Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 323 for “"Tuberculosis (TB)"”.
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Investigating the T cell-specific role of Interleukin-4 receptor alpha (IL-4Rα) in tuberculosis (TB)
Protective immunity to tuberculosis (TB) is dependent on the ability of the host to mount a robust T cell response. The main effector T cells which contribute to protection in TB include T helper (Th) Th1 and Th17 T cells. The Th2 response, associated with IL-4Rα mediated signalling, remains …
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Exploring tuberculosis (TB) patient's adherence to treatment regimens and prevention programmes at a public healt site
… was to explore the factors that contribute to TB patient's adherence to the Directly Observed Treatment Short-Course (DOTS) strategy and the factors that serve as barriers to adherence. The study was set in a historically disadvantaged township, KhayeIitsha, a sub-district of the City of Cape …
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Whoever said a little 'dirt' doesn't hurt? : exploring tuberculosis (TB)-related stigma in Khayelitsha, Cape Town
This paper considers the significance of Tuberculosis (TB)-related stigma and stigmatising acts in areas of Khayelitsha Township in Cape Town, South Africa. Data is drawn from three months of in-depth participant observation, interviews and support group sessions. Stigma is a moral process which …
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Assessing access barriers to Tuberculosis (TB) and Antiretroviral (ARV) treatment in Mitchell's Plain, Cape Town South Africa
… relation to the three access dimensions) to both Tuberculosis (TB) and Antiretroviral Treatment (ART) services in Mitchell's Plain, Cape Town South Africa. Secondary cross-sectional data was used for this purpose. Access to TB and HIV treatment has been given priority because the two diseases have …
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An exploration of how treatment interruption and default affects Tuberculosis (TB) patients in Oshakati district, Oshana region, Namibia
… in order to understand the lived experience of TB patients whose treatment was interrupted and those who default the TB treatment. Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by a Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacterium. The research project explored the treatment interruption and default among …
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Design and Synthesis of Inhibitors of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Menaquinone D (Mtb MenD) as Potential Therapeutics for Tuberculosis (Tb)
… mitochondrial energy metabolism in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and other Gram-positive pathogenic bacteria. Menaquinone biosynthesis presents a potential target for therapeutic intervention, as it is not produced in humans. In this work, libraries of novel inhibitor candidates targeted at the …
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Yellow, in Peril: How public health discourse on tuberculosis (TB) reveals, refines, and reinforces the racial stigmatization of Asian Americans
… I argue that while public health discourse on tuberculosis may reveal existent epidemiological trends in and among particular social groups, the discursive framing of this data unnecessarily racializes the disease. More specifically, public health discourse uses frameworks of "othering" and an …
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Comparing the risk of Tuberculosis (TB) infection in the households with and without TB patients in Tsumkwe constituency, Otjozondjupa region, Namibia
… countries with the highest per capita burden of tuberculosis. The traditional San community that are living in northern Namibia are heavily burdened by the TB disease partly due to high household density. This study compares the risk of transmission of TB among close contacts with the community …
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The impact of isoniazid preventative therapy and antiretroviral therapy on tuberculosis (TB) in HIV-infected children in a high TB incidence setting
… therapy] and ART [antiretroviral therapy] on TB incidence in HIV-infected children. A cohort analysis will be performed using data from a prospective, double-blinded placebo controlled trial of INH versus placebo in HIV-infected children in Cape Town, South Africa.
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Retrospective review of urinary lipoarabinomannan (ULAM) in the diagnosis of disseminated tuberculosis (TB) in medical inpatients at a district level hospital in Cape Town
Background: Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) remain a major public health concern in South Africa (SA) with high mortality rates in patients with MTB and HIV co-infection. In 2016 Urinary Lipoarabinomannan (ULAM) became available in SA to expedite the …
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Isoniazid preventive therapy in HIV infected children on antiretroviral therapy living in a high tuberculosis prevalence area a randomized controlled trial
Tuberculosis (TB) and HIV are dual epidemics and a public health crisis in Southern Africa. An estimated 2.5 million children are living with HIV, of which 2.3 million live in Sub-Saharan Africa, with an estimated 230 000 child deaths from AIDS. In 2010 there were an estimated 8 million incident …
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Determinants and consequences of the pharmacokinetics of rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide and ethambutol in a cohort of tuberculosis patients
… conducted amongst a cohort of 142 patients with tuberculosis (TB) susceptible to rifampicin and isoniazid at Brewelsleloof Hospital, Worcester, in the Western Cape.
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Diagnosis, treatment and immunopathogenesis of the HIV-associated tuberculosis immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome
The paradoxical tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (TB-IRIS) is a frequent complication of antiretroviral therapy (ART) among patients who start ART while on treatment for tuberculosis (TB). The condition manifests with new, worsening or recurrent inflammatory …
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Health workers' knowledge, attitudes and practices of tuberculosis-directly observed treatment (TB-DOT) in the Grootfontein district of Otjozondjupa region in Namibia
… treatment short-course (DOTS) strategy (whereby tuberculosis (TB) patients take medicine under proper supervision and support) is available at all public health facilities. Yet the TB defaulter rate in Grootfontein is very high at 28, and treatment success rate remains at 56
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The role of IL-4 and Th2-like cytokines in pulmonary tuberculosis
Tuberculosis (TB) vaccine candidates have been mostly ineffective and it remains unclear as to what constitutes protective host immunity. Despite high levels of IFN-γ at the site of disease, the Th1 cytokine associated with protection, many individuals still have progressive active TB. Whether a …
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Hardware and software integration and testing for the automation of bright-field microscopy for tuberculosis detection
Automated microscopy for the detection of tuberculosis (TB) in sputum smears would reduce the load on technicians, especially in countries with a high TB burden. This dissertation reports on the development and testing of an automated system built around a conventional microscope for the detection …
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Mycobacterium W immunotherapy for treating pulmonary tuberculosis : a systematic review
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major health problem in the developing world, accounting for approximately 2 million deaths per year. The search for appropriate and applicable therapies to reduce the burden of TB is essential. Mycobacterium w (M w) is a heat-killed immune-modulating vaccine designed to …
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Distal sensory polyneuropathy in HIV/TB co-infection : the role of vitamin B6 and N-acetyltransferase 2 genetic variation
… human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and tuberculosis (TB) are complicated by a painful distal sensory polyneuropathy (DSP) that may be due to virus-related HIV-DSP, antiretroviral toxic neuropathy (ATN) or isoniazid-induced peripheral neuropathy (INH-PN). In co-infection with and …
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Automated Fluorescence Microscopy Determination of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Count via Vessel Filtering
Tuberculosis (TB), a deadly infectious disease caused by the bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), is the leading infectious disease killer globally, ranking in the top 10 overall causes of death despite being curable with a timely diagnosis and the correct treatment [3]. As such, eradicating …
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The effect of antiretroviral treatment on HIV associated tuberculosis incidence and outcomes in the Free State Province, South Africa.
Of people co-infected with HIV and tuberculosis (TB) globally, 79% are in Sub-Saharan Africa. While scale-up of antiretroviral treatment (ART) is reducing mortality in the region, there is little direct evidence of the magnitude of its effect on mortality in people coinfected with TB, or on TB …
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