Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 133 for “"Spacers"”.
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Static Mixing Spacers for Spiral Wound Modules
… osmosis and Nanofiltration membrane processes.Spacers are used in spiral wound modules to create feed and permeate flow channels and to enhance mass transfer rates by reducing concentration polarization. Most spacers possess a ladder or mesh structure and rely on the generation of turbulence …
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Mirror-Coupled Nanoantennas with Hexagonal-Boron Nitride Spacers
Transparent dielectric materials are employed in a wide range of optical resonators. Combining plasmonic nanoantennas with such resonators enables the formation of nanoscale optical resonances. The novel nano-optics observed by combining these heterostructures with optically active media is laying …
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Functional Molecular Spacers for Plasmonic Nanojunctions: Design, Synthesis and Self-Assembly
… by the chemical structure of the molecular spacers used for nano self-assembly. In this work, I develop bespoke spacer molecules based on a set of functional design criteria for optimisation of the nanophotonic applications described above. Three different classes of molecular spacer are …
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Recovering from Dormancy: Fixation of CSM6-Inducing Spacers in the Bacterial Population
… explanation as to why cells may opt to acquire spacers that rely on Csm6 activity. Finally, my work shows that Csm6-induced dormancy is reversible in a subset of cells through the eventual degradation of the phage DNA, explaining how such spacers are maintained within the population. …
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The synthesis and in vitro evaluation of short interfering RNAs that contain internal modified alkyl spacers
The ability to silence genes effectively at the pre-translational level through the use of short interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) has become a widely studied area since the discovery of the RNA interference pathway in 1998. The ability to silence genes at this point in the central dogma of cell …
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Rarely Acquired Type II-A CRISPR-Cas Spacers Mediate Anti-Viral Immunity Through the Targeting of a Non-Canonical PAM Sequence
… interspersed with short fragments of phage DNA (spacers). The cas genes code for proteins that regulate 1) the acquisition of new spacers during phage infection ("immunization") and 2) the use of spacer transcripts to identify and degrade complementary foreign DNA sequences (protospacers) to …
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The synthesis and in vitro evaluation of chemically modified siRNAs that contain internal azobenzene derivative spacers for selective and tunable photocontrol of activity
… the incorporation of azobenzene derivative spacers into the RNA backbone replacing 2 base pairs. A small library of siRNAs were synthesized and then characterized bio-physically through several means. After bio-physical characterization, these siRNAs were tested in vitro against firefly …
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Functional Organization of Molecular Memories in the CRISPR-Cas Immune System
… (~30bp) of foreign origin. Upon infection, spacers are excised from the foreign genome and integrated into the array. The array is then transcribed and parsed into individual CRISPR RNAs, each containing a single spacer sequence, which are used by Cas nucleases to identify foreign nucleic …
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Cas9-Primed Adaptive Immunity During the CRISPR-Cas Response
… intercalated with variable sequences known as spacers. Following viral infection, these sequences are acquired from the viral genome and integrated in the CRISPR array as new spacers. Spacers are then transcribed into CRISPR RNAs (crRNAs) that direct the Cas nucleases to destroy the invader …
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The synthesis and in vivo evaluation of chemically modified siRNAs that contain red-shifted internal azobenzene derivative spacers for selective and tunable photocontrol of activity without UV light
… the incorporation of azobenzene derivative spacers into RNA backbones by replacing two base pairs. Several siRNAs were synthesized, and then characterized bio-physically through several means. After bio-physical characterization, these siRNAs were tested in vitro against firefly luciferase …
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Feed channel spacer characteristics and their optimisation
… refers to the optimization of feed channel spacers, which is investigated in this thesis. The feed channel spacers serve to improve the mass transfer by promoting turbulence and provide passage for the fluid. However, the presence of spacers also significantly increases the channel pressure …
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Modulation of the CRISPR-Cas9 Immune Response
… DNA sequences from invading phages, known as spacers. Spacers are inserted into the CRISPR locus and serve as templates for the transcription of guides used by RNA-guided nucleases to recognize complementary sequences of the invaders and start the CRISPR immune response. CRISPR-Cas systems …
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Generation of Memory of Infection During the CRISPR-Cas9 Immune Response
… Upon infection, short phage sequences known as spacers integrate between CRISPR repeats and are transcribed into small RNA molecules that guide the Cas9 nuclease to the viral targets (protospacers). Streptococcus pyogenes Cas9 cleavage of the viral genome requires the presence of a 5′-NGG-3′ …
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Relative Bio-Equivalence of Salbutamol MDIs Without and With the Attached Spacers. Development and validation of novel HPLC methods for the determination of salbutamol (and terbutaline) in urine excreted post-inhalation for bioequivalence and pharmacokinetic studies of Salbutamol MDIs
… to determine the bioequivalence of the MDIs. The spacers recommended for use with these inhalers were also studied, and charcoal block studies were performed to assess the extent of USAL0.5. The three MDIs had FPD (μg) of 78, 91 and 89, respectively; the latter pair was equivalent. Their USAL0.5 …
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Phenotypic and genotypic analysis of persistent and sporadic isolates of listeria monocytogenes
… of persistent strains contain distinct CRISPR spacers? (ii) Do isolates of persistent strains have higher growth rates or ability to grow in various stressful conditions or carbon sources associated with food environments? CRISPRs, or clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats, …
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Crystal engineering of MOF based on polypyridyl ligands and coordinatively unsatured NiII ions
… of ligands were prepared: bidentate rigid spacers such as the 1,4-bis(3-pyridyl)-butadiyne ligand; semi-rigid bidentate spacers such as the 2,5-bis(4-pyridyl)-4-thia-1,3-thiazolidine and 2,5-bis-(3-pyridyl)-4-thia-1,3-thiazolidine ligands, and a set of tridentate spacers such as 1 …
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CFD simulation of polarization phenomena in direct contact membrane distillation systems
… polarization are further complicated by spacers, a mesh-like material that separates and supports tightly packed membrane sheets. These interactions are not well understood, because they are difficult to study experimentally and numerically, and the flow regimes are not fully charted. We …
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Irradiation induced damage in CANDU spacer material Inconel X-750
… used in the cores of reactors, such as spacers in CANada Deuterium Uranium (CANDU) fuel channels. Prior to their application in commercial reactors, accelerated irradiation tests had been conducted in liquid metal fast reactors. Results did not indicate any problem stemming from …
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Synthesis of polyionic tetraazaporphyrins and their Langmuir-Blodgett properties.
… carboxylic acid moieties attached via alkyl spacers have been prepared as new polyionic discotics. Octaester TAP precursors were synthesized following the established Mg propanolate route and subsequently cleaved to the octaacid TAPs. Octaacid TAPs with spacers of 3, 5, and 10 methylene …
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Restriction-Modification and CRISPR-Cas Systems: Cooperation Between Innate and Adaptive Immunity in Prokaryotes
… separated by unique DNA sequences known as spacers. During phage infection, short DNA fragments are taken from the viral DNA and integrated into the CRISPR locus to form new spacers. These sequences are then transcribed into CRISPR RNAs (crRNAs). In type II-A CRISPRCas systems, the crRNAs …
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