Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
Results
Showing 1 to 15 of 15 for “"Somatic evolution"”.
-
Somatic evolution in normal human endometrium
… malignant transformation. Our understanding of somatic evolution occurring in normal tissues with age and in the early stages of tumourigenesis remains relatively poorly understood. In this thesis, I aimed to investigate somatic evolution in normal ageing human tissues. Firstly, I helped to …
-
Somatic evolution in human blood and colon
… through the chance acquisition of particular somatic mutations that gave them a selective advantage over their neighbours. Thus, the mutations that initiate cancer occur in normal cells, and the normal clonal dynamics of the tissue determine a mutant cell’s ability to establish a malignant …
-
Computational analyses of blood cells: somatic evolution and morphology
… white blood cells, whereas the accumulation of somatic mutations contributes to the formation of genetically distinct subpopulations of haematopoietic stem cells (or clones) whose behaviour is partly determined by mutations conferring growth advantages (also known as driver mutations). When …
-
The somatic evolution of the canine transmissible venereal tumour
This dissertation investigates the evolution of the canine transmissible venereal tumour (CTVT), a sexually transmitted cancer which manifests as genital tumours in dogs. This cancer first arose in an individual dog several thousand years ago, and has since survived by transfer of living cancer …
-
Somatic evolution in healthy and chronically inflamed colon and skin
… of the organism. This thesis discusses the evolutionary forces acting on cells within the body, specifically on epithelial cells in the colon and skin. After a general introduction of the evolutionary forces acting on normal cells and the methods used to study them, Chapter 2 focuses …
-
Quantitative Analyses of Normal and Precancerous Somatic Evolution in Human Tissues
… single cell of origin whose lineage accumulates somatic mutations in a step-wise manner over time. The evolutionary process towards cancer development is dynamic and the earliest mutation may arise decades before the onset for some cancers. This calls for a quantitative approach for probing early …
-
MITO: ROBUST INFERENCE OF MITOCHONDRIAL PHYLOGENIES AND CLONES
Somatic evolution, the process by which cells acquire genetic and epigenetic changes throughout an individual’s lifetime, underlies both normal development and diseases like cancer. Single-cell lineage tracing (scLT) has emerged as a powerful approach to study these cellular dynamics, especially in …
-
Molecular evolution of biological sequences
Evolution is an ubiquitous feature of living systems. The genetic composition of a population changes in response to the primary evolutionary forces: mutation, selection and genetic drift. Organisms undergoing rapid adaptation acquire multiple mutations that are physically linked in the genome, so …
-
Somatic variation, carcinogenesis and cancer risk in the lung
Somatic evolution is the driving force behind carcinogenesis, a principle recently underscored by discoveries in normal tissue. These discoveries have highlighted an underappreciated diversity of somatic mosaicism within every tissue and across individuals. Human tissue comprises thousands of …
-
Application of the single cell genomics in deciphering tumor heterogeneity and its role in tumor progression and drug resistance
… to the advanced stages of cancer, represents an evolutionary process. During tumor progression, cancer cells acquire new genetic mutations, becoming more heterogeneous, leading to tumor progression and resistance to therapy. However, clear genetic drivers of progression, metastasis, and …
-
Repetitive Sequences Drive Rapid Adaptation in Candida albicans
… is commonly observed during speciation, the somatic evolution of cancer, and during the rapid adaptation of fungi to novel environments. In the human fungal pathogen Candida albicans, genome plasticity resulting in copy number variations (CNVs) and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) confer …
-
Cancer Cartography: Mapping Cancer Evolution in Tissue Space
While somatic evolution is widely accepted as fundamental to cancer development, significant gaps in understanding persist. These gaps concern the role of cellular interactions within the tumour microenvironment (TME) and the impact of spatial constraints on cancer evolution. Emerging spatial omics …
-
Selection and competition of somatic mutations in normal epithelia
Tumourigenesis occurs when a series of genome alterations occur in the same group of cells and cause uncontrolled cell proliferation. Therefore, to understand the journey from healthy to cancerous tissue, it is important to study the accumulation and spread of mutations in pre- cancerous normal …
-
Somatic Mutations in Ageing and Degenerative Disease
Following the first division of the zygote, somatic mutations begin to accumulate in all human cells. Daughter cells become increasingly mutated leading to mosaic tissues, composed of genetically heterogeneous clonal units. In recent years, large scale sequencing efforts have begun to characterise …
-
Modelling the age-dependent dynamics of clonal haematopoiesis
Somatic evolution, the process by which mutations accumulate and are subject to selection within cell populations, occurs across healthy tissues and contributes to both ageing and cancer development. In blood-producing stem cells, this process, known as clonal haematopoiesis (CH), can often be …