Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 19 of 19 for “"Pharmacokinetic Models"”.
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Evaluation of bootstrapping as a validation technique for population pharmacokinetic models
… by the FDA and others that the population pharmacokinetic models (PPKM) need to be validated. This is particularly true when the model plays a key role in the construction of dosing strategies. It was the objective of the current study to evaluate the ability of bootstrapping to identify …
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IN VITRO IN VIVO METHODS AND PHARMACOKINETIC MODELS FOR SUBCUTANEOUSLY ADMINISTERED PEPTIDE DRUG PRODUCTS
… these processes on the bioavailability (BA) and pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles. Also, there is no established In vitro - In vivo correlation (IVIVC) for subcutaneously administered immediate release (IR) peptide based drugs in a biorelevant manner. The contribution of IVIVC in drug development of …
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Bayesian Pharmacokinetic Models for Inference and Optimal Sequential Decision Making with Applications in Personalized Medicine
… response is an obstacle to optimal treatment. Pharmacokinetic modelling offers one approach to studying drug response, often with covariate focused dose adjustment criteria being reported along side pharmacokinetic modelling. However, excess variation in concentrations continues to be reported …
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Cross-Simulation of the Predicted Concentrations between the Two Pharmacokinetic Models during Target Controlled Infusion of Propofol
연구 목적 : 목표농도주입 시 약동학 매개변수는 안정된 혈중 농도를 유지하기 위해 주입속도를 결정하게 된다. 본 연구는 프로포폴의 한 약동학적 모델에 의한 혈장 및 효과처 예측 농도를 서로 다른 프로포폴의 약동학적 모델의 목표농도주입 시스템 자료를 사용하여 교차 분석하였다. 연구 방법 : 60명의 여성 환자를 무작위로 두 그룹으로 분류하여, 프로포폴의 혈중 목표 농도를 6.0 μgml-1로 설정하여 마취를 유도하였다. 그룹 M 은 Marsh 약동학 모델을 사용하였으며, 그룹 S는 Schnider 약동학 모델을 이용하였다. 2가지의 …
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Population pharmacokinetic models describing drug-drug interactions and variability in HIV infected South Africans on protease inhibitor-based antiretroviral regimens with and without tuberculosis
… were designed to characterize the population pharmacokinetic parameters of lopinavir and ritonavir in HIV infected South Africans, to account for the drug-drug interactions between lopinavir, ritonavir and rifampicin, to investigate optimal dose regimens of lopinavir/ritonavir when …
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Dynamic energy budgets and bioaccumulation : a model for marine mammals and marine mammal populations
… and lactation. Dynamic energy budget (DEB) models for energy assimilation and utilization, coupled with pharmacokinetic models that calculate distribution of toxicants in individuals, can help investigate the vulnerability. In this dissertation I develop the first individual DEB model …
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Dynamic energy budgets and bioaccumulation : a model for marine mammals and marine mammal populations
… and lactation. Dynamic energy budget (DEB) models for energy assimilation and utilization, coupled with pharmacokinetic models that calculate distribution of toxicants in individuals, can help investigate the vulnerability. In this dissertation I develop the first individual DEB model …
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The analysis of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging data: treatment effects, sampling rates and repeatability
… imaging (DCE-MRI) data, primarily by means of pharmacokinetic models, in order to yield parameters which reflect the physiological properties of tumours. Historically, these analysis procedures have been complicated by varied sources of error, both systematic and random. This dissertation …
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Design of drug delivery strategies based on well-stirred experiments
… experiments that mimic one- and two-compartment pharmacokinetic models. A one-compartment model assumes that drug is evenly distributed in the body, which is represented by a beaker with an inlet and an outlet stream. In a two- compartment model, drug is distributed between the central and …
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Integrating Cell-level Kinetic Modeling into the Optimization of Cancer Therapeutics
… of the complex interplay between the drug's pharmacokinetics and its effect, is largely missing. For complex diseases such as cancer, systems biology models of therapeutically relevant cellular processes have proven valuable for identifying potent drug targets. So far, such information about …
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Population pharmacokinetics: model-free approach and nonlinear mixed-effects modelling
… of modern statistical methods to study pharmacokinetics of drugs. Specifically, it deals with applications and development of repeated measures analysis, so called 'population approach' methods, in the field of pharmacokinetics. hi the first part of the thesis, a new, model-free approach …
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Green's Functions of Discrete Fractional Calculus Boundary Value Problems and an Application of Discrete Fractional Calculus to a Pharmacokinetic Model
… difference equations, and to model problems in pharmacokinetics. We claim that the discrete fractional calculus yields the best prediction performance compared to the continuous fractional calculus in the application of a one-compartmental model of drug concentration. In Chapter 1, the Gamma …
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Development of a PBPK-based health risk assessment framework for exposure to cerium, gold, silver and titanium engineered nanoparticles
… study managed to apply a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for ceria nanoparticles to determine biokinetics of ceria nanoparticles, establish whether physiologically based pharmacokinetic models are a good risk assessment tool for ceria, gold, silver and titanium nanoparticles, …
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Population pharmacokinetic modelling to address the gaps in knowledge of commonly used HIV and TB drugs in children
… adjustment of doses. This thesis assessed the pharmacokinetics of abacavir and ethambutol and evaluated the influence of covariates such as age and concomitant medication on the PK parameters across different studies using nonlinear mixed-effects modelling. The models developed were used to …
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Population pharmacokinetic modelling for dose optimization of esomeprazole to treat early-onset preeclampsia
… exposure. This study investigated the pharmacokinetics of esomeprazole in patients with early- onset preeclampsia with the aim to optimize the dose for future clinical trials. Methods Pharmacokinetic data from ten pregnant patients with early-onset preeclampsia from the PIE trial, …
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Pharmacogenomics and pharmacokinetics of dolutegravir and tenofovir in Southern Africans living with HIV
… variability in dolutegravir and tenofovir pharmacokinetics or the interindividual differences in host response may, in part, be explained by host genetics. We characterized associations between genetic polymorphisms and dolutegravir exposure, tenofovir clearance and magnitude of weight gain …
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Modelling cardiopulmonary interactions. Towards anatomically detailed and physiologically accurate cardiorespiratory models
… accurate mathematical and computational models can provide an effective tool for the analysis of several physiopathological states and therapeutic strategies through in-silico experiments. Most existing cardiorespiratory models rely on lumped parameter (0D) descriptions not only for the …
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Challenges in the Pharmacokinetics of Therapeutic Proteins
… pattern of therapeutic macromolecules, their pharmacokinetic interpretation has many challenges. Two of these challenges were investigated in this dissertation: 1) the error of classical bioavailability assessment observed during subcutaneous (SC) administration of therapeutic macromolecules …
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Bio-artificial liver support system : an evaluation of models used in demonstrating or improving metabolic and clinical efficacy
… are a formal necessity but are inherently ‘models’ of the in vivo human clinical circumstance. That is, they are limited by their experimentally controlled configuration/s. In investigating these, this thesis firstly provides a foundation by reviewing the clinical and biological context of …