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Showing 1 to 20 of 60 for “"Phospholipase A2"”.
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Phospholipase A2 Induced Monocyte Chemotaxis to Apoptotic Cells
… Products of the reaction catalyzed by the phospholipases A2 (PLA2) have been shown to induce monocyte chemotaxis either directly or indirectly. Some investigators have implicated a cytosolic calcium-independent PLA2 (iPLA2) in the production of these products during apoptosis. However, a …
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Regulation of Secretory Phospholipase A2 by Thyroid Hormone
… hepatic steatosis and atherosclerosis. Secretory phospholipase A2 group IIA (PLA2g2a) enhances the progression of several chronic inflammatory diseases including arthritis and atherosclerosis. The potential linkage of hypothyroidism with inflammation led us to examine the modulation of sPLA2 …
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Mechanism Governing the Cellular Susceptibility to Secretory Phospholipase A2
Secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) is an important part of apoptosis and disposal of damaged and dying cells. However, healthy cells are not susceptible to attack by sPLA2. Recent studies have focused on membrane properties necessary to induce susceptibility in both artificial and biological …
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Mechanisms by Which Apoptotic Membranes Become Susceptible to Secretory Phospholipase A2
… them susceptible to hydrolysis by secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2). To study the relevant mechanisms, a simplified model of apoptosis using a calcium ionophore was first applied. Kinetic and flow cytometry experiments provided key observations regarding ionophore treatment: initial …
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The Role of Secretory Phospholipase A2 Group IIA in Obesity and Metabolism
<p>Secretory phospholipase A2 group IIA (PLA2G2A) is a member of a family of secretory phospholipases previously implicated in inflammation, atherogenesis, and antibacterial actions. These enzymes hydrolyze glycerophospholipids at the sn-2 position releasing lysophospholipids and fatty acids. …
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The role of cytosolic phospholipase A2 in microglial signaling pathways during neuroinflammation
… a contributor of neuronal cell death. Cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) belongs to a family of phospholipases that act as the principle producers of arachidonic acid (AA) in cells. During the process of inflammation, AA released from phospholipids is metabolized by cyclooxygenase-1[slash]2 …
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Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) Impact and role as cardiovascular risk marker
Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) is today considered a novel specific vascular inflammatory biomarker. The general aim of this thesis was to study the role and impact of Lp-PLA2 as cardiovascular (CV) risk marker in an epidemiologic perspective. Specific aims were to explore the …
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A Missing link between lipid metabolism, inflammation and apoptosis: Phospholipase A2-activating protein (PLAA)
Phospholipase A2-Activating Protein (PLAA) is a novel signaling molecule that regulates the production of arachidonic acid (AA), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and TNF-¦Á. Literature suggests that PLAA could be involved in inflammatory responses and apoptosis. However, the in situ function of PLAA is …
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The Group IVA Cytosolic Phospholipase A2/C1P Interaction and Its Role in Eicosanoid Synthesis and Inflammation
… that the interaction of group IVA cytosolic phospholipase A2 and ceramide-1-phosphate is crucial for production of eicosanoid synthesis in inflammation. Inflammation is a critical component of many disease states including anaphylaxis, cancer, cardiovascular disease, rheumatoid arthritis, …
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Modeling the hydrolyzing action of secretory phospholipase A2 with ordinary differential equations and Monte Carlo Methods
… normally resist the hydrolysis of secretory phospholipase A2, a series of current investigations demonstrated that the changes in lipid order caused by increased calcium has a relationship with the susceptibility to phospholipase A2. To further explore this relationship, we setup ordinary …
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The Influence of Adenoviral Infection and the Group VIA Calcium-Independent Phospholipase A2 on Hepatic Lipid Metabolism
… remains elusive. Group VIA calcium-independent phospholipase A2 (iPLA2) releases UFA from the sn-2 position of glycerophospholipids. We hypothesized that iPLA2 provides UFA to suppress SREBP. iPLA2 overexpression and inhibition studies were implemented. iPLA2 inhibition increased SREBP1 …
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Role of Ceramide-1-Phosphate as a Specific and Potent Activator of Group IVA Cytosolic Phospholipase A2 Alpha
… of arachidonic acid by group IVA cytosolic phospholipase A2 α (cPLA2α) is the initial rate limiting step for the production of eicosonoids in response to inflammatory mediators. Previous findings from our laboratory have demonstrated that cPLA2α is directly activated by the emerging …
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A digestive phospholipase a2 in Midguts of worker honey bees, Apis mellifera : significance in lipid nutrition and health
Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) catalyzes hydrolysis of the fatty acid moiety from the sn-2 position of phospholipids. At least 16 groups of PLA2s are known in mammals. In insects, PLA2s occur in several tissues, where they act in a variety of biological functions, such as digestion, immune signaling, …
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Antigenic properties of snake venom cardiotoxins
… a similar study was carried out on bovine phospholipase A2 , which was used as control in the experimental work. Peptides derived from the sequences of N. nivea vII1 and bovine phospholipase A2 , were synthesized chemically. The conformation of these peptides in various solvents, was …
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Identification of the Pla2 Responsible For Prostanoid Synthesis in Response to Inflammatory Cytokines
… studies from our laboratory showed that cPLA2α may be responsible for approximately 50-60% of the PGE2 production in response to inflammatory cytokines. Thus, we hypothesized that a closely-related PLA2 is responsible for 40-50% of the PGE2 produced in response to inflammatory cytokines. To …
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Investigations into the digestive system proteases of Argiope aurantia (Araneae: Araneidae), hemolytic agents of spider venoms, and the role of both in necrotic arachnidism
… venom enzymes (e.g., sphingomyelinase D and phospholipase A2) for their potential to cause necrotic lesions, as both are thought to be primary agents.</p><p>The digestive fluid of Argiope aurantia was examined for its ability to cleave a variety of extra-cellular matrix proteins, including …
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Mouse modifiers of intestinal tumorigenesis
… one candidate gene, the group IIA secretory phospholipase a2 (sPLA2-IIA). Only tumor prone Mom1 strains, such as B6, contain a mutation in sPLA2-IIA abolishing expression. In order to rigorously measure the effect of sPLA2-IIA on the Apdmin tumor phenotype, we have created and analyzed …
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Crotalus Snake Venom Preconditioning to Prevent Surgical Brain Injury
… (SVMP), an enzyme with hemorrhagic effects, and phospholipase A2 (PLA2), an enzyme upstream to cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in the inflammatory cascade. We have found that preconditioning Crotalus venom increases endogenous fibrinogen, decreases perioperative hemorrhage, attenuates COX-2 activity, …
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An investigation into the direct and indirect effects induced by platelet-activating factor receptor activation in rat isolated lung tissue.
… of inhibitors of protein kinase C (sphingosine), phospholipase A2 (AACOCF3) and lipoxygenase (MK886) which have all been implicated as mediating the actions of PAF, it was possible to determine possible mechanisms responsible for the desensitization of PAP receptors. This was done by introducing …
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Biomarcadores relevantes para diagnóstico precoce e prevenção de doenças cardiovasculares.
… dimer , lipoprotein( a), lipoprotein associated phospholipase A2 , apolipoprotein AI / apolipoprotein B , natriuretic peptides and myeloperoxidase are biomarkers nontraditional whose predictive power and clinical application are under discuss ion . CRP, homocysteine , Lp (a) Lp - PLA2 and MPO act …
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