Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 39 for “"Poly(A) tail"”.
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Function and regulation of poly(A)-tail length
Poly(A) tails are found at the 3' ends of nearly all eukaryotic messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs. The presence of a poly(A) tail promotes translation and inhibits decay of an mRNA, with both effects mediated through poly(A)-binding protein. However, an understanding of the …
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Regulatory consequences of mRNA Poly(A)-Tail length changes
… have a cap structure at their 5' ends and a poly(A) tail at their 3' ends, and the proteins that bind these features increase the stability and translation of an mRNA. The influence of the poly(A) tail on translation was discovered decades ago, but primarily with regard to the idea that an …
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Architecture of eukaryotic mRNA 3' end processing machinery and insights into the mechanism of polyadenylation
… all eukaryotic messenger RNAs (mRNAs) have a polyadenosine (polyA) tail at their 3′ end that is added by a multi-protein complex known as cleavage and polyadenylation factor (CPF). CPF, along with accessory cleavage factors (CF) IA and IB, cleaves the pre-mRNA within the 3' untranslated region …
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Structural and Biochemical Investigation of the Pan2-Pan3 Deadenylase Complex
Almost all mature eukaryotic mRNAs contain a 3′ polyadenosine (poly(A)) tail, which promotes nuclear export of mRNAs, protects transcripts from exonucleolytic decay, and increases translation efficiency. As the poly(A) tail is involved in many steps of gene expression, its length is highly …
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Mathematical Modeling of Circadian Gene Expression in Mammalian Cells
… regulation of the rhythmicities of poly(A) tail length observed in hundreds of mRNAs in mouse liver. Lastly, we examined the application of Sobol indices, which is a global sensitivity analysis method, to mathematical models of biological oscillation systems, and proposed two methods …
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Mechanisms of mRNA substrate-selection by the Ccr4-Not deadenylase complex
… a stretch of adenosine nucleotides known as the poly(A) tail. The removal of the polyA tail from an mRNA, a process called deadenylation, is an important mechanism of gene expression regulation. It is the first step in the decay of the transcript, and is also linked to repression of translation. …
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SOMATIC SIGNALS REGULATING MRNA TRANSLATION IN MAMMALIAN OOCYTE.
… has been limited by challenges in isolating polysome-associated mRNAs. This study aims to shed light on these processes and how they can be affected by in vitro maturation (IVM). This objective has been pursued through three sequential steps that addressed the specific aims. First, we …
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Post-transcriptional regulation of poly(A) binding proteins direct multiple facets of cardiac development and hypertrophy
… mechanisms are mediated through multiple poly(A) binding proteins—PABPC1 and PABPN1—at the 3’UTR and poly(A) tail of cardiac mRNAs to tune transcript specific and overall translation rates within the heart. These findings define a new paradigm for cardiac gene regulation with potential for …
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Functions of Deadenylation Factors In Mrna Decay and Mrna Processing Body Formation
… messenger RNAs possess a 5’ cap and a 3’ poly(A) tail. The process of poly(A) tail shortening, also termed deadenylation, is important for post-transcriptional gene regulation, because deadenylation not only leads to mRNA translational inhibition but also is the first step of major mRNA …
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Recoding and reassignment in protists
… Termination only occurs in the context of the poly-A tail. In addition I analysed the transcriptomes of over 200 diverse protist species for the protein ornithine decarboxylase antizyme, a key negative regulator of cellular polyamine synthesis. The synthesis of this protein usually requires a …
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New Roles in RNA Stability and Transcription for the RNA Export Protein, REF/Aly
… of events including capping, splicing, and polyadenylation, which occur co-transcriptionally, are interdependent, and are coupled to other steps in gene expression including transcription and RNA export. For example, in mammalian cells the TREX (transcription-export) complex is deposited on …
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Form and function of Poly(A) tails
Central to mRNA metabolism is the poly(A)-tail, a stretch of adenosine nucleotides at the mRNA 3' end. In this dissertation, I investigate the role of the tail in the dynamics of mRNA decay, and describe the predominant mechanisms of decay for thousands of mammalian mRNAs. Next, I examine the …
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The Role of the Human Nuclear Poly(A) Binding Protein in RNA Decay
… Here, I describe our work showing that polyadenosine (poly(A)) tails can stimulate transcript decay in the nucleus of human cells, a function mediated by the ubiquitous nuclear poly(A) binding protein PABPN1. We show that PABPN1 is required for the degradation of a viral nuclear …
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In vitro reconstitution of the human pre-mRNA 3′ end processing machinery and mechanistic insights into endonuclease activation
… splicing, and 3′ end processing. The latter entails endonucleolytic cleavage of the nascent pre-mRNA and addition of a poly(A) tail to the resultant free 3′ end. The poly(A) tail then facilitates nuclear export of mRNAs and controls their stability and translational efficiency in the cytoplasm. …
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Yeast Ataxin-2, A Protein with Many Friends: Identification of a Novel Role for Pbp1 in Mitochondrial Biogenesis
… c oxidase components. Yeast-Ataxin2, Pbp1, is a poly(A)tail binding protein and a negative regulator of TORC1. Previous work showed that cells lacking Pbp1 in respiratory conditions exhibited mitochondrial dysfunction. I thus hypothesized that Pbp1 has an essential role in mitochondrial …
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The molecular biology of calbindin-D₉
… calbindin-D9k were cloned using a modified PCR (polymerase chain reaction) technique called RACE (rapid amplification of cDNAs ends) with rat and bovine cDNA sequence-derived primers for amplification. The full length of these sequences was confirmed by primer extension assay. The human cDNA …
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Sturcture and function of tomato ringspot virus RNA1 and RNA2
… nucleotides (nt) in length, excluding the 3'poly(A) tail, and contains a single long open reading frame (ORF) which accounts for 80%of the nucleotide sequence and has the capacity to encode a polyprotein of 244 kDa. Comparisons between the deduced TomRSV RNA1-encoded polyprotein sequence with …
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Analysis of the role of poly(A) -binding protein (PAB1) in the mRNA degradation process in yeast
… suggesting that enhancing CCR4 function entails the rearrangement of the PAB1-mRNP structure. I have also established that PAB1 contacts to the poly (A) tail made by the RRM2 domain are critical to stabilizing the CCR4-NOT complex and promoting deadenylation. The C-terminal globular domain …
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The Interaction Between Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor eIF4G and 3’ Cap Independent Translation Element of Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus Is Affected by Multiple Initiation Factors
… a 5’ (7-methyl guanosine) cap as well as a 3’poly A tail. Like many plant viruses, BYDV contains a cap independent translation element (CITE) in the 3’ untranslated region of the viral mRNA. BTE (Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus like cap-independent translation element) is one of the well …
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Identification of two potyviruses of phaseolus vulgaris in South Africa
… protein gene: one primer is complementary to the poly(A) tail, and the other to a sequence coding for a conserved block of amino acid sequences (also known as the WCIEN block) in the mid-region of the coat protein. The nucleic acid sequences of the PCR products were compared to that of other …
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