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Showing 1 to 20 of 78 for “"Peripheral Nerves"”.
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MODELING INTERFASCICULAR INTERFACES FOR PERIPHERAL NERVES
<p>Stimulation electrodes with higher levels of selectivity than currently available are required to restore limb function, especially in the upper extremity. One strategy to increase the selectivity of an electrode is to move it closer to the target axons. A balance between selectivity and …
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Regeneration of Peripheral Nerves Using Neuroinductive Biomaterial Scaffolds
… each year, resulting in a substantial number of peripheral nerve injuries that account for more than $150 billion in health care costs. Clinically, treatment consists of direct surgical repair, implantation of a nerve guidance conduit or the use of an autograft. However, less than 50% of …
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Strategies for optogenetic stimulation of deep tissue peripheral nerves
… neurophysiological pathways in the central and peripheral nervous systems. Optogenetics refers to the transduction of mammalian cells with a light-sensitive transmembrane protein, called an opsin, such that illumination of the target tissue initiates depolarization; in the case of a neuron, …
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Electrochemical Modulation of Peripheral Nerves Using Ion-Selective Electrodes
… conditions, as well as its implementation for peripheral neuro-modulation. Up to this point, limitations in available characterization methods, both theoretical and practical, have severely restricted its technical development and the exploration of in vivo applications. In this thesis, I (1) …
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Modelling Artificial Stimulation and Response in Peripheral Nerves Including Ephaptic Interactions
… to (1) extend our knowledge on the response of peripheral nerves to artificial stimulation for sensory feedback provision from neural interfaces, and (2) create a computational tool to facilitate this study. We were interested in studying how ephaptic coupling between myelinated fibers …
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Estimation of the distribution of conduction velocities in intact peripheral nerves.
Thesis. 1977. Ph.D.--Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science.
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Study of damage to peripheral nerves caused by anaesthetic needles during regional anaesthesia
… needles.<br/><br/><b>Methods and Materials</b>: Nerves resected from Thiel, soft embalmed human cadavers (Thiel nerves) and fresh cadaveric human nerves (Fresh nerves) were used in the study as specimens. Microultrasound scanning using a 30 MHz and 45 MHz transducer, gave an image resolution …
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Long term functional and morphological evaluation of peripheral nerves regenerated through degradable collagen implants
Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 1996.
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Expression von CNTFRalpha in humanem Muskel- und Nervengewebe
… of spinal motor neurons and the regeneration of peripheral nerves. In this study the expression pattern of the specific CNTF binding entity (CNTFR() in human tissue (muscle and nerve) was analyzed. By in situ hybridization the transcribed RNA could be detected in paraffin section. In muscle …
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The effects of peripheral nerve impairments on postural control and mobility among people with peripheral neuropathy
Approximately 20 million Americans are suffering Peripheral Neuropathy (PN). It is estimated that the prevalence of all-cause PN is about 2.4% in the entire adult population, whereas over 8-10% in the population segment over the age of 55 (Martyn & Hughes, 1997). Peripheral Neuropathy leads to a …
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Statin-Mediated Attenuation of Chemokine Expression in Peripheral Nerve Vascular Endothelial Cells
… autoimmune disorder that affects the peripheral nervous system. By up-regulating endothelial expression of chemokines and cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), TNF-α facilitates the recruitment and trafficking of autoreactive leukocytes across the blood-nerve barrier and into peripheral …
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Versuche zur Rekonstruktion erektiler Nerven über Silikonröhrchen in Kombination mit gezüchteten homologen Schwannschen Zellen bei der Ratte
… Microsurgical reconstruction of cavernosal nerves within silicone tubes seeded with Schwann cells in rats. Resection of the cavernosal nerves is often necessary during radical prostatectomy and causes erectile dysfunction. Autologous nerve transplantats seemed to be the treatment of choice …
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Reaction of the marine flatworm Macrostomum lignano exposed to xenobiotics
… (10 µM), fipronil and imidacloprid reduce peripheral nerve function. I demonstrated that these xenobiotics have a significant impact on the morphology of the peripheral nerves of Macrostomum. After 15 days at the same concentration, fipronil reduced more peripheral nerves than imidacloprid. …
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The role of serotonergic afferents in receptive field organization and response properties of cells in rat trigeminal subnucleus interpolaris
Damage to peripheral nerves can cause extensive functional reorganization of the adult mammalian nervous system. In fact, studies in non-human adult mammals have shown somatotopic reorganization as well as changes in receptive field properties throughout the somatosensory neuraxis following damage …
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Control of perineurial glial growth in Drosophila melanogaster
Although intercellular communication within peripheral nerves is critical to the structure and function of the nervous system, it is incompletely understood. Drosophila peripheral nerves comprise motor and sensory axons bundled by peripheral glia (Schwann cells) and wrapped by perineurial glia …
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Novel signalling pathways resolving the inflammatory response during peripheral nerve regeneration
Introduction. The peripheral nervous system has the remarkable capacity to regenerate and restore function following damage or disease. Instrumental in this regenerative process are macrophages, Schwann cells and the production of inflammatory cytokines. The production of inflammatory cytokines …
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Cell-mediated contraction & induced regeneration of the injured peripheral nerve
… considerable progress in regenerating injured peripheral nerves with biomaterials, adequate recovery is generally limited to inter-stump gap lengths of about 20-30 mm in humans. Observations of successful induced regeneration in adults coincide with reduced MFB formation, yet the direct effect …
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Cellular organisation of peripheral nerve and the neuromuscular junction
The organisation of cells in the peripheral nervous system is crucial for its proper function. Action potential generation, conduction and synaptic transmission to the muscle fibres are dependent not only on cells directly implicated in these functions (i.e. neurons and muscle fibers) but also on …
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Glucose-Induced Apoptosis of Schwann Cells In vitro
The loss of Schwann cells in the peripheral nerves is thought to be responsible for the pathologies associated with diabetic neuropathy. As diabetes causes increased extracellular glucose levels, glycosylation or non-enzymatic glycation of cell surface receptors may interfere with normal signaling …
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The characterisation of Pax3 expressant cells in adult peripheral nerve
… stem and progenitor cell population. In adult peripheral nerves, Pax3 is reported to be expressed in nonmyelinating Schwann cells, however, little is known about the purpose of this expression. Based on the evidence of its role in other adult tissue stem and progenitor cell maintenance, it was …
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