Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 21 for “"PTPs"”.
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Characterization of a piezoelectric transformer plasma source
The piezoelectric transformer plasma source (PTPS) is a compact RF driven plasma source developed for near-space and microspacecraft propulsion. The PTPS uses the mass transfer of emitted charged particles from the plasma to produce thrust. The PTPS utilizes the piezoelectric transformer effect to …
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Functional Characterization of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases in Tumorigenesis through Substrate Identification
… is regulated by two families of enzymes PTKs and PTPs. Despite the fact that many PTPs were found mutated in different cancers, the cellular functions of many PTPs are still largely unknown. This work focuses on the elucidation of cellular functions of two PTPs: PTPRT and PTPN14, both of which are …
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Specificity of SH2 domains and protein tyrosine phosphatases
… SH2 domains and protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) play essential roles in transmitting these signals. SH2 domains are small domains of V100 amino acids that bind to phospho-tyrosine (pY) in the context of adjacent amino acids. and PTPs counteract the activity of PTKs by removing phosphates …
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Protein Tyrosine Phosphorylation in Haematopoietic Cancers and the Functional Significance of Phospho- Lyn SH2 Domain
… kinases (TKs) and protein-tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) have been observed in multiple myeloma (MM) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and is a subject of study. Using recently developed mass spectrometry-based proteomics techniques, quantitative PTP expression and cellular pY profiles were generated …
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Investigations into the chemistry of protein tyrosine phosphatase redox regulation
… groups and protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) are cysteine based enzymes that catalyze their removal. Abstraction of these phosphoryl groups, in many cases, serves as an "off switch" to terminate the cellular responses to the extracellular stimulus. PTPs, therefore, play a central role in …
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Small Phosphomonoesters as Probes of Protein-Tyrosine Phosphatase Active Sites
… phosphatases: the protein-tyrosine phosphatases [PTPs] and the dual-specificity protein phosphatases [DSPs]. Three PTPs, PTP-1B, Tc-PTPa, and PTP-H1, and three DSPs, Cdc-14, VHR, and IphP, were challenged in vitro with alpha-naphthyl phosphate and beta-naphthyl phosphate. Both the DSPs and PTPs …
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Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Receptor Type S (PTPRS) Regulates Hematopoietic Stem Cell Self-Renewal
… with receptor protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) to maintain cellular equilibrium. The functions of PTPs in counterbalancing PTK signaling in HSCs however remain incompletely understood. Our laboratory has demonstrated that a heparin binding growth factor, Pleiotrophin (PTN), promotes the …
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CD148: a positive regulator of GPVI and \(\alpha\)II\(\beta\)3 proximal signalling in platelets
… whereas protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) have been under-investigated. To date, six non-transmembrane PTPs (NTPTPs), PTP-1B, Shp1, Shp2, MEG2-PTP, LMW-PTP and HePTP and a single receptor-like PTP (RPTP), CD148, have been identified in platelets. The main objective of this thesis was …
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Structure and function of the R2B adhesive receptor tyrosine phosphatases
Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) are key regulators of cellular signalling through the control of cellular phosphotyrosine levels. The R2B family of receptor-like PTPs – PTPRK, PTPRU, PTPRM and PTPRT - are well placed on the plasma membrane at sites of cell-cell contact to influence cell …
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The Development of Photo-crosslinkable Trapping Mutants as Tools to Investigate the Interactions of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases
… substrate-trapping mutants of PTPs are employed. Mutants which<br/>can function as substrate traps have the ability to recognise and bind<br/>substrates, yet they lack functionality of the key catalytic residues and cannot<br/>efficiently process the hydrolysis of the substrate. …
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Dual-specific protein phosphatases in the <i>Archaea</i>
Three distinct families of PTPs, the conventional (cPTPs), low molecular weight (LMW PTPs), and Cdc25 PTPs, have converged upon a common catalytic mechanism and active site sequence, mainly, the phosphate-binding loop encompassing the PTP signature motif (H/V)<b>C</b>(X)₅<b>R</b>(S/T) and an …
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CD40 stimulation activates ‘post-activated’ B Cells which are hyporesponsive to B Cell receptor and toll-like receptor 9 stimulation in autoimmunity
… was completed by expression data of selected PTPs and PSPs upon CD40/IL-4 co-stimulation. As a commonality, phosphorylation of the PTKs Syk(Y352) and Btk(Y223) was reduced in peripheral CD27+ memory B cells from SLE, RA and pSS patients in comparison to healthy donor (HD) controls. Notably, …
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Identification of a Low Molecular Weight Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase and Its Potential Physiological Substrates in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803
… molecular weight protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs). To determine the gross functional properties of this hypothetical protein, open reading frame slr0328 was cloned, and its predicted protein product was expressed in E. coli. The recombinant protein, SynPTP, was purified by metal ion column …
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Investigating the role of PTPRK in homeostasis and disease
… remodelling. Plasma membrane-localised receptor PTPs (RPTP) are well positioned to sense external environmental cues, such as cell-cell contact, and transmit signals via their intracellular domains. Using unbiased approaches we find RPTP, PTPRK binds and dephosphorylates key junctional regulators …
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Conserved Conformational Dynamics Control PTP1B Enzymatic Activity
… 1B (PTP1B), one of the most well-studied PTPs, as a model system. First, to establish a comprehensive understanding of PTP1B dynamics, we performed a full 13C methyl relaxation study of Ile, Leu and Val (ILV) residues of PTP1B. In combination with earlier published 15N experiments, these …
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Studies on signaling pathways induced by FLT3, an important oncogene in AML
… sites in FLT3 receptor, to find out PTPs which can affect the signaling activity of FLT3, to investigate a novel class of tyrosine kinase inhibitors, 3, 4-diarylmaleimides for their ability to inhibit FLT3 and to determine the role of MEK5/ERK5 signaling in FLT3-ITD mediated …
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Functional studies on receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatases of the R3 subgroup
The receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatases (RPTPs) of the R3subgroup play key roles in the immune, vascular and nervous system. They are characterised by an extracellular domain (ECD), comprised of multiple FNIII-like repeats, a transmembrane domain and a single intracellular phosphatase …
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Leveraging Local Perturbations to Map Allosteric Networks of Phosphatases
… dynamic human Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases (PTPs) exemplify the challenges and opportunities associated with allostery. The archetypal PTP, PTP1B, has been highly validated as a therapeutic target but no allosteric inhibitors have been approved for clinical use. This is largely because our …
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The role of PTPRF and PTPRK in regulating cell adhesion
Receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatases (RPTPs) are critical regulators of cell signalling and communication, controlling cellular phospho-tyrosine (pTyr) levels and playing essential roles in tissue morphogenesis. Plasma membrane RPTPs are well positioned to sense external environmental cues, …
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Signalling mechanisms of the tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 upstream of Ras
… for specific redox-regulated interactions with PTPs, at least in vitro. To better understand SHP2 signalling, I focused on identifying substrates and potential redox-switchable interactions. Using a combination of protein pull downs, western blots, and mass spectrometry (MS). DLG5, a scaffolding …
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