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Showing 1 to 14 of 14 for “"Sir2"”.
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Characterization of the histone deacetylation activity of the yeast silencing gene SIR2
… In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the gene SIR2 is crucial for silencing at the HM mating type loci, the telomeres, and the rDNA array. It is also necessary for maintaining a hypoacetylated state of the histones at these locations. To silence genes, the Sir2 protein can deacetylate histones …
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Drosophila Nicotinamidase And Sir2 In Longevity Regulation And Oxidative Stress Response, And The Implications For Aging Theory
<p>The protein deacetylase Sir2 has been shown to increase lifespan in a variety of organisms, possibly through its ability to engender the effects of dietary restriction. The Drosophila nicotinamidase DNAAM increases lifespan in a Sir2 dependant manner, and may play a role in oxidative stress …
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Using S. pombe to Study the Biological Roles of the Histone Deacetylases Sir2 and Clr3 and the DEAD-Box RNA Helicase Ded1
… the roles of the histone deacetylases (HDACs) Sir2 and Clr3 in heterochromatin formation and cancer associated mutations of the DEAD-box RNA helicase DDX3X, homolog of fission yeast Ded1, in translational control. Heterochromatin in fission yeast is characterized by hypoacetylation as well as …
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Mechanistic Enzymology Of Plasmodium Falciparum Sir2, Structural And Biochemical Studies On Nicotinamidases And The Structure And Function Of Enzymes In The Purine Degradative Pathway From Klebsiella Pneumoniae
… extension in some organisms are presented. The Sir2 enzyme from the malaria-causing parasite Plasmodium falciparum is shown to be an NAD+-dependent deacetylase and an acetyllysinedependent and acetyllysine-independent NAD+ glycohydrolase. In addition, several examples of the Sir2 modulating …
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Genetic analysis of longevity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
… of longevity in yeast is the silencing protein Sir2p. Deletion of SIR2 shortens life span and overexpression of SIR2 extends life span. Sir2p promotes silenced chromatin at the rDNA by catalyzing a novel NAD-dependent histone deacetylation reaction. This rDNA silencing function is likely to …
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Histone Modifications in Trypanosoma Brucei
… targets of the putative histone deacetylase TbSIR2RP-1, a SIR2-related protein. Yeast SIR2 plays a key role in establishing heterochromatin at subtelomeric loci. TbSIR2RP-1 was chosen as a possible mediator of ES silencing, although this was later shown not to be the case. I showed that, unlike …
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SirT1 regulates bone mass in vivo through regulation of osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation
… SirT1, the mammalian orthologue of yeast Sir2, has been shown to be a negative regulator of PPAR[gamma] and NF[kappa]B, two transcription factors important for the differentiation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, respectively. Here, we show that SirT1 is an important regulator of bone mass …
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Molecular and Genetic Analysis of Novel Epigenetic Silencing Factors Dhp1, Lsd1, and Lsd2
… and mutants of histone deacetylases Clr3 and Sir2. We also generate novel lsd1 and lsd2 mutants for these analyses, which reveal a role for these enzymes in epigenetic silencing. In the fourth chapter, we use the novel lsd1 and lsd2 mutant strains to further investigate the role of Lsd1 and …
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A Study Of Novel Activities Of Type Iii Sirtuins: Cobb And Pfsir2A
… initially, sirtuins gained notoriety when Sir2 yeast was discovered to increase life span under calorie restriction, current research suggests that sirtuins are involved in a myriad of other cellular functions. The discovery of Sirt5's, a type III mammalian sirtuin,novel …
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USING CHEMICAL AND PROTEOMICS APPROACHES TO STUDY THE FUNCTIONS OF SIRT6 AND KRAS
Sir2 (silencing information regulator 2) family of enzymes (or sirtuins) are nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent protein lysine deacylases and play a variety of roles in biological systems. SIRT6 is one of the seven mammalian sirtuins and has diverse biological functions such as …
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HIF-2: Standing Guard at the Crossroads of Stress and Aging
… or silent mating type information regulator 2 (Sir2) homolog 1, selectively stimulates HIF-2 alpha signaling during hypoxia. In lower organisms and cell culture models, the FoxO family of transcription factor regulates the transcription of SOD2 and other major AOE. During oxidative stress, Sirt1 …
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Synthesis, Structure and Spectroscopy of Heteropentadienyl-Cobalt Complexes
… been replaced with a heteroatom: O, PR, NR, S, SiR2). The study of heteropentadienyl-transition metal complexes has been an active area of research in the last decade, and has recently received significant attention in the chemical literature. These molecules can now be synthesized by …
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Novel therapies for cancer treatment : designing high affinity selective ligands against SIRT1 enzyme
The word ‘Sirtuin’ or Sir2 proteins are a class of proteins that possess either mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase, or deacylase activity, including deacetylase. SIRT1 is the most studied mammalian Sirtuins and predominantly localised in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Many Sirtuins targets are involved in …
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TUMOR PROMOTING FUNCTIONS FOR THE METABOLIC REGULATOR SIRT5
… orthologs of the silent information regulator 2 (Sir2) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, play important roles in carcinogenesis. In mammals there are three mitochondrial sirtuins, SIRT3, SIRT4, and SIRT5. Among these, SIRT5 is the only known enzyme that catalyzes nicotinamide adenine …