Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 135 for “"Somatic cells"”.
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Epigenetic Heritability in Somatic Cells
Across the lifespan, cells accumulate somatic mutations, epigenetic alterations, tran- scriptional noise, mitochondrial damage and irreversible protein aggregation, the so-callled hallmarks of ageing. These molecular changes tend to worsen and compound over time, yet the mechanism through which …
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Reprogramming human somatic cells to pluripotency using RNA
Somatic cells can be reprogrammed to a pluripotent stem-cell state by ectopic expression of defined proteins. However, existing reprogramming methods take several weeks, suffer from low efficiencies, and most use DNA-based vectors, which carry mutagenesis risks. Here, we describe efficient and …
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The Contribution of Retrotransposons to the Transcriptomes of Murine Somatic Cells
… about retrotransposon transcription in adult somatic cells. Retrotransposons are also responsible for generating gene copies in mammalian genomes (retrocopies), and there are several examples of retrocopies evolving into new genes, or being transcribed as non-coding RNA. Using computational …
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Promoting multi-omic rejuvenation in human and mouse somatic cells by transient reprogramming
… iPSC reprogramming is the process of converting somatic cells, such as fibroblasts, into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Amazingly, this process reverses age associated alterations in the epigenome and resets epigenetic clocks to 0 years old. Complete iPSC reprogramming has the major …
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The role of transcription factors in somatic cell nuclear reprogramming by eggs and oocytes
Somatic cell nuclear reprogramming (SCNR) by eggs is a way to forcibly transform the nuclei of terminally differentiated somatic cells to an embryonic state and gain totipotency (Gurdon et al., 1958). Additionally, induced pluripotency is applied to transform identities of somatic cells to induced …
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Induced pluripotency and reprogramming by defined factors
… for epigenetics and cellular differentiation. Somatic cell nuclear transfer experiments (SCNT) provided unequivocal proof of nuclear equivalency between adult somatic cells. However the molecular mechanisms of somatic cell reprogramming have remained largely a mystery. Recent advancements in …
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Reprogramming cellular fate using defined factors
Embryonic stem (ES) cells have a vast therapeutic potential given their pluripotency, or the ability to differentiate into tissues from all three germ layers. One of the ultimate goals of regenerative medicine is to isolate pluripotent stem cells from patients. Nuclear reprogramming offers the …
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Modeling Alzheimer's Disease Using Cellular Reprogramming Technologies
… approach to disease modeling, in which patient somatic cells are first reprogrammed to a pluripotent state and subsequently differentiated in neurons. In contrast, induced neuronal (iN) cell technology allows for the direct conversion of somatic cells to neurons. Here I demonstrate the modeling …
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The role of Xist RNA in the maintenance of X chromosome inactivation
… Xist RNA in silencing the inactive X of female somatic cells was investigated by generating a conditional allele of the Xist gene. A system was set up in which reactivation of two X-linked genes, the endogenous Hprt gene and an X-linked GFP transgene, can be quantitatively assessed. Mouse …
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Mobile RNA reveal differential requirements for gene silencing in C. elegans at single-cell resolution
… relies on the transport of dsRNA to most cells and requires amplification mechanisms for effective gene silencing. Amplification of silencing signals is accomplished by two tissue-specific RNA-dependent RNA polymerases - EGO-1 in the germline and RRF-1 in somatic cells. Here, we reveal …
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Apoptosis Pathways: Presence and significance in Ejaculated Human Spermatozoa
… markers that are indicative of apoptosis in somatic cells. The question remains as to whether sperm have operative apoptosis mechanisms. The aim of this research was to test the hypothesis that apoptosis markers in sperm and somatic cells are different.</p> <p>Ejaculated human sperm from …
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Direct Reprogramming Of Fibroblasts Into Muscle Or Neural Lineages By Using Single Transcription Factor With Or Without Myod Transactivation Domain
The generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from somatic cells has opened new doors for regenerative medicine by overcoming the ethical concerns surrounding embryonic stem (ES) cell research. However, iPSC technology presents several safety concerns, such as the potential risk of tumor …
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Drosophila Ovarian Stem Cell Establishment is Regulated by Nuclear Hormone Receptor ftz-f1
Stem cells are a fundamental underpinning of tissue biology. Loss of the self-renewing function of stem cells leads to conditions such as infertility and tissue wasting. Stem cells integrate a variety of signals to maintain their fate and proliferative capacity. Although intrinsic and local cues …
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Regulation of De Novo and Maintenance Dna Methylation By Dnmt3A and Dnmt3B
… is regulated during embryonic development and in somatic cells, as DNMT3L, an essential co-factor of DNMT3A in germ cells, is quickly silenced during embryonic development and is not expressed in somatic cells. My dissertation aims to address these questions.</p> <p>In one project, I showed that …
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The role of beta-catenin in the development of fetal ovary and female germ cells
… factor 1 (SF1)-positive population of somatic cells of the fetal gonads. In the absence of β-catenin, fetal testis developed normally whereas unique phenotypes appeared during the development of ovary. These phenotypes included formation of testis-specific coelomic vessel, appearance of …
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Instructing naïve pluripotency ; JAK/STAT3 and Nanog in reprogramming
Reprogramming of somatic cells to pluripotency is a topic of extensive research driven by the potential of induced pluripotent cells in in vitro disease modelling, drug screening and regenerative medicine. The pluripotency associated transcription factor Nanog has been subject to a lot of …
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