Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 23 for “"Toll-like Receptors (TLR)"”.
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Identifying TRAF1 Mutations as a Key Step to Develop a Targeted Therapy for Rheumatoid Arthritis
… is a signalling adapter downstream of TNFR and Toll-like receptors (TLR), where it plays opposing roles in the activation of nuclear factor-k-B, NF-κB. Downstream of TNFRs, TRAF1 acts as a positive regulator of NF-κB, whereas downstream of TLRs, TRAF1 acts as a negative regulator of NF-κB. TRAF1 …
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Disassembly of electron transport chain complexes drives macrophage TLR responses by reprogramming metabolism and translation
… we show that stimulation of macrophages through Toll-like receptors (TLR) disrupts the assembly of mitochondrial electron transfer chain (ETC) complexes I-V, leading to the metabolic switch by inhibiting OxPhos and activating HIF-1[alpha]-dependent glycolysis. Disassembly of ETC complexes …
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Combinatorial lipid-like materials for intracellular delivery of small RNAs that activate innate antiviral immune responses and adjuvant vaccines
… immune cells occurs through pattern recognition receptors, which have evolved to respond to RNA viruses, such as the Toll-like receptors (TLR) 7 and 8 located in the endosome of dendritic cells. Tailoring the multiple functions of RNA for a desired clinical application will require novel systems …
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Investigating the function of TRAF1 in NF-κB activation
… NF-κB downstream of the tumour necrosis factor receptors (TNFR) and toll-like receptors (TLR) signalling pathways. In the TNFR pathway, TRAF1 recruits c-IAP2 to promote NF-κB activation and cell proliferation. In contrast, in TLR pathways, TRAF1 negatively regulates NF-κB by sequestering the …
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Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Sense Skin Injury and Promote Wound Healing Through Type I Interferons
… cells, which selectively express intracellular Toll-like receptors (TLR)-7 and TLR-9 and have the capacity to produce large amounts of type I IFNs (IFN-a/b) in response to viruses or host derived nucleic acid containing complexes. pDCs are normally absent in skin but accumulate in the skin of …
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Liquid-Liquid Phase Separations in Innate Immune DNA Sensing and NF-κB Signaling Pathways
… to cGAS robustly induced the formation of liquidlike droplets in which cGAS was activated. The disordered and positively charged cGAS N terminus enhanced cGAS-DNA phase separation by increasing the valencies of DNA binding. Long DNA was more efficient in promoting cGAS liquid phase separation and …
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The Role of MDA5 and TLR3 in Response to dsRNA and Viral Infection
… consists of a number of genetically encoded receptors that detect the products of viral replication and initiate signaling cascades leading to activation of the antiviral response. During the course of infection, many viruses produce dsRNA that can be recognized by two major arms of the …
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Role of Multiple Toll-Like Receptor Activation in Regulating Cytotoxic T Cell Priming to Lympocytic Choriomeningitis Virus Infections
Foreign pathogens are recognized by toll-like receptors (TLR), present on various immune cells such as professional antigen-presenting cells (pAPCs). On recognition of its ligand, these receptors activate pAPCs, which may in turn influence naïve CD8+ T cell activation and affect their abilities to …
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The expression and signalling patterns of CD180 toll like receptor in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia (CLL)
… received from the microenvironment, including toll-like receptors (TLR).Our group has previously shown that engagement of the CD180 orphan TLR expressed by approximately 60% of CLL cells, can re-wire the sIgM-mediated signalling from a pro-survival pathway, involving …
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Bacterial and host dynamics of Mycoplasma genitalium infection of the human female reporductive tract
… activated through ligation of highly expressed Toll-like receptors (TLR) including TLR2/6 heterodimers and TLR9. Based on the responses elicited by exposure of MG to reproductive tract epithelial cells, we next tested and determined that MG was susceptible to killing by human and murine …
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Toll Like Receptor Dependent Control of T Helper 17 Cell Differentiation and Inflammasome Activation
Activation of pattern recognition receptors on dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages leads to secretion of cytokines that control activation and differentiation of CD4+ T cells. While IL-12 is critical for Th1 lineage development, IL-6 and TGF-b play an important role in differentiation of Th17 …
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The Role of Fatty Acids on Toll-like Receptor 4 Regulation of Substrate Metabolism with Obesity
… in concert with chronic low-grade inflammation. Toll-like receptors (TLR) are transmembrane receptors that play an important role in innate immunity and the induction of inflammatory responses. Our laboratory has observed that TLR4 expression is elevated in the skeletal muscle of obese humans and …
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Probing the Mechanisms Underlying the Regulatory Effects of Cactin in Innate Immune Signalling Pathways
Toll-like Receptors (TLR)s are an essential class of Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRR)s used by the innate immune system to recognise conserved microbial motifs which are characteristic of invading pathogens. Activation of TLRs initiates signalling cascades resulting in the activation of …
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Impact of cross-fostering on the intestinal microbiome and mucosal immune gene expression in neonatal pigs
… was performed to quantify the expression of toll-like receptors (TLR) 2, 4, and 10, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), interferon gamma (IFNγ), and interleukin (IL) 4 and 10. Discriminant analysis revealed that bacterial communities varied with biogeographical location in the GI tract, with …
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Induction of Stronger and Long Lasting Vaccine Immunity to Tuberculosis
… in macrophages of mice after infection, through Toll-like receptor-1/2 (TLR-1/2) mediated signaling. In my first aim, I hypothesized that BCG-induced reduction of MHC-II levels in macrophages can decrease CD4 T cell function, while activation of other surface Toll-like receptors (TLR) can enhance …
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TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR EXPRESSION AND FUNCTION
… yet little is known about the role of toll-like receptors (TLR) which, upon activation, stimulate inflammation. The objective of this research was to determine: (1) baseline expression of TLRs in ocular surface cells, if TLR activation or products thereof (antimicrobial peptides, AMPs) …
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Novel Mechanisms Underlying the Inflammatory Effects of Leptin and Low Dose Endotoxin
Obesity over the last several has become a major health concern in our country as well as the world. Obesity is also one of the risk factors which lead to several inflammatory complications such as diabetes, artherosclerosis, etc. Two leading factors involved in the causes of inflammatory …
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CD180/RP105 Toll-like Receptor (TLR) mediated signalling in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia
… microenvironmental factors acting via a range of receptors, including Toll-like receptors (TLR). CD180/RP105 is a membrane-associated orphan receptor that belongs to the TLR family, is expressed by professional antigen-presenting cells, and drives normal B-cell activation and proliferation. We …
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Functional interaction between CD180 Toll-like receptor (TLR) and B cell receptor (BCR) in the biology of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia (CLL)
… through a range of cytokines and receptors, including Toll-like receptors (TLR). The role of the microenvironment in the development and progression of CLL is currently of major interest. Pathogen- and damage-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs and DAMPs, respectively) represent …
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Conservation and population genetics of African and Asian rhinoceros
… populations without management intervention will likely result in further loss of genetic diversity. (3) Adaptive loci within the immune system possess crucial information about the ability of a population to resist infectious pathogens. Toll-like receptors (TLR) bind pathogen-specific molecules …
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