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Showing 1 to 20 of 53 for “"Suprachiasmatic nucleus"”.
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Circadian Timekeeping of Body Temperature by the Mammalian Suprachiasmatic Nucleus
… peripheral clocks in mammals. The hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is required for generating the ~24-hour rhythms of body temperature (Tb); however, the neural mechanism underlying this regulation remains poorly understood. Here, we searched for circadian clocks in the SCN that are …
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Investigating Anatomical and Neurochemical Topology of the Mammalian Suprachiasmatic Nucleus
… such circadian timing is governed by the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) containing approximately 20,000 cells which are heterogeneous in their expression of signalling molecules, rhythmic properties and connectivity to one another. It is through emergent network properties that the diversity …
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Cellular Mechanisms Underlying the Action of Melatonin in the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus
… focused on its role in circadian physiology. The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is the circadian pacemaker in all mammals. Melatonin phase advances the circadian rhythm of the activity of the SCN neurons when administered at specific times of the day. This effect is more pronounced at dusk. Also …
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The roles of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in circadian entrainment of suprachiasmatic nucleus
In mammalian hypothalamus, the suprachiasmatic nucleus: SCN) generates daily behavioral and physiological rhythms as a circadian pacemaker. The 20,000 SCN neurons synchronize to each other and to the ambient cues to generate coherent daily rhythms. Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide: VIP), a …
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Fetal tissue containing the suprachiasmatic nucleus restores circadian rhythms in old rats
… rats deteriorate or even disappear with age. The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) in the anteroventral hypothalamus has been identified as the major circadian pacemaker in mammals. When fetal tissue containing the SCN is transplanted into young rats whose circadian rhythms have been abolished by SCN …
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Characterizing cerebellin-short, a novel circadian peptide, in the rat suprachiasmatic nucleus
… the sleep/wake cycle, are orchestrated by the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) located in the hypothalamus. Mass spectrometry peptidomics of the SCN identified the small peptide cerebellin-short (SGSAKBSAIRSTN) consisting of 15 amino acids, which is released from the SCN in circadian fashion. …
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The Role of SOX2 in Molecular Circadian Clock Regulation and Suprachiasmatic Nucleus Development
… Sox2 expression. One of such regions is the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), that contains the mammalian central circadian clock. The 20,000 clock neurons in the SCN are responsible for interpreting photic signals and orchestrating oscillations in peripheral tissues. In this study, I …
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Molecular Mechanisms of Melatonin Action on the Rat Suprachiasmatic Nucleus: An in Vitro Analysis
… are synchronized to the solar cycle by the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the mammalian brain. Cells of the SCN undergo a near 24-hour pattern of cellular events that convey time-of-day information to target organs. The endogenous nature of this dock is based in a molecular feedback loop …
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The role of redox oscillation in circadian physiology of the suprachiasmatic nucleus and hippocampus
The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus is the master regulator of the circadian clock in mammals. It generates daily rhythms of behavior, metabolism, and other important physiological processes. Misalignment of this internal circadian clock with the external environment can lead to …
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Functional Organization and Information Processing Within the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus Assessed by Multiunit Recording in Vitro
The rat suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) contains a network of interconnected cellular circadian pacemakers. The functional organization of circadian pacemaker activity, and information processing in the SCN were examined using electrophysiological methods in vitro. A novel carbon fiber bundle (CFB) …
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Circadian rhythms of redox state and regulation of neuronal excitability in suprachiasmatic nucleus of rodents
… by the central circadian clock in the brain, the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), where a genetic oscillator plays an essential role. Clock-gene transcription/translation is sensitive to metabolic (redox) change; however, energetic cycles manifest as circadian rhythms in protein oxidation have been …
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The role of light signaling on astrocytic morphological plasticity in the adult male rat suprachiasmatic nucleus
… to the optic chiasm, this hypothalamic nucleus was named the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). Environmental light signaling conveys time of day and seasonal changes to the SCN via the retinohypothalamic tract (RHT). The SCN then relays this information to the brain and the rest of the body …
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Exploring the role of Gastrin-Releasing Peptide Neurons in Circadian Time-Keeping of the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus
… synchronised by a master clock, the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), which provides internal time cues to create coherent circadian rhythms of physiology and behaviour. Time-keeping in the SCN operates at two levels: the intra-cellular, cell-autonomous transcriptional/translational …
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The Role of Atypical PKC in the Plasticity of the Circadian Clock in the Rat Suprachiasmatic Nucleus
… master circadian clock, which locates within the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus. The endogenous circadian rhythms generated by the SCN are actively synchronized by the environmental light. The photic signals are transferred by the excitatory neurotransmitter, glutamate (GLU), …
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Investigation of the Signaling Mechanisms of the Pineal Hormone Melatonin in the in Vitro Rat Suprachiasmatic Nucleus
… by the master biological clock located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus in the brain. The SCN controls production of the pineal hormone, melatonin, thereby restricting its release to the nighttime. The SCN, in turn, expresses high-affinity receptors for melatonin, and …
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Functional Peptidomics: Combining Discovery-Based Mass Spectrometry and Neurophysiology to Explore Communication of Phase -Resetting Cues in the Rat Suprachiasmatic Nucleus
This thesis justifies functional peptidomics as a useful approach to understanding intercellular signaling mechanisms regulating SCN clock phase. Directly detecting dynamic release properties of peptides from the SCN brain slice provides new insights on a complex phenomenon phenomenon. The …
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The roles of nitric oxide,cGMP, and cGMP-dependent protein kinase in generation and modulation of circadian rhythms by the suprachiasmatic nucleus
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Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase -Activating Peptide Signaling in the Mouse Circadian Clock
… the endogenous period of circadian rhythms. The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus is the mammalian circadian pacemaker, which can be studied in an isolated slice preparation. Measurement and replacement of glutamate-induced signaling components to the SCN slice indicate that a …
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Effect of Zolpidem, Zaleplon, and Ramelton on cognitive functioning after awakening from napping
… that bind to the melatonin receptor in the suprachiasmatic nucleus. \r\nCognitive performance following a “full night’s” rest after taking these medications has been more thoroughly studied than performance decrements should return to duty be required. These hypnotics may be used to induce …
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Caffeine and Human Perception of Time
… of the brain's internal clock, controlled by the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), which is believed to mediate the perception of short durations, is sensitive to a variety of stimuli including stimulants. This study expands on previous research on the effect of caffeine on prospective time …
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