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Showing 1 to 17 of 17 for “"Plant defenses"”.
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Characterization and insights into the molecular mechanism of cytokinin-induced priming of plant defenses
Plants have developed several mechanisms to cope with pathogenic challenges. One of these mechanisms, known as defense priming can be effective at reducing susceptibility to pathogens. Compared to unprimed plants, the immune response from primed plants, upon pathogen attack, is much stronger. This …
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Investigating Damage, Genetic Correlations, and Natural Selection to Understand Multiple Plant Defenses in Passiflora incarnata
<p>Plants commonly produce multiple, seemingly redundant defenses, but the reasons for this are poorly understood. The specificity of defenses to particular herbivores could drive investment in multiple defenses. Alternatively, genetic correlations between defenses could lead to their joint …
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Identification of Candidate Effector Proteins from Fusarium graminearum during Infection of Arabidopsis thaliana Using Proximity-Dependant Biotin Identification (BioID)
… that are secreted from pathogens to overcome plant defenses and cause disease, collectively known as effectors, can reveal new targets for fungicides or other control measures.Proximity-dependent biotin identification (BioID) was used to identify potential effector proteins secretedin …
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Dissection of Innate Immunity in Tomato and Tolerance to Bacterial Wilt in Solanaceae species
Unlike mammals, plants do not have specific immune cells. However, plants can still recognize pathogens and defend themselves. They do that by recognizing microbial-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) and secreted pathogen proteins, called effectors. MAMP-triggered immunity (MTI) relies on …
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REGULATION OF DEFENSE RESPONSES MEDIATED BY BON1 AND BAP2 IN ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA
… infections. Comprehension of the natural defenses against these threats could enable the production of genetically modified plants with enhanced innate immunity without the use of chemicals to which insects and microbes are renown for developing resistances to. Plants have three main …
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Assessing the drivers of adaptive radiation in a complex of gall midges: A multitrophic perspective on ecological speciation
… of an incipient adaptive radiation on its host plant, goldenrod (<i>Solidago</i>). This galler uses a symbiotic fungus (<i>Botryosphaeria dothidae</i>) as a food source and as the major structural component of its gall. Use of this symbiont may be the key innovation that allowed colonization of …
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Hypersensitive Response in Live Oak: Characterization and Efficacy Against a Host of Specific Gall-Forming Wasp
The establishment and spread of host-plant-specific pathogens and insect herbivores are fundamentally affected by plant defenses. Hypersensitive response (HR) is a plant defense classically recognized as resulting from a gene-for-gene interaction between pathogens and plants. More recently HR …
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Investigating NLR-mediated immunity and Pseudomonas syringae effector interactions with two MACPF domain proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana.
To disarm plant defenses, successful pathogens secrete an arsenal of diverse virulence factors, termed effectors, into the host cell to shut down key components of the plant immune signaling pathway. To protect against effector sabotage, plants have evolved intracellular NUCLEOTIDE BINDING AND …
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Suppression and triggering of Arabidopsis immunity by Albugo species
… secrete effectors that can suppress or trigger plant defenses; the nature of Albugo effectors is currently unknown. Sequencing of A. laibachii isolate Nc14 (AlNc14) genome reveals 13032 genes encoded in a ~37 Mb genome. We analyze the effector complement of AlNc14 and find known effector classes …
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Mechanisms Promoting Spatial and Temporal Variability in Plant Defense
Mechanisms responsible for the diversity of plant defenses in natural populations are poorly understood. This dissertation examines how environmental heterogeneity and succession influence the distribution, expression, and adaptive value of resistance and tolerance of goldenrod (Solidago …
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Biogeographical Approaches for Studying Species Invasion
… genotypes of P. australis in relation to plant-herbivore interactions in North America. Common garden experiments revealed that the native and invasive genotypes of P. australis have evolved latitudinal clines on traits associated with herbivory, specifically for aphid Hyalopterus pruni. …
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Investigation Of The Interconnected Roles Of Cmal And Hopaa1-1 In The Virulence Of Pseudomonas Syringae Pv.Tomato Dc3000 In Nicotiana Benthamiana
… syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (DC3000) is a model plant pathogenic bacterium that infects tomato and Arabidopsis thaliana. It requires the phytotoxin coronatine and the delivery of type III effector proteins (T3Es) into the host cell cytoplasm for defense suppression and virulence. CmaL is a small …
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Influence of Loss of Function of the Fatty Acid Desaturase 7 Gene on Photosynthetic Activity and Foliar Redox Status
… constitutively compared to wild-type (WT) plants. While no constitutive differences in intermediates and products of photosynthesis were detected, the spr2 mutants showed increased growth, suggesting increased photosynthesis may be translated in to growth. Moreover, glutamate levels were …
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Gene regulation in a pathogen-plant interaction: soft rot erwinias versus potato tubers
… disease destructive to numerous important crop plants. Damage to plants is primarily due to celldegrading enzymes (CDEs) secreted by the bacteria. I am interested in potato (Solanum tuberosum) soft rot because it is of agricultural importance and it represents an ideal model system for …
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Genetic Constraints and the Evolution of Chemical Defenses in Multiple Tissues of Boechera stricta
<p>In order to deter herbivores, plants evolve defenses suited to different tissues and varying patterns of herbivory. If the defense profiles of different tissues share common genetic controls but differ in selective pressures, evolution of effective defenses within the whole plant may be …
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Key roles of glutamate metabolism and cuticle permeability in the multifaceted defense response of the abscisic acid deficient sitiens tomato mutant against Botrytis cinerea
… result of a ping-pong-type co-evolution, plants have devised sophisticated defense mechanisms to cope with the constant threat of pathogenic microorganisms. These mechanisms are diverse, varying from constructing physical barriers in order to mechanically halt pathogen penetration, to de …
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Meccanismi di difesa e interazioni multitrofiche tra Solanum spp. e Tuta absoluta
La conoscenza delle interazioni pianta-insetto e della resistenza delle piante rappresenta un'opzione chiave di controllo per ottimizzare la gestione sostenibile e integrata dei parassiti e quindi per ridurre l’uso degli insetticidi. Le piante sono in grado di rispondere agli stress abiotici e …