Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 189 for “"Telomere"”.
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Avian telomere dynamics
Telomeres, the repetitive DNA sequences that cap eukaryotic chromosomes, are thought to play an important role in linking life conditions and senescence. In vertebrate somatic cells, telomeres shorten at each cell division, and the rate at which they do so has been linked to cellular and organismal …
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Telomere Position Effect in Human Cells
Telomeres are tracts of repetitive DNA that cap the ends of linear chromosomes. Each time the chromosome is duplicated, a small amount of telomeric DNA is lost from the end due to factors inherent in the mechanism of DNA replication. The result is a net shortening of telomeres with each cell …
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Investigating Mechanisms of Telomere End-Protection
… of the conserved shelterin component, Rap1, to telomere endprotection. Rap1 was first discovered in budding yeast as a transcription factor and was later shown to bind directly to telomeres. Two important functions of Rap1 in yeast are: the negative regulation of telomere length, and the …
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Exposure, telomere length, and cancer risk
Telomeres are tandem repeats of TTAGGG at the end of eukaryotic chromosomes. Telomeres play a key role in chromosome stability and regulation of the cellular lifespan. Telomeres are shortened during cell division, and probably, by not yet well characterised factors in the environment. Short …
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MULTI-ORGAN FAILURE DRIVEN BY TELOMERE UNCAPPING
The telomere-bound shelterin complex safeguards chromosome ends from being recognized as DNA double-strand breaks, a function mostly dependent on TRF2. Loss of TRF2 results in telomere uncapping, activation of the DNA damage response, and chromosomal end-to-end fusions, with dramatic consequences …
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Telomere Length Studies in Human Cancer Cells
Telomeres consist of repetitive DNA sequences and their associated binding proteins, and serve to protect linear chromosome ends from being recognized as double stranded breaks in need of repair. The telomeres of most normal diploid cells shorten with every cell division until they reach a …
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Mechanisms of Telomere End Protection by TRF2
… the ends of mammalian chromosomes, called telomeres. The six subunits of shelterin, TRF1, TRF2, TIN2, TPP1, POT1, and Rap1, each have distinct roles in telomere homeostasis. These include telomere length regulation and preventing telomeres from activating various DNA damage response (DDR) …
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Flap Endonuclease 1 ensures telomere replication and stability
Telomeres, protein-DNA structures that distinguish the end of a chromosome from a bona fide DNA double strand break, are integral to genomic stability. High fidelity replication of telomeres is indispensable for their stability. Telomere replication is a challenging task that is completed through …
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Telomere and Telomerase Dynamics in Human T Lymphocytes
… essentially opposite ends of the same problem. Telomeres are the cellular aging-clock that determines a cell's capability of proliferation. When normal cells divide, telomeres gets progressively shorter. When telomeres reach a critical short length, cells stop dividing. To compensate for the …
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Defining Multiple Steps in Human Telomere End Processing
Telomere overhangs are essential for chromosome end protection and telomerase extension, but how telomere overhangs are generated is unknown. Due to the classic end replication problem, leading DNA daughter strands are initially blunt while lagging daughters are shorter by at least the size of the …
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Telomere Dynamics and End Processing in Mammalian Cells
Telomeres are repetitive DNA sequences that end in single-stranded 3' overhangs. With each cell division, normal human cells lose a small amount of telomeric DNA due to the end-replication problem and the action of an unidentified nuclease. In order for tumor cells to divide indefinitely, they …
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Oncogenic Kras and Telomere Biology In Crc Progression
… introduced modification enables us to replicate telomere-based crisis and genome instability, subsequently followed by telomerase reactivation. In prior studies employing telomerase-inducible mouse models of prostate cancer, the introduction of crisis-telomerase sequences led to the development …
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Characterization and consequences of Telomere replication gone awry
Telomeres, the ends of linear eukaryotic chromosomes, pose several unique challenges to genome stability. My thesis work is concerned with the difficulties the replication machinery encounters when attempting to replicate telomeres, and with possible consequences of defects in telomere replication. …
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Telomere-Driven Tetraploidy and its Relevance to Cancer
… of tetraploidization in cancer, originating from telomere dysfunction, a widespread phenomenon in early tumorigene sis. Prolonged telomere deprotection caused by inactivation of the telomeric proteins POT1a and POT1b leads to tetraploidy in p53/Rb de cient mouse cells. Irreversible telomere …
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Antigenic Variation and Telomere Structure in Trypanosoma brucei
… throughout the genome, a few are located at telomere loci called expression sites (ESs) and only one is expressed at any time, suggesting a stringent regulatory mechanism. Here, it is demonstrated that trypanosomes engineered to express two VSGs simultaneously from the same ES can multiply in …
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Estimating telomere length from whole genome sequencing data
… the development of two computational tools, Telomerecat and Parabam, as well as their applications to whole genome sequencing (WGS) data. Telomerecat is a tool for estimating telomere length from WGS data. The strength of Telomerecat lies in its applicability. This applicability is due to a …
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Further Insight into the Two Functions of Telomeres: Determining the Role of Tankyrase1 in Telomere Length Regulation and Tin2 in Telomere Protection
… poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase that can localize to telomeres through its interaction with the shelterin component TRF1. Tankyrase1 poly(ADP-ribosyl)ates TRF1 in vitro, and its nuclear overexpression leads to loss of TRF1 and telomere elongation, suggesting that tankyrase1 is a positive regulator of …
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The Role of Pot1 in Telomere Protection and Maintenance
… telomeric DNA binding protein implicated in telomere length regulation in human cells. To address the role of POT1 in telomere protection we used RNAi in human cells. We confirmed that POT1 acts as a negative regulator of telomerase and showed that POT1 is required to protect telomeres. …
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Biochemical analysis of proteins in the telomere maintenance pathway
… culminate in nucleoprotein structures designated telomeres. The terminal telomeric DNA consists of tandem repeats of a G-rich motif that is established and maintained by the action of the specialized reverse transcriptase called telomerase. In addition to the function of telomerase, the telomere …
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