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Showing 1 to 20 of 37 for “"Stirred tank reactors"”.
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Prediction of the hydrodynamics in stirred tank reactors
… to find a suitable set of model parameters for stirred tank reactors. In view of this, the present study investigated the performance of the standard k - ε model to predict the flow field in stirred tank reactors. The parametric analysis presented herein involves variation of the parameters in …
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Experimental determination of the mixing requirements for solid suspension in pharmaceutical stirred tank reactors
Glass and glass-lined, stirred-tank reactors are of significant importance in the pharmaceutical and related industries. Because of fabrication issues, a retreat blade impeller (RBI) with a low impeller clearance off the tank bottom is commonly used in glass-lined reactors, typically combined with …
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Experimental investigation of the fluid velocity distribution in stirred tank reactors equipped with retreat-blade impellers using laser doppler velocimetry
Stirred tank reactors are commonly used in the pharmaceutical industry for synthesis of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (API's) and their intermediates. Typically, these vessels are glass-lined and are provided with a single retreat-blade glass-lined impeller and a single baffle. Despite their …
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Novel experimental method for the determination of the minimum agitation speed for solids suspension in flat-bottomed stirred tank reactors
… to suspend finely divided solids in vessels stirred by an impeller is a critical parameter to properly operate industrial tanks in a large number of industrial operations. The most common experimental approach to measure N_{js} is that of Zwietering’s (Chem. Eng. Sci., 1958, 8, 244-253), …
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Turbulent mixing and chemical reaction in baffled stirred tank reactors : a comparison between experiments and a novel micromixing-based computational fluid dynamics model
… dynamics of complex vessels (such as agitated reactors) and to predict the velocity distribution in turbulent systems such as mixers and reactors. In this work a novel approach based on the use of CFD coupled with micromixing models was used to predict the behavior of a multiple, competitive …
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Polymerisation of vinyl monomers in continuous-flow reactors. An experimental study, which includes digital computer modelling, of the homopolymerisation of styrene and methylmethacrylate by anionic and free radical mechanisms respectively in continuous flow-stirred-tank reactors.
… in each type of polymerisation, polymerisation reactors, computer simulation of polymerisation processes and polymer characterisation by gel permeation chromatography. A novel computer model has been devised, based on the analysis of the polymerisation process in terms of the reaction extent of …
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Base metal heap and tank leaching of a platreef flotation concentrate using ammoniacal solutions
… settings i.e. shake flasks, columns and batch stirred tank reactors, respectively. The process investigated aims to use either a heap leaching environment or tank leaching of untreated low-grade concentrates under ambient conditions and mild temperatures. This process is proposed as an …
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Modelagem de tratamento biológico de esgotos em reator batelada sequencial
… BOD from sewage has been performed is continuous stirred tank reactors, operating at very low concentration of effluent within the reactor. The rate of reaction is normaly proportional to concentration and therefore very long residence time is required. This work examines the kinetic advantage …
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Application of additives in horseradish peroxidase-catalyzed removal of phenol derivatives from aqueous solution.
… Although the model is obtained from batch reactors, it can also be applied to plug flow reactors and continuous stirred tank reactors as well. Experiments prove that there is no need to stir the reaction mixture during the entire reaction period. Batch reactors and plug flow reactors have …
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Adaptive neural network control of discrete-time nonlinear systems
… for two practical affine/non-affine continuous stirred tank reactors systems, show the effectiveness of the proposed control schemes.
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Disruption of microorganisms due to agitation in slurries of fine particles
… when agitated in slurries of fine particles in a stirred tank. The most widely used industrial process involving agitation of microorganisms in slurries of particles in stirred tanks is the biooxidation process. Mixed cultures of thiobacilli are used in stirred tank reactors for the biooxidation …
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Dynamic simulation of the leaching and adsorption sections of a gold plant
… ions. The leaching process occurs in a series of stirred tank reactors and is easily modelled. The adsorption process is far more challenging to model. The adsorption occurs on carbon particles which are mixed into the pulp and this gives rise to the name carbon-in-pulp (CIP). The actual …
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The Simulation of a Controlled Tubular Reactor with Counter-current Heat Transfer
… reactor and a cascade of five continuous flow stirred tank reactors (CSTR) on a digital computer under transient open loop and controlled conditions are compared with the experimental results of the same system partially simulated as a cascade of five CSTR's. The forcing function was a 50% …
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Selective hydrogenation of α,β[alpha,beta]-unsaturated aldehydes towards clean synthesis over noble metal catalysts in mass transfer efficient three phase reactors
… and ruthenium catalysts was carried out in stirred tank reactors and cocurrent downflow reactors in order to study the kinetics and mass transfer characteristics and the selectivity towards the corresponding desired product, hydrocinnamaldehyde or cinnamyl alcohol. When palladium catalysts …
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Design and Analysis of Methods to Eliminate Oscillatory Behavior in Bioreactors for Viral Vaccine Manufacturing
Continuous stirred tank reactors, or CSTRs, are one of the most commonly used reactors in the biomanufacturing sector. This is because CSTRs offer a relatively simple design, operate by maintaining a constant and predictable outlet concentration, and have been utilized and studied long enough for …
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Redox Reactions Influencing Lead Concentrations in Drinking Water: Formation and Dissolution of Lead(IV) Oxide and Impact of Galvanic Corrosion
… free chlorine, and iodide using continuously stirred tank reactors: CSTRs). Increasing the pH decreased the dissolution rate. The presence of free chlorine inhibited PbO2 dissolution, while the presence of iodide greatly accelerated PbO2 dissolution. The reductive dissolution of PbO2 was …
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Bijels For Continuous Reactive Separations
… continuous processing is possible, membrane reactors have limitations in their interfacial area. A recently developed class of soft materials, bicontinuous interfacially jammed emulsion gels or bijels provide opportunity to overcome the shortcomings of emulsions and membrane-based biphasic …
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Cellulose mineralization in two-stage anaerobic digestion systems
… acid-methane system consisted of two consecutive reactors, an acidogenic reactor and a methanogenic reactor with both operated at mesophilic temperatures (35°C). The thermo-meso process consisted a thermophilic reactor (55°C) followed by a mesophilic unit. All the reactors used were …
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Particle size prediction in reactive precipitation processes
… of palladium metal has been studied in semibatch stirred tank reactors. Scale-up from the bench scale to the 20 gallon scale has been studied using empirical scale-up rules. Some of the well-known difficulties and benefits associated with empirical methods for scale-up have been observed in this …
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