Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 32 for “"PK/PD"”.
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Diethylstilbestrol Nanosuspensions for Prostate Cancer: Subcutaneous Sustained Release Formulations and Pre-clinical PK/PD Evaluations
Prostate cancer is the most common type of cancer and the second leading cause of cancer related deaths in men in the United States. According to the National Cancer Institute (NCI), 238,590 new cases with deaths of 29,720 from prostate cancer have been estimated for 2013. Diethylstilbestrol (DES) …
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A Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) Guided Approach to Lead Optimization of Nitrofuranylamide Anti-Tuberculosis Agents
… iterative pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) guided approach would facilitate the optimization of nitrofuranylamide lead compounds suitable for further development. </p> <p> First, we examined the biopharmaceutic properties and preclinical PK of nitrofuranylamide lead compounds. The …
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Prediction of In-Vivo Antimuscarinic Activity (AMA) by In-Vitro Receptor Binding Assessment and PK/PD Modeling For Prototypical Drugs
Purpose: To establish a tool, termed as antimuscarinic activity (AMA), to predict the incidence of antimuscarinic adverse events (AMAEs).Methods: A literature review, focused on drugs having off-target interaction with muscarinic receptors, was performed. Prototypical drugs olanzapine, …
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IN-VITRO PK/PD PROFILING AND MODELING OF THE ANTI-SICKLING AGENTS, 5-HYDROXYMETHYL FURFURAL (5-HMF) AND NOVEL SYNTHETIC ALLOSTERIC EFFECTORS OF HEMOGLOBIN (AEH) IN HUMAN WHOLE BLOOD
… and concentration-dependent pharmacodynamic (PD) profiling of AEH (0.5 – 5 mM) was carried out in normal whole blood. 5-HMF binding to (normal) HbA and (sickle) HbS was studied in systematic time- and concentration-dependency studies using isolated Hb solutions. Quantitative PK/PD models were …
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Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies of mycophenolic acid in renal transplant recipients
… and pharmacodynamic profiles, to establish the PK-PD relationship of MPA and to quantify average population pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters and evaluate the influence covariates on the PK-PD variability.Stable renal transplant patients who were on mycophenolate …
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Model-Based Dose-Exposure-Response Assessment for Lead and Backup Spectinamide in a Mouse Model of Tuberculosis
… used for pharmacokinetic/-pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) indices and mechanism-based PK/PD modeling.</p> <p>The obtained data on spectinamides’ plasma concentrations and counts of colony-forming units were analyzed using a PK/PD approach as well as classical anti-infective PK/PD indices. The …
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Design and Analysis of Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Trials
Pharmacokinetic (PK) and Pharmacodynamic (PD) experiments play an important role in drug development. Statistical design determines the treatment allocation and time points for taking PK/PD measurements. A good design will reduce the cost and suffering of humans/animals used in the experiment and …
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PRECLINICAL PHARMACOKINETIC AND PHARMACODYNAMIC EVALUATION OF NEW ANTICANCER AGENTS FOR BRAIN TUMOR CHEMOTHERAPY
… Detailed investigation of the pharmacokinetics (PKs) and pharmacodynamics (PDs) of novel agents in the preclinical stage plays a pivotal role in drug development that could be applied to guide clinical trials. The main goal of the project was to undertake comprehensive PK and PD evaluation of new …
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Bayesian Semi-Mechanistic Dose-Finding Designs For Phase I Oncology Trials
… trials. Since pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) information reflects partially drug exposure and drug-receptor interactions, incorporating this information in phase I trial design may improve the efficiency of the MTD identification. Moreover, the European Medicines Agency also recommends …
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Optimization of Lead Spectinamide Compounds as Novel Anti-tuberculosis Agents with a Pharmacometric Approach
… We hypothesized that through pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) model-based dosing optimization studies, we could strategically guide the selection and refinement of more potent and effective anti-TB spectinamides. Biopharmaceutical in vitro screening demonstrated that spectinamides …
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Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Studies of a Novel Spectinamide Series of Antituberculosis Agents
… iterative pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) guided approach would facilitate the optimization of these lead compounds suitable for further development.</p> <p>A series of <em>in vitro </em>experiments including parallel artificial membrane permeability assay (PAMPA), microsomal …
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Bridging the gap : using extrapolation to reduce the experimental burden in children
… to have similar pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) relationships. In Chapter 6, an approach is developed to use data from existing studies of adults and adolescents, along with expert opinion, to quantify prior uncertainty regarding the similarity of PK-PD relationships in adults and younger …
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A pharmacodynamic model of the response of Staphylococcus aureus in an in vitro system simulating the pharmacokinetics of penicillin G in the interstitial fluid of sheep
… investigate the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) interaction of penicillin G and Staphylococcus aureus in an in vitro kinetic system based on the pharmacokinetics of penicillin G in the interstitial fluid (ISF) dialysate in sheep.
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Estimating antimalarial drug activity in vivo: an interdisciplinary approach combing novel experimental data with mathematical modelling
… parasite clearance data are used to parameterise PK/PD models that relate the drug's concentration with its killing activity in vivo. These models are used to predict and optimise dosing strategies for later clinical trials. However, it has recently been demonstrated that parasite clearance does …
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Pharmacokinectic and pharmacodynamic aspects of cocaine and its interaction with ethanol
… compared using pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) models. Lastly, PK-PD models after cocaine and a combination of cocaine and ethanol dose were developed. Cocaine was administered by iv with or without ethanol in rats. CE was formed only in the group of rats given cocaine in the presence of …
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PKPD-Model Based Preclinical Characterization of the Activity of Spectinamide 1599 Against Mycobacterial Subpopulations. and the Identification of Potential Partners for Combination Therapy
… model (HFIM) as a dynamic pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) model system to evaluate the activity of spectinamide 1599 against log and acid phase bacteria. Our results show that spectinamide 1599 exhibits a potent dose-dependent bactericidal effect against log phase bacteria, …
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Developing Targeted Therapies for T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
… predicted by pharmacokinetic & pharmacodynamic (PK & PD) modeling; and 5) an LCK degradation approach can achieve better therapeutic efficacy than dasatinib in T-ALL. <strong>Methods</strong> We applied a network-based Bayesian Inference of Drivers (NetBID) algorithm using RNA-seq data to infer …
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Model-Informed Drug Development of Riluzole for Neuroprotection in Acute Spinal Cord Injury: Integrating Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Clinical Outcomes for Precision Medicine
… This research represents the pharmacokinetic (PK) sub-study of RISCIS and investigates the therapeutic potential of riluzole to improve neurological outcomes using an integrated, model-informed framework that incorporates pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics (PD), and clinical outcomes (CO). By …
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Performance-Based Quality Specifications: The Link between Product Development and Clinical Outcomes
… functions supported by clinical pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) data. Largely, the importance of variance and covariance in product and patient attributes is poorly understood. The existence of PK/PD diversity among myriad patient sub-populations further complicates efforts to gauge …
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Multivariable Modeling and Control of the Response to Anesthesia
… improved simulation responses over traditional PK-PD models, in comparisons made with respect to single-output effects. Further, individual models may provide reasonable central models in the sense that simulated output responses obtained by applying the input data set for one volunteer to the …
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