Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 31 for “"Reactive Astrocytes"”.
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Endothelin-1 is over-expressed in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and induces Motor Neuron cell death
… suggest that factors secreted by activated astrocytes might contribute to degeneration of MNs. We focused on endothelin-1 (ET-1), a peptide which is strongly up-regulated in reactive astrocytes under different pathological conditions. We show that ET-1 is abundantly expressed by reactive …
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Regulation of Astrocyte Functions by a Parkinson's Disease Gene, DJ-1
… DJ-1 (PARK7) 2 2. Other genes . 3 C. Function of astrocytes in the normal brain . 6 D. Function of astrocytes in the injured brain . 7 1. Reactive astrocytes : intermediate filaments (Ifs) and morphological features . 7 2. Reactive astrocytes : function of astrogliosis in neural protection . 8 3. …
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Altered Expression of Metabolic Proteins Contributes to Neuropathological Disease
… found primarily in neurons, was present in reactive astrocytes. This finding was further examined in human AD tissue and a similar change was seen. Astrocytes become reactive during damage or under inflammatory conditions, such as AD, diabetes, traumatic brain injury (TBI), epilepsy and in …
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A COMBINATION THERAPY OF NICOTINAMIDE AND PROGESTERONE FOR FUNCTIONAL RECOVERY FOLLOWING TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY
… lesion cavity size, degenerating neurons, and reactive astrocytes. Our results replicate the beneficial effects of treatment with either NAM or Prog demonstrating significant improvements in recovery of function, and a reduction in lesion cavitation, degenerating neurons and reactive astrocytes …
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In Vitro Remodeling of Extracellular Matrix Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
… Following a CNS insult like an mTBI, astrocytes can undergo activation resulting in the transformation into reactive astrocytes (RAs). RAs also play an important role in brain remodeling following an mTBI. Research on the mechanical complexity of the brain has important implications …
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Role of JAK2 in the Proliferation of Activated Astrocytes
After brain injury such as trauma or stroke, astrocytes undergo proliferation and activation which is characterized by increased expression of GFAP. Although reactive astrocytes have some regenerative properties, the astrogliosis is thought to be a barrier to repair in the central nervous system. …
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The role of chemokines in the pathology of multiple sclerosis and other neuroinflammatory diseases
… cell infiltrates, microglial hyperplasia and reactive astrocytosis. The results of this study suggest that in SSPE CNS the interferon -y-inducible a chemokines IP-10 and Mig, predominantly expressed by astrocytes and microglia, play a role in lesion formation. In contrast, the ßchemokine …
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Inflammatory astrocyte and T cell interactions are supported by hyaluronan in a murine model of Multiple Sclerosis
… the central nervous system (CNS). Inflammatory astrocytes, one of the first described subtypes of reactive astrocytes, are thought to play a role in the development of demyelinating lesions. In this thesis, I characterized the distribution of inflammatory astrocytes and their interactions in the …
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Silencing ITGB3 in Astrocytes
Astrocytes are brain cells that provide support to neurons, brain tissue structure, and can respond to brain injury. After traumatic brain injury (TBI), these cells can become reactive, changing their behavior, structure, and role as they migrate towards the injury site and form glial scars that …
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Glia-mediated mechanisms of HIV-1-gp120-induced Synaptic Degeneration
… and eliminate pre-synaptic structures, while reactive astrocytes act predominantly at the postsynaptic compartment. Ablation of microglia protected pre-synaptic elements from gp120-induced elimination. Furthermore, the MerTk signal pathway contributed to gp120- induced microglial phagocytosis …
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Restoring bladder function by promoting neuronal regeneration
… sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) manufactured by reactive astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. We examined the influence of the GDNF family neurotrophin artemin on the neuroarchitecture and extracellular matrix composition of the dorsal spinal cord following a bilateral dorsal root crush (DRC) at L6 …
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Mechanisms of Hypoxia-Induced Neurovascular Remodeling in PlGF Knockout Mice
… displayed large lumens, were surrounded by reactive astrocytes, lacked mural cell coverage and endothelial VEGF expression, and regressed after 21 days of hypoxia. The lack of PlGF, in combination with reduced VEGF expression levels observed in the brain of PlGF-/- animals during the first 5 …
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Modeling subconcussive and cumulative subconcussive impacts using a lateral fluid percusion injury device
… to SHAM levels by PID4. The presence of immunoreactive microglia and reactive astrocytes was observed in cumulative 5x scTBI at 24 h and 1 w when compared to 5x SHAM group. These findings indicate one scTBI does not result in acute behavior deficits or neuronal degeneration, however cumulative …
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Migration of olfactory ensheathing cells grafted into adult rat spinal cord
… occurred along a migratory path containing many reactive astrocytes and microglia; iv) the migration of OECs was significantly reduced when the microglial reactivity was dampened using minocycline; and v) OECs survived grafting into cerebrospinal fluid (i.e. subarachnoid space) and migrated into …
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Elucidating the role of bone morphogenetic protein-4 in regulating secondary injury mechanisms following traumatic spinal cord injury
… but are not limited to, inflammation, ischemia, reactive astrogliosis and apoptosis. These mechanisms contribute to tissue degeneration and limit neural regeneration and repair after injury. To optimize future therapeutic approaches, it is necessary to identify factors that regulate the early …
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Caveolins and NJKs Influence Brain Endothelial Permeability after Juvenile TBI
… level of caveolin-1 in the endothelium and reactive astrocytes following juvenile TBI. Furthermore, acute administration of cavtratin, a peptide mimetic of caveolin-1 scaffolding domain, markedly reduced edema formation and lesion volume without improving sensorimotor outcome in the acute …
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Severely Stressed Astrocytes Adapt to Injury and Still Protect Neighboring Neurons
… on glia is less well understood than in neurons. Astrocytes are an abundant type of glia and play an essential role in brain homeostasis by supporting neuronal functions. Therefore, one of the major goals of the present study was to identify ways to reduce the impact of proteotoxicity in …
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Deconvolution of spatiotemporal transcriptomic heterogeneity in the glioblastoma ecosystem
… Notably, tumor-associated macrophages and reactive astrocytes colocalized with the tumor early in its growth, while an outward gradient of invasion programs, centered on hypoxia, was observed with tumor progression. Moreover, distinct tumor programs aligned with well-documented routes of …
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Membrane-bound Matrix Metalloproteinases Influence Reactive Synaptogenesis Following Traumatic Brain Injury
… substrate N-cadherin, during the period of reactive synaptogenesis. Protein and mRNA expression of MT5-MMP, ADAM-10 and N-cadherin were compared in two TBI models, one exhibiting adaptive plasticity (unilateral entorhinal cortex lesion; UEC) and the other maladaptive plasticity (fluid …
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