Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
Results
Showing 1 to 16 of 16 for “"Synaptic Loss"”.
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Losing Connection: Developmental Stress and Synaptic Loss in Caenorhabditis elegans
… stress affects developmental and age-related synaptic formation and elimination and explore the potential pathways involved. In chapter III we demonstrate that stress from either genetic, proteotoxic, pathogenic, or chemical exposure results in the generation of fewer net synapses. We observed …
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Synaptic loss in the primary tauopathies of Progressive Supranuclear Palsy and Corticobasal Degeneration
… in areas without atrophy. I propose that synaptic loss prior to cell loss contributes to these effects of disease. Chapter two summarises my cohort and principal methods. I quantify synaptic density in vivo with dynamic [11C]UCB-J PET, and molecular pathology with [18F]AV1451 PET. Brain …
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Targeting Kremen1 Downregulation with RVG-9R/siRNA Complexes in the Triple-Transgenic Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease
… characterized by cognitive decline and memory loss. Memory loss observed in AD results from the loss of neurons and synapses which may be caused by the disruption of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway by Dickkopf-1 (Dkk-1). Under normal conditions, the canonical Wnt signaling pathway is …
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Microglial Phagocytosis of Bacteria and Synapses
… of synapses is a crucial facilitator of the ‘synaptic pruning’ that occurs in the developing brain, but this regulation is poorly understood. Here, the mechanisms that regulate microglial phagocytosis of synapses were studied. Calreticulin and galectin-3 opsonised isolated synapses, or …
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Imaging Correlates of Heterogeneity in the Syndromes Associated with Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration
… changes to imaging markers of neuronal loss, cell death and synaptic loss. I find that subcortical atrophy from structural MRI relates to cortical functional network disruption, and that synaptic loss measured through [<sup>11</sup>C]UCB-J positron emission tomography affects behaviour …
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Synaptic Excitatory to Inhibitory imbalance in Alzheimer’s Disease
… performance, brain atrophy, neuronal and synaptic loss, and abnormal aggregation of amyloid beta and tau proteins. Notably, prodromal Alzheimer’s disease is characterized by mild cognitive impairment, increments in the occurrence of seizures and abnormal electroencephalographic activity. …
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The role of the microglial P2Y₆ receptor in ageing, development, and tauopathy
… were protected from ageing-associated memory loss. Finally, in a chronic model of tauopathy, *P2ry6⁻´⁻* mice were protected from both TAU-induced memory loss and tauopathy. The goal of this thesis was to investigate microglial-dependent mechanisms might protect *P2ry6⁻´⁻* mice from ageing- and …
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Synaptic morphology, function, and regulation in a paediatric-onset neurodegenerative disorder
… pathology, negligible neuronal cell loss occurs. This suggests that neurological dysfunction does not arise from cellular loss, but rather discrete structural or functional changes in the neurons themselves. Disease pathogenesis is presently not well understood, and the molecular …
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Identification of the cellular mechanisms undelying the contribution of stress and glucocorticoids to Alzheimer's disease pathology
… the latter leads to cytoskeletal disruption and synaptic loss. Experiments in laboratory animals and cell systems established that stress/GC can contribute to AD pathology by triggering the amyloidogenic pathway of APP processing by increasing the expression of APP-cleaving enzymes (BACE and …
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Glia-mediated mechanisms of HIV-1-gp120-induced Synaptic Degeneration
… system causes various neurologic diseases. Synaptic degeneration is a critical underlying neurological pathology. However, the mechanism by which HIV-1 causes synaptic degeneration is unclear. In this dissertation, we tested the role of HIV- envelope protein gp120 in pathogenesis of …
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Influence of ApoE polymorphism on synaptic morphometry during aging in the dentate gyrus of ApoE knockout and human ApoE transgenic mice
… the influence of ApoE polymorphism on structural synaptic parameters in the middle molecular layer (MML) of the dentate gyrus of wild type (WT), ApoE knockout (KO) and human ApoE (hApoE) transgenic mice, from 6 to 24 months of age using unbiased stereological methods at the EM level. In hApoE4 …
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ApoE Receptors in Alzheimer's and CNS Function
… and ApoE receptor ligand Reelin, which enhances synaptic plasticity and protects against amyloid β (Aβ) oligomer-induced synaptic toxicity in vitro. Here, mice with reduced Reelin expression were more sensitive to amyloid-induced synaptic suppression, and had memory and learning disabilities at …
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Cofilin-actin rods: quantification and comparison to tau pathology in a human longitudinal aging study and developing probes to measure localization and activity of NADPH oxidase 2, a component of the prion-dependent rod inducing pathway
… in plaques, are most responsible for the synaptic loss and eventual neuronal death that accompanies AD progression. In cultured mammalian neurons, treatment with this more relevant, soluble form of Aβ induces the formation of cofilin-actin rods within neurons. Rods may grow to occlude the …
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Effects of system complexity on protein aggregation in neurodegeneration
… is characterised by extensive brain atrophy, synaptic loss, and the accumulation of two types of protein aggregates: amyloid β (Aβ) plaques and tau neurofibrillary tangles. The deposition of Aβ can be causally linked to familial and early onset AD, however Aβ-targeting treatments against the …
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Lipid raft signaling in cofilin-actin rod formation induced by amyloid-β and TNFα
… Rods represent a likely mechanism to explain the synaptic loss associated with early stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and thus represent a novel target for therapeutic intervention. In live neurons, the study of cofilin-actin rod formation induced by specific mediators of stress has been limited …
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Akt signal transduction dysfunction in the 3xTg-AD mouse model of Alzheimer's disease
… the hyperphosphorylated tau protein, along with synaptic loss and neuronal death. There are numerous biochemical mechanisms involved in AD pathogenesis, however the reigning hypothesis points to toxic oligomeric Aβ species as the primary causative factor in a cascade of events leading to neuronal …