Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 17 of 17 for “"Pavlovian conditioning"”.
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A move towards studying both pavlovian & instrumental contributions to conditioning abnormalities in the anxiety disorders
Fear-conditioning experiments in clinical anxiety have focused almost exclusively on passive- emotional, Pavlovian conditioning, rather than active-behavioral, instrumental conditioning. Paradigms capable of eliciting both Pavlovian and instrumental conditioning are thus needed to experimentally …
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The Role of Glutamate in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex in the Acquistion and Expression of Conditioned Approach
… expression of reward-related learning using a Pavlovian conditioning paradigm, the conditioned-approach paradigm. Rats with surgically implanted cannulas were exposed to Pavlovian conditioning sessions that occurred on three alternative days (acquisition) or seven consecutive days (expression). …
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Aprendizaje inconsciente: Condicionamiento a estímulos visuales subliminales
The role of consciousness in Pavlovian conditioning was examined in two experiments in which visually masked neutral words were used as the conditioned stimuli (CS) and an electric shock as the unconditioned stimulus (US). The inter-stimulus interval (ISI) was established individually. A detection …
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CONSUMMATORY RESPONSE STRENGTH IN THE ANALYSIS OF TASTE-AVERSION LEARNING
<p>Pavlovian conditioning has primarily employed motivationally neutral events as conditioned stimuli. Taste-aversion conditioning studies, on the other hand, use as conditioned stimuli flavored solutions with distinct motivational or response-determining properties. It is possible that many of the …
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Serotonin (5-HT) Increases Olfactory Responsiveness in the Tobacco Hawkmoth Manduca sexta
… in Manduca sexta olfactory function. Using a Pavlovian-Conditioning Paradigm, we conditioned moths to 2-hexanone and tested them using two different assays, a detection threshold assay and a generalization gradient assay. We found that 5-HT significantly increased olfactory sensitivity and …
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Symbolic and semantic fear and avoidance generalisation in humans: An examination of boundary conditions and convergence with trait measures
… utility in identifying observed levels of Pavlovian conditioning and the symbolic or semantic generalisation of fear and avoidance. A small number of previous studies had already attempted to correlate empirically observed levels of generalised threat and avoidance responding with scores on …
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Assessing Motivational and Associative Learning Mechanisms Underlying Compulsive Drinking
… crossed High Alcohol Preferring mice experienced Pavlovian conditioning procedures with an alcohol unconditioned stimulus. We hypothesized that after repeated pairings, alcohol cues would elicit seeking conditioned responses. Then, to determine if the motivation provided by these cues influenced …
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Pre-Stimulus Anticipation and Unconscious Fear Learning Disparities in Individuals with Varying Levels of Anxiety
<p>The current study employed a Pavlovian conditioning paradigm to investigate the influence of pre-stimulus unconscious threat anticipation on subsequent fear responses in associative learning. Additionally, we explored the differences in pre-stimulus anticipation among individuals with varying …
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Learning in dynamic temporal domains using contextual prediction entropy as a guiding principle.
… of certain sequences of actions, etc. Classical (Pavlovian) conditioning clearly demonstrates this basic capability, however the neural mechanisms which mediate it are not currently understood. Further, contemporary methods in machine learning and neural modeling either reduce the problem to a …
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The role of species typical cues in sexual conditioning : analysis of potential adaptive specializations in learning
The Pavlovian conditioning of sexual behavior involves the association of a conditioned stimulus (CS) with a live female (the unconditioned stimulus or US). Studies using male domesticated quail have shown that adding taxidermic female head and neck cues to a CS results in facilitated conditioned …
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Afferents integration and neural adaptive control of breathing
… Such nonlinear interaction evidences classical (Pavlovian) conditioning of chemoreceptor inputs that modulate the respiratory rhythm and motor output. These findings demonstrate a powerful gain modulation function for control of breathing by the lower brain. The computational and experimental …
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Determinants of the Acquisition and Display of Behaviors Associated with “Guilt” (Appeasement Behaviors) by Companion Dogs
… potential determinants of ABs by testing whether Pavlovian conditioning would be sufficient to produce ABs. Four experiments (two pilot experiments and two experiments), were divided into three phases: In Phase 1, the dogs were in a room with one of two neutral objects; in Phase 2, sounds that …
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Roles of orbitofrontal and insular cortices in processing reward variables
… under risk condition. Rats were trained in a Pavlovian conditioning task in which five different auditory cues (1 s) were associated with five different reward probabilities (0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%). Since reward probabilities were symmetric, riskiness is divided into three levels, with …
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An Exploration of Target Event Encoding in a Predictive Learning Task with Humans: Integrated or Separable Processing?
<p>A major theme in the study of Pavlovian learning explores how attributes of a predicted event are represented and encoded. In Pavlovian conditioning, the conditioned stimulus (CS) is frequently assumed to associate with one or more of the various attributes of a motivationally significant …
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The clinical, computational, and neuropharmacological determinants of learning under uncertainty
… estimation are then examined by using Pavlovian conditioning tasks of both neutral and aversive valence, to test whether reported misestimation of uncertainty in individuals with anxiety and/or autism exist across learning domains or are specific to a particular valence. Estimates of …
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Neuropsychology of reinforcement processes in the rat
… striatum in the control of rats’ behaviour by Pavlovian conditioned stimuli, and in their capacity to choose delayed reinforcement. First, the function of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in simple Pavlovian conditioning tasks was addressed. The ACC is a subdivision of prefrontal cortex that …
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Dysfunktionale Lernvorgänge bei Patienten mit Alkoholabhängigkeit
Dysfunktionale Lernvorgänge (wie z.B. Pawlowsche Konditionierung) können bei Patienten mit Alkoholabhängigkeit das Rückfallrisiko erhöhen, was innerhalb der vorliegenden Arbeit mittels drei Studien untersucht wurde.