples collected from women with newly diagnosed OC. The secondary aim was to apply …
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Examination of gene deletion as a mechanism of RBM5 downregulation in tobacco smoke-associated lung cancer
RBM5 is a tumour suppressor gene with substantially decreased expression in most lung cancers, especially in smokers, that may result from gene deletion. The objective of this study was to determine if significantly decreased levels of RBM5 expression in the lung cancers of smokers was related to …
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Approaches to developing clinically useful Bayesian risk prediction models
… of including information about circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) when predicting response to treatment in metastatic breast cancer. ctDNA has been proposed as a promising approach to assess response to treatment. We show that incorporating trajectories of circulating tumour DNA results in a …
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Aspects on local recurrence after rectal cancer surgery
… review of medical records and analysis of tumour DNA with array-comparative genomic hybridisation and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results: The majority of studied patients were symptomatic when diagnosed with local recurrence, deemed incurable, not well palliated and had a poor …
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Cellular and molecular mechanisms of response to, and recurrence following, breast radiotherapy
… surgery and radiotherapy. Ipsilateral breast tumour recurrences following breast conserving treatment have long been noted to predominantly occur in or close to the tumour bed from which the index cancer was removed with a smaller number arising in other quadrants of the breast. A widely held …
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Investigating the utility of blood borne oncological biomarkers in solid tumours: glioma and melanoma
… occasioned by the invasive nature of malignant tumour tissue biopsy, the need for serial evaluation of tumour burden during therapy, and the need for prognostication. In a series of five studies (four clinical studies and one pre-clinical study), this research work explored the potential utility …
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The application of genomic technologies to cancer and companion diagnostics.
… (study of RNAs) and methylome (study of DNA methylation). As cancer is a disease of the genome the rapid advances in genomic technology, specifically microarrays and next generation sequencing, are creating a wave of change in our understanding of its molecular pathology. Molecular …
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Dynamics and utility of cell-free DNA release following radiotherapy in prostate cancer and non-small cell lung cancer
… The tissue-of-origin of plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) can be determined by methylation analysis and circulating tumour DNA identified by next-generation sequencing (NGS). To evaluate the dynamics of cfDNA during radical radiotherapy, total cfDNA was quantified in patients undergoing …
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Elucidation of the occurrence of extracolonic cancers in Lynch syndrome
… disorder resulting from mutations within DNA MMR genes. Effective surveillance, diagnosis and treatment of the disorder is complicated due to the phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity of lynch syndrome, which exhibits an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance. Determine the molecular …
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Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Human Papillomavirus co-infection and host molecular genetics of cervical carcinoma
… genetic alterations within the host chromosomal DNA. Genetic variations or mutations that affect the following host gene categories were suggested to be responsible for cervical cancer susceptibility and disease progression; (i) genes for the immune-response against oncogenic HPV infection, (ii) …
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The clonal architecture and tumour microenvironment of breast cancers are shaped by neoadjuvant chemotherapy
… of response, though little is known on how tumours and their microenvironments are modulated by neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The thesis aims at molecularly characterising tumour changes during neoadjuvant chemotherapy in a cohort of 168 patients. Serial tumour samples at diagnosis, and, when …
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Exploring the effect of peri-operative inflammation on systemic and local breast cancer biomarkers
… cancer inflammation and influence circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA)release which may predict clinical and oncological outcomes. Aims 1. To understand the relationship between peri-operative systemic inflammation and breast tumour characteristics, surgical intervention and 30-day morbidity in …
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Biomarkers of Genome Instability and Disease Progression in Ovarian Cancer
… is highly prevalent in HGSOC and displays marked tumour heterogeneity. We report that CA is associated with increased CIN and, importantly, genome subclonality. Consequently, we highlight CA and associated vulnerabilities/survival mechanisms as promising targets for novel treatment strategies in …
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