Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 35 for “"Somatic tissues"”.
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The Polycomb Complex 2 contributes to developmental delay when histone methylation is inappropriately inherited
… expression of MES-4-marked germline genes in somatic tissues and a severe developmental delay. Work from the Strome Lab showed that the Polycomb Repressive Complex II (PRC2), which includes the H3K27 methyltransferase, MES-2, antagonizes MES-4 activity to maintain proper gene expression during …
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Computational Analysis of Transcriptional Regulation
… It has recently been described that aged somatic tissues have greater cell-to-cell transcriptional variability. Ageing is also associated with a decline in male fertility. Some have attributed this to the clonal expansion of selfish spermatogonial lineages. To address this, I explored the …
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The origin and consequences of mutational processes in the human germline
… Despite exhibiting a similar mutation burden to somatic tissues, the germline mitochondrial genome displayed a tissue-specific age-related increase in copy number. Furthermore, although likely driven by the same mutational processes as in somatic tissues, I found that mitochondrial mutations in …
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Telomere Dynamics of Grey Seals (Halichoerus grypus) on Sable Island, Nova Scotia: a Long-Lived Marine Mammal Population Island
… Loss in telomere length occurs with age in somatic tissues and is exacerbated by sources of stress, particularly during early life. Loss in telomere length with age is well documented, but rarely in long-lived mammals due to sampling difficulty. This study used an established qPCR assay to …
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An exploration of mutation effect sizes in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans
… DNA replication errors and DNA damage. In somatic tissues, oxidative damage resulting from free radical attacks on DNA is an important and well-characterized cause of mutation, contributing to many diseases and to the aging process. In contrast, it is not known whether oxidative damage can …
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Mosquito Transposable Elements and piwi Genes
… piwi genes were expressed either in germline tissues or developing embryos. Differential expression patterns were observed. While most piwis were transcribed in the ovaries, testis, and embryos, two piwis appear to have a zygotic expression. Three piwi genes (piwi 3, piwi 4, and Ago3) were …
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Transposable Elements in Neural Progenitor Cells
… cells. This feature is unique compared to other somatic tissues, where DNA-methylation is prevalent. Here I demonstrate, that transposable elements MMERVK10C and IAP1 in mouse neural progenitor cells are repressed by the establishment of H3K9me3-associated heterochromatin. De-repressed MMERVK10C …
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Development and Characterization of Viral-Based Gene Editing In Vivo
… can efficiently modify disease-relevant genes in somatic tissues with high efficiency. AAV vectors are a preferred delivery vehicle for tissue-directed gene therapy because of their ability to achieve sustained expression from largely non-integrating episomal genomes. However, for genome editing …
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Visualizing the Structural Basis of Genome Silencing
… the acquisition of the pluripotent state during somatic cell reprogramming is coincident with the disruption of compact heterochromatin domains. Using Electron Spectroscopic Imaging (ESI), I made the surprising observation that the heterochromatin domains of the induced pluripotent and of the …
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Oct4 and Sox2 regulate methylation at the Igf2/H19 imprinting control region
… in partial methylation of the maternal ICR in somatic tissues but had little effect on imprinted expression of H19 and Igf2. Although a subset of oocytes showed partial methylation of the mutant ICR, maternally inherited mutant alleles were unmethylated in blastocysts, indicating that the …
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Metakaryotic biology : novel genomic organization in human stem-like cells of fetal-juvenile development and carcinogenesis
… or "metakaryotic," nuclei are abundant in fetal tissues and neoplasias, but rare in normal adult somatic tissues. Metakaryotic nuclei employ an unusual process for division in which DNA synthesis, partial genomic condensation, and separation of the two nuclei in a cup-from-cup fashion occur …
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Studies of site-specific DNA double strand break repair in plants
… excision and <i>I-SceI</i> induced DSBs: (i) In somatic tissues, <i>Ac/Ds</i> induced HR preferentially utilizes SSA and/or represses GC 4 fold higher than <i>I-SceI</i>; (ii) In germinal tissues, repair of <i>Ac/Ds</i> induced DSBs favors NHEJ and strongly represses HR by 2 to 3 orders …
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Regulation of Active DNA Demethylation and its Role in Fertility in Arabidopsis thaliana
… of the DEMETER family of DNA glycosylases in somatic tissues: dme;ros1;dml2;dml3 (drdd). This mutant displays an early flowering phenotype which was linked to downregulation of the floral repressor FLOWERING LOCUS C, concurrent with DRDD-dependent hypermethylation in the 5’ flanking region. I …
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How to Mend a Broken Mitochondrial Genome: Mitochondrial Recombination And Its Applications
… mtDNA recombination in Drosophila germline and somatic tissues. Moreover, loss of REC increased age-induced mitochondrial mutation load and dysfunction, showing that REC safeguards mtDNA during ageing. Next, I investigated whether the mitochondrial function of REC is conserved in humans. The …
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Towards an understanding of seasonal ecophysiology in north-temperate fish
… and energy accumulation across multiple somatic tissues shape reproductive outcomes. In Ch. 3, I identified seasonal digestive flexibility as a consistent pattern across pumpkinseed populations that responded to elevated energetic demands associated with reproduction. In Ch. 4, I used …
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Regulation of Human Telomerase Alternative Splicing
… human cancer cells while being absent in most somatic tissues, telomerase is an almost universal cancer therapeutic target. Yet, the clinical application of an effective telomerase inhibitor is still lacking. The pre-mRNA of the catalytic subunit of human telomerase (hTERT) may be alternatively …
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Harnessing New Genomics Technologies to Assess Environmental Risk Factors That May Cause Heritable Genetic Disease
… that BaP mutation spectrum in sperm differs from somatic tissues. Third, offspring of BaP-exposed males were screened for the induction of large copy number variations (CNVs). The quantity of CNVs in the BaP group was not significantly greater than controls; however, the types of CNVs were …
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Molecular, Genetic, and Agronomic Evaluation of Wp and Wp-M in Soybean
… excision of wp-m during development of the somatic tissues. Unusual segregation ratios were observed when wp-m was crossed to pink and purple flowered revertant lines, providing additional evidence that wp-m is a transposable element. Stable pink and purple flowered revertant lines derived …
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The functional microRNA landscape of mammalian development
… miRNA loss across a range of embryonic and somatic tissues. In embryonic stem (ES) cells, we identified a latent susceptibility to genotoxic stress following deletion of Dicer. Re-expression of the abundant miR-290-295 cluster or knockdown of two novel targets, Caspase 2 and Ei24, could …
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Investigation Of X Chromosome Recognition: The Role Of Small Rna In Drosophila Dosage Compensation
… recognition. In spite of a lack of expression in somatic tissues, the Y chromosome is a potent modifier of the <i>roX1 roX2</i> phenotype. I postulated that the Y chromosome could affect dosage compensation through a small RNA-dependent pathway, and performed a screen of RNAi mutations. This …
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