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Showing 1 to 20 of 27 for “"Solid acid"”.
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Catalytic and adsorbent properties of solid acid catalysts studied by ammonia adsorption microcalorimetry
Solid acid catalysts are becoming of great importance within the chemical industry and their acidity is of great interest, as this determines their application, plus many of their catalytic properties can also be directly related with their acidity. There has been a drive towards heterogeneous …
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DEVELOPMENT OF MAGNETIC NANO-SIZE SOLID ACID CATALYSTS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF BIOFUEL
… CLEANER ALTERNATIVE TO PETROLEUM-BASED FUELS. ACID CATALYSTS HAVE BEEN WIDELY USED FOR THE KEY REACTIONS IN BIOFUEL PRODUCTION. NEVERTHELESS, THE CURRENTLY AVAILABLE HOMOGENEOUS AND HETEROGENEOUS ACID CATALYSTS SUFFER FROM MANY DRAWBACKS. IN THIS THESIS, NOVEL ACID-FUNCTIONALIZED MAGNETIC …
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SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SUPPORTED SOLID ACID CATALYSTS FOR CONVERSION OF GREEN SEED CANOLA OIL TO BIODIESEL
… is harnessed in a sustainable way. Heterogeneous solid acid catalysts can promote transesterification and esterification reactions from low-quality, unrefined feedstock without any side reactions like saponification or hydrolysis of triglycerides and minimize the effluent load downstream, thus, …
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An Examination of γ-valerolactone Ring Opening and Decarboxylation in Multiphase System and Over Various Solid Acid Catalysts
… commercial potentials. Of interest here is the acid-catalyzed ring opening of GVL to form pentenoic acid (PEA) isomers and following decarboxylation to produce butenes. In this study, GVL ring opening, and decarboxylation are examined in both liquid and gas phases over various catalytic systems …
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An Examination Of Γ-valerolactone Ring Opening And Decarboxylation In Multiphase System And Over Various Solid Acid Catalysts
… commercial potentials. Of interest here is the acid-catalyzed ring opening of GVL to form pentenoic acid (PEA) isomers and following decarboxylation to produce butenes. In this study, GVL ring opening, and decarboxylation are examined in both liquid and gas phases over various catalytic systems …
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Catalytic Production of Furfural by the Subcritical Hydrothermal Gasification of Flax Straw
… hydrothermal gasification of flax straw using a solid acid catalyst. This study focused on the catalytic subcritical hydrothermal gasification of flax straw. The study was performed using a 600 mL autoclave batch reactor using flax straw with a fixed weight (10 g) in all the experimental runs. …
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Supramolecular templating of mesoporous zirconia-based nanocomposite catalysts
Acid catalysis forms the basis of major hydrocarbon reactions in the petroleum industry, including paraffin isomerization, catalytic cracking, and alkylation. The environmental problem associated with the refining of hydrocarbons stems from the corrosive catalysts relied upon by many acid catalytic …
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Chemical modification of petroleum coke and applications of derived materials
… is a by-product from the oil industry and is a solid product mainly composed of carbon (> 80 wt%) with some impurities. These impurities, in particular sulfur, limit petcoke as feedstock for the application-like fuel. The aim of this thesis was to explore the possible application of petcoke …
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Catalysts for the Positional Isomerization of Internal, Long-Chain Olefins
… work, the properties that enable long-lasting solid acid catalysts (both commercial and lab-synthesized) were identified, the efficacy of regenerated solid acid catalysts was tested, and the feasibility of organometallic chain-walking catalysts (both homogeneous and polymer-supported) for …
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Charge Transfer Reactions in Porous Materials
… 4 describes quantum chemical studies of a carbon acid being developed for use in Friedel-Crafts acylation as a solid acid catalyst.
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Advancing plastics reutilization via catalytic hydroconversion
… platinum tungstated zirconia (PtWZr) with solid acid catalysts for LDPE hydrocracking to generate fuel-range hydrocarbons. We reveal hydrocracking is initiated over PtWZr while the solid acid refines the product distribution. Molecular-level investigations over PtWZr alone expose …
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The measurement and modelling of the intracrystalline diffusion of cyclohexane in ZSM-5 using zero length column chromatography
Zeolites are important solid acid catalysts largely because of their microporous nature giving them strong shape selective properties. This shape selectivity may be improved by depositing an inert (e. g. silaceous) layer on the surface of the catalyst crystals, which inertises non-shape selective …
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Methanol amination over hydrothermally treated zeolites RHO and Modernite
… groups as well as being used on their own. The acid catalysed amination of methanol generally yields a thermodynamically controlled product distribution. The equilibrium distribution for mono-, di-, and trimethylamine (MMA, DMA, and TMA), at 325°C and a molar methanol to ammonia ratio of 1, is …
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Experimental Evaluation of Innovative Catalytic Heat Exchangers for Energy-efficient Amine-based Post-combustion CO₂ Capture Processes
… the JVC-EX using benchmark MEA solvent and solid acid catalyst HZSM-5 achieved approximately 30% catalytic enhancement, a 50% reduction in catalyst demand, and a 22% decrease in energy consumption while maintaining excellent operational stability and flexibility. However, concerns emerged …
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Scaling down direct dimethyl ether synthesis for biogas conversion
… was no effect of addition of gold. Different solid acid catalysts (NH4ZSM-5, HZSM- 5 or Y-AI2O3) as a dehydration function were physically mixed with CZA for direct DME synthesis from syngas. It was found that the CZA/ HZSM-5 bifunctional catalyst with 0.25 acid fraction showed high stability …
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Study of Adsorbate Interactions of Alumina Surfaces Using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Methods
… with a growing demand for environmentally benign solid acid catalysts to replace toxic and corrosive liquid solvents for a wide range of applications including renewable energy production, fine chemicals and petrochemicals. Given the complexity and amorphous nature of gamma-Al2O3, the role of …
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In-situ spectroscopic studies of the mechanism of solid super-acid catalysed methanol carbonylation
Acetic acid is an important industrial chemical, used in paints, plastics and as a solvent for many important reactions including the formation of many household polymers. As a result of this heavy demand, 8 million tonnes of acetic acid is produced annually, 80 % of which is produced by methanol …
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Membrane Surface Engineering for Biochemical Applications
… Duel nanostructures, poly styrene sulfonic acid (PSSA) and poly ionic liquid (PIL) were grafted separately and neighborly from the surface of ceramic membrane substrate by control ATRP and UV initiated radical polymerization. Modified membrane substrates were challenged with cellulose and …
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Heterogeneous and Monolithic Catalyst Development for the Biodiesel Production Process & Evaluation of Static Mixers for the Esterification Process
… process, sodium hydroxide and sulphuric acid are the conventional homogeneous catalysts used, in spite of their drawbacks, such as soap formation with high free fatty acid (FFA) feedstocks, substantial wastewater generation, issues with the downstream separation process, and corrosion of …
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