Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 22 for “"Supraspinal"”.
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Supraspinal actions of pentobarbital on transmission through the spinothalamic tract
Despite the advances made in our understanding of the molecular mechanistic actions of general anesthetics very little is known about the in vivo neural circuits involved in creating the state of general anesthesia. To date the common consensus is that general anesthetics act ubiquitously within …
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Frog Spinal Motoneurons: Their Supraspinal Synaptic Input and Anatomical Localization
<p>Techniques were developed for maintaining a bullfrog spinal cord in situ and for recording intracellularly from lumbar motoneurons in this preparation. Fibers in the contralateral and ipsilateral lateral funiculi of the spinal cord which originate at or above the calamus scriptorius were found …
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NEURAL MECHANISMS SUPPORTING COGNITIVE INFLUENCES ON SUPRASPINAL NOCICEPTIVE PROCESSING: INSIGHTS FROM BRAIN LESIONS
… suggest that neural mechanisms operating at supraspinal level may allow cognitive information to directly influence cortical processing of nociceptive information. In contrast to studies that show attenuation or facilitation of incoming sensory information from the spinal cord, these …
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Cutaneous and Supraspinal Control of the Axial Muscles in the Rat: Implications for Behavior
… research their responses to cutaneous inputs and supraspinal influences were studied. The pudendal nerve (PN), which innervates the skin regions contacted by males during sexual behavior, was stimulated electrically and the responses in the dorsal roots, the lateral longissimus muscle (LL) and its …
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Central and peripheral determinants of fatigue in acute hypoxia
… arise from central and/or peripheral mechanisms. Supraspinal fatigue (a component of central fatigue) is defined as a suboptimal output from the motor cortex and measured using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). Reductions in O2 supply (hypoxia) exacerbate fatigue and as the severity of …
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Toward a greater understanding of the brain processes underlying handgrip and handgrip fatigue
… is limited by muscle fatigue. However, the supraspinal mechanisms of handgrip and handgrip fatigue are not fully understood despite the importance of this fundamental movement, numerous publications, and its presence as a longstanding research topic. This thesis investigates the brain …
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Behaviour of single motor units in human skeletal muscle
… mechanisms were in action - for instance a supraspinal facilitation and a peripheral as well as supraspinal inhibitory one. Hufschmidt's (1959) work has already been discussed. He has shown that inhibitory reflexes from muscle and tendon receptors are overactive in Parkinsonism. It is now …
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Antinociceptive actions of descending catecholaminergic tracts on dorsal horn somatosensory neurones
… of transmitting nociceptive information to supraspinal sites; in the rat (spinothalamic tract neurones) and in the cat (spinocervical tract neurones).
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Connectivity of dI3 Interneurons In the Development of Mice Spinal Cord
… circuitry. In particular, the development of supraspinal, sensory and motor fibers come together to form organized spinal circuits capable of producing skilled movements that are volitionally controlled. Primitive reflexes such as the palmar grasp reflex (PGR) are known to disappear during …
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Investigating the Influence of Upper Limb Movements on Lower Limb Neuroplasticity in Humans
… cortical silent period duration, indicating supraspinal engagement with therapeutic potential. Although spinal effects were less consistent, a subset of participants demonstrated responsiveness, underscoring the importance of individualized assessment in clinical populations. Together, these …
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Characterizing Effects of Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor 1 Activation in Subtypes of Central Amygdala Neurons and Effects of Prenatal Methadone Exposure on Motor Cortex Neurons in Mice
… excitability in the central amygdala (CeA), a supraspinal node of the descending pain pathway. The CeA is made up of a heterogenous population of neurons which form complex local and long-range circuits. The central lateral amygdala (CeL) consists of two major populations of inhibitory neurons …
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Specific connectivity and molecular diversity of mouse rubrospinal neurons
… excitatory and inhibitory interneurons, and supraspinal control from higher brain regions in the CNS. Descending pathways from the cortex and midbrain are involved in the control of voluntary motor output. This is made possible by their projections onto spinal interneurons and, to a degree …
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Modulation of corticospinal excitability during arm cycling in humans
… stimulation were implemented to examine supraspinal and spinal excitability, and bridge the gap between animal and human research. Therefore, this thesis set out to determine changes in corticospinal excitability in biceps brachii during different motor outputs, including those generated …
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Klassische Konditionierung posturaler Reaktionen beim Menschen, unter Einbeziehung der Kleinhirnfunktion
… (CS). To modify spinal postural reflexes supraspinal structures have to be involved. Subjects used the information given by the CS in a completely different manner. Two classes of response-patterns were observed, which were assumed to be based on different strategies. For the strategy I an …
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Douleur et analgésie : le rôle des hormones sexuelles
… du système nerveux (périphérique, spinal ou supraspinal) cette action prenait place. Différentes combinaisons d'antagonistes spécifiques pour chaque type de récepteurs opioïdes ([mu], [delta], et [kappa]) ont été également administrées aux rats femelles afin de déterminer le mode d'action …
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Functional recovery in young adult and aged rats following delayed, intramuscular treatment with neurotrophin-3 after focal stroke injury.
… thesis demonstrates that NT3 induces spinal and supraspinal neuroplasticity: brain imaging during forearm stimulation shows reorganisation upon treatment. Recovery was associated with neuroanatomical plasticity in the spinal cord of spared corticospinal and serotonergic pathways, which express …
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The ergogenic effect of transcranial direct current stimulation on cycling time to exhaustion task performance in physically active people.
… an increased amount of descending drive from supraspinal regions is required to maintain task performance. Numerous investigations have conducted to identify the different method to decrease muscle fatigue during an endurance task. These studies have indicated that techniques that can increase …
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Neurophysiological Adaptations to Resistance Training and Repetitive Grasping
… with respect to adaptation within central or supraspinal centers: 56). To this end, we recorded movement-related cortical potentials: MRCP), i.e. electroencephalography: EEG)-derived event-related potentials, in healthy adults prior to and following a program of lower body resistance training. …
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Sensory and Hypothalamic Control of Lordosis Behavior in Female Rodents
… as a tonic, estrogen-dependent facilitation of supraspinal lordosis control mechanisms located more caudally in the brainstem. The laterally, rather than the medially, descending efferent fibers from the ventromedial nucleus may play a quantitatively more important role in the control of …
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Effects of Omega-3s and Vitamin E Prophylactic Diets and the Implications of Lipid Transport in Spinal Cord Injury
… dietary Vitamin E also increased the levels of supraspinal serotonin immunoreactivity. FAT/CD36 mRNA levels were increased at 7 days post-injury and its protein levels remained constant despite neuronal and oligodendrocyte loss. We observed the highest IR in motor neurons of the ventral gray …
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