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Showing 1 to 7 of 7 for “"Primary drying"”.
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Application of through-vial impedance spectroscopy as a novel process analytical technology for freeze drying
… of the product during the entire freeze-drying process (from pre-freezing and annealing to primary and then secondary drying). This measurement approach involves the application of foil electrodes, mounted externally to a conventional glass freeze-drying vial, and coupled to a …
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Dynamic modelling and optimal control of the primary and secondary drying stages of freeze drying of solutions in trays and vials
… quantitatively the dynamic behavior of the primary and secondary drying stages of the freeze-drying of pharmaceuticals in trays and vials. The theoretical results were compared with the experimental data of the freeze-drying of skim milk, and the agreement between the experimental data and …
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Assessment of the impact of climate change on an instrumented embankment: an unsaturated soil mechanics approach
… plate). Total and matric suction SWRC following primary drying paths from 25% of water content were determined. In addition, a series of tests with the filter paper on samples at lower water contents (15%, 20% and 22%) was also performed. The SWRC following drying paths showed behavior similar to …
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Use of Volumetric Heating to Improve Heat Transfer During Vial Freeze-Drying
Freeze-drying (lyophilization) is a drying process which is used to remove water from heat sensitive products, usually for the purpose of preservation. By removing water, the product becomes more stable at room temperature. This is a common process in the pharmaceutical industry because …
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Applications for Through-Vial Impedance Spectroscopy (TVIS) in the Development of Pharmaceutical Freeze-Drying Processes
… of the glass transition temperature) and (3) the primary drying steps (determining the primary drying rate and the end point), with some observations on the manifestation of the collapse event. These studies were restricted to the investigation of the dielectric loss peak associated with the …
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PHARMACEUTICAL INSTRUMENTATION DEVELOPMENT FOR IN-PROCESS MONITORING OF FREEZE-DRYING CYCLES
Background: Product temperature during the primary drying stage is a critical process parameter in the freeze drying of biopharmaceutical drug products and for a successful optimum drying process, ice interface temperature should stay just below the critical temperature of the glass transition – …
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The development of micro-sample electrical impedance analysis for freeze-drying process development
Background: Since primary drying in freeze drying cycle is the longest step, it is desired to use optimal process conditions for efficient drying by running a process under the critical temperatures (e.g., Tg’, Teu, Tc’). Multiple techniques and instruments (e.g., differential scanning calorimetry, …