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Showing 1 to 13 of 13 for “"Proton channels"”.
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Examining the Proton Channels in Heme -Copper Oxidases
… cannot enter the binuclear center without a proton to maintain the charge balance. If electrons cannot enter the binuclear center then the rate of reduction of the binuclear center is impaired. The E II-101 mutant enzymes had apparent first order rate constants, for the reduction of the …
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Structure and dynamics of influenza M2 proton channels from solid-state NMR
… (M2) is an essential viral protein that conducts protons in the endosomes of infected host cells and induces membrane curvature to facilitate virus budding. M2's proton channel activity is encapsulated by a transmembrane domain (TM) that is targeted by the FDA-approved antiviral drugs amantadine …
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Properties of Conductance and Inhibition of Proton Channels: M2 from Influenza A Virus and Fo from Escherichia coli ATP Synthase
<p>Proton channels are essential for many of the processes of life. The influenza A viral protein M2 is responsible for sensing the conditions necessary for viral RNA release. The proton-translocating FoF1 ATPase (ATP synthase) uses a proton gradient to drive adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis. …
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Biochemical Studies on the Catalytic Cycle of Cytochrome C Oxidase in Rhodobacter Sphaeroides
… from Paracoccus denitrificans reveals two proton channels leading to the binuclear center. (Iwata, S., Ostermeier, C., Ludwig, B., & Michel, H. (1995) Nature 376, 660--669) One channel is referred to as the K-channel after the highly conserved lysine-362 located within it. The other channel …
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The HV1 proton channel of Lingulodinium polyedrum localizes to the bioluminescent scintillon
… and colleagues predicted the existence of a proton selective channel that opens in response to depolarizing voltage (H<sub>V</sub>1) across the vacuole membrane of bioluminescent dinoflagellates and conducts protons into specialized luminescence compartments (scintillons), thus causing the pH …
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Conformation of Transmembrane Segments of a Protein by a Coarse Grain Model
<p>The human voltage-gated proton channels (hH<sub>V</sub>1) are critical in many physiological functions and control proton conduction in the cell. This process is governed by the cooperative response of different transmembrane segments of the protein. It is believed that the two subunits of the …
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The Heme -Copper Oxidoreductase Superfamily: Genomics and Structural Analyses
… cofactor in the A-, B-, and C-families of proton pumping respiratory oxidases, demonstrating that these enzymes likely share a common reaction mechanism. Finally we predict the properties of proton channels within the C-family. Modeling and sequence analysis suggests that the C-family has …
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Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance investigations of the influenza M2 protein : structure and dynamics characterization of channel gating and conduction
… are investigated in the influenza AM2 and BM2 proton channels bound to native-like lipid bilayers. Using pH-dependent 15N chemical shifts of the conserved Histidine residue, we have found that the proton conduction mechanism is the same in all of the M2 channels (WT AM2, S3 IN AM2, BM2) …
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Molecular Dynamics Simulations and Cross-Link Analysis of the Rotary Molecular Motor F(o) of ATP Synthase
… that couples the synthesis of ATP in F1 to the proton translocation across Fo which is driven by the electrochemical proton gradient across the membrane. F1 consists of three different subunits in the stoichiometry a1b2c10. So far, only the structure of the c-subunit and a partial structure of …
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Design of Single-Chain Polymer Nanoparticles to Mimic Globular Proteins
… (MMA-based) RHPs can function as catalysts, proton channels, and chaperonins. By comparing the behaviors of MMA-based RHPs with that of globular proteins, I provide fundamental physicochemical insights and design principles for SCNPs as protein mimetics and stabilizers. I highlight the …
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Voltage Sensing Mechanism in the Voltage-gated and Proton (H+)-selective Ion Channel Hv1
<p>Activation of the intrinsic aqueous water-wire proton conductance (GAQ) in Hv1 channels is controlled by changes in membrane potential and the transmembrane pH gradient (ΔpH). The mechanism by which changes in ΔpH affect the apparent voltage dependence of GAQ activation is not understood. In …
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Biochemical characterization of C-family heme copper oxygen reductase
… c on the P-side of the membrane, and four protons from the cytosol on the N-side, to molecular O2 bound at the active site that results in the production of water. The excess energy released in this reaction is used to pump protons from the N-side to the P-side. These processes establish an …
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Rational design of functional heme copper oxidases in myoglobin
… the observed rate, more features of HCOs such as proton delivery channels and non-natural heme cofactors with similar features compared to heme cofactors found in HCOs were introduced into myoglobin. The proton channels had positive effects on the observed activity. In addition to these …