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Showing 1 to 20 of 141 for “"Peptidoglycan"”.
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Characterization of Peptidoglycan, and the Enzymes that Synthesize it, in Borrelia burgdorferi and Insights into the Peptidoglycan of Other Pathogenic Borrelia
Peptidoglycan (PG) is an essential cell-wall biopolymer in virtually all bacteria. It is composed of glycan strands of N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) and N-acetylmuramic acid (MurNAc) crosslinked by peptide chains of alternating D- and L- amino acids and diamines. PG plays an important role in 1) …
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Soluble peptidoglycan fragments released by Neisseria Gonorrhoeae suppress appetite
This document only includes an excerpt of the corresponding thesis or dissertation. To request a digital scan of the full text, please contact the Ruth Lilly Medical Library's Interlibrary Loan Department (rlmlill@iu.edu).
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Structural Analysis of Bacillus subtilis Spore Peptidoglycan During Sporulation
Bacterial spore peptidoglycan (PG) is very loosely cross-linked relative to vegetative PG. Theories suggest that loosely cross-linked spore PG may have a flexibility which contributes to the attainment of spore core dehydration. The structure of the PG found in fully dormant spores has previously …
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Molecular Basis of Peptidoglycan Recognition by a Bactericidal Gut Lectin
… targets via interactions with cell wall peptidoglycan, but lack the canonical sequences that support calcium-dependent carbohydrate binding in other C-type lectins. Given these novel functions and the lack of structural clues, nothing was known about the molecular mechanisms by which …
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Biochemical Studies of Peptidoglycan Hydrolases from Commensal and Pathogenic Bacteria
… human health. Interestingly, cell wall, or peptidoglycan, fragments from commensal and pathogenic bacteria can activate host immunity. The mechanism(s) by which immunologically active peptidoglycan fragments are generated, however, are not well-understood. In this regard, peptidoglycan …
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Solid-supported synthesis of peptidoglycan fragments and their biological evaluation
… work, a new methodology for the synthesis of peptidoglycan fragments containing (2S,6R)-A2pm is proposed. Thanks to a solid phase platform, cross metathesis was achieved between two easily manufactured chiral synthons, allylglycine anchored to a resin and vinylglycine derivatives. Due to the …
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Utility of Ion Mobility – Mass Spectrometry in Peptidoglycan Structural Determination
The peptidoglycan (PG) found within bacterial cell walls is a complex megastructure with components that are difficult to identify without significant time commitment. Potential isomers, modifications, and cross-linking patterns within whole cell digests lead to complex samples that typically …
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Effect of peptidoglycan-polysaccharide complex on reproductive efficiency and mastitis in sheep
… sheep were investigated after immunization with peptidoglycan-polysaccharide (PG-PS) and killed cells from Strep. pyogenes. Rambouillet (n = 100) and mixed breed (n = 18) ewe lambs were immunized (∼d42 and 22 before breeding) with PG-PS (30mugPG/kg/bw) or killed cells or were not immunized …
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Investigation into peptidoglycan biosynthetic enzymes from the Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi
… has unique chemical characteristics within its peptidoglycan (PG), such as the incorporation of L-Ornithine. This unusual structural feature may be implicated in immune evasion and may contribute to chronic symptoms such as Lyme arthritis and Post-Treatment Lyme Disease Syndrome (PTLDS). This …
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Elucidating the role of peptidoglycan from Borrelia burgdorferi in Lyme disease pathogenesis
… within the synovial fluid. This antigen, peptidoglycan, is recognized by the immune system in numerous ways. Multiple publications have shown that peptidoglycan is proinflammatory and can cause arthritis when injected in vivo. The same was found to be true for B. burgdorferi peptidoglycan. …
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Leveraging <i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i> peptidoglycan chemistry to understand Lyme disease symptom progression
… particular species of Borrelia. The bacterial peptidoglycan component of the cell wall has been recognized as an antigen in numerous other studies of human pathogens. Indeed, previous studies have shown that the peptidoglycan component of the cell wall alone is sufficient to induce severe LA in …
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PEPTIDOGLYCAN REMODELLING FACTORS: KEY PLAYERS IN CELL DIVISION AND HOMEOSTASIS MAINTENANCE OF ESCHERICHIA COLI
… the cell wall. Coordination between the OM and peptidoglycan (PG) growth is essential for maintaining cell envelope stability, particularly during cell division, when septal PG must be cleaved to allow daughter cell separation. This process is mediated by PG amidases, AmiA, AmiB, and AmiC, that …
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Developmental and tissue transcriptional profiles of peptidoglycan recognition proteins in the mosquito Aedes aegypti
Peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs) are immunity-related proteins that recognize peptidoglycan associated with pathogens like bacteria and can result in intercellular signaling leading to melanization, phagocytosis, or a cascade of antimicrobial peptides that can cause pathogen destruction …
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Antibodies to peptidoglycan differentiate between cell wall fragments of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria
This document only includes an excerpt of the corresponding thesis or dissertation. To request a digital scan of the full text, please contact the Ruth Lilly Medical Library's Interlibrary Loan Department (rlmlill@iu.edu).
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Remodelling of Mycobacterial Peptidoglycan During Cell Division and the Epigenetics of Macrophages during M. tuberculosis infection
… the need for novel treatment strategies. Peptidoglycan (PG) is an important immunomodulatory heteropolysaccharide structure that can be shed during mycobacterial infection with immunological consequences and as such, changes in PG structure are expected to have important implications on …
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Mass Spectrometry for Determination of Conformation and Dynamics of Proteins and Structure and Biosynthesis of Bacterial Peptidoglycan
… dynamics: in Chapters 2 to 5) and bacterial peptidoglycan: PG) structure and biosynthesis: Chapters 6 to 8). Chapter 1 serves as the introduction for both aspects. Part I of the dissertation focuses on the development of analytical methods combining fast photochemical oxidation of proteins: …
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Metabolomic Analysis of Bacterial Cell Wall Intermediates Using LC-MS/MS: Peptidoglycan Pathway Response to Different Antibiotics
The bacterial cell wall is made up of peptidoglycan (PG) and its synthesis is of interest as a target for several antibiotics and for new inhibitor development. Peptidoglycan biosynthesis is a complex process which involves a series of UDP-linked and amine-linked cytoplasmic intermediates assembled …
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Outer Membrane Vesicle Production in Escherichia coli Relieves Envelope Stress and is Modulated by Changes in Peptidoglycan
… misfolded protein but also of accumulated peptidoglycan (PG) fragments and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), elucidating OMVs as a general stress response pathway critical for bacterial well-being. The second part of this work, focused on the role of PG structure, turnover and covalent crosslinks …
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From Structure, to Function, to Pathogenesis: Understanding the Immunological Consequences of The Unique Peptidoglycan of Borrelia burgdorferi
… structural portion of the cell envelope known as peptidoglycan (PG) is sandwiched between the inner and outer membranes. Unlike virtually all bacteria, this PG layer is unique in B. burgdorferi in that the amino acid structure differs from most Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria by the …
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