Global ETD Search
Search theses and dissertations gathered from participating repositories worldwide. Every result links back to the library that holds it. No account is needed.
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Showing 1 to 14 of 14 for “"Nucleotidyltransferases"”.
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Identification of proteins interacting with lupin and Arabidopsis tRNA nucleotidyltransferases
… that the amino-terminal extensions of the tRNA nucleotidyltransferases are required for interaction with all four of these clones.
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Roles of Cyclic GMP-AMP Synthase in Immune Defense Against Retroviruses and Autoimmunity
The presence of DNA in the cytosol is known to trigger robust innate immunity. Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) is the sensor of cytosolic DNA and activation of cGAS initiates cytokine production. Here we show cGAS plays essential roles in immune defense against retroviruses as well as in autoimmune …
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Structure and Mechanism of a Eukaryotic FMN Adenylyltransferase
Flavin mononucleotide adenylyltransferase (FMNAT) catalyzes the formation of the essential flavocoenzyme FAD and plays an important role in flavocoenzyme homeostasis regulation. By sequence comparison, bacterial and eukaryotic FMNAT enzymes belong to two different protein superfamilies and …
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The Mechanism and Function of Autophagy Induction by Cytosolic DNA
The file named "GUI-DISSERTATION-2018.pdf" is the primary dissertation file. The file named "Archive.zip" is a zipped file folder that contains six (6) movie files (AVI format).
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Liquid-Liquid Phase Separations in Innate Immune DNA Sensing and NF-κB Signaling Pathways
The binding of DNA to cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) leads to the production of the secondary messenger cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP), which activates innate immune responses. We have shown that DNA binding to cGAS robustly induced the formation of liquidlike droplets in which cGAS was activated. The …
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Structural and Kinetic Characterization of Protein Ampylation by VopS Fic Domain
The bacterial pathogen Vibrio parahaemolyticus manipulates host signaling pathways by injecting type III effectors into the cytoplasm of the target cell. One of these effectors, VopS, blocks actin assembly by AMPylating a conserved threonine residue in the switch 1 region of Rho GTPases. The …
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Regulation of the cGAS-STING Pathway: Non-Agonist Activation and Cellular Trafficking
The cGAS-STING pathway in the innate immune system plays an important role in infection and cancer. Exogenous or endogenous DNA and cyclic dinucleotides acutely activate cGAS-STING, leading to type I interferon (IFN) signaling. STING-mediated IFN signaling is dynamically regulated by STING …
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Regulatory Mechanisms in Innate Immunity
Innate immunity is the frontline for the host to defend against infections. This process entails the cooperation among pathogen recognition receptors, adaptor proteins, kinases, and transcription factors that elicit the production of effector cytokines. As an important transcription factor, IRF5 …
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Genetic Analysis of Fic-Mediated BiP AMPylation in Photoreceptors
In response to environmental, developmental, and pathological stressors, cells engage homeostatic pathways to maintain their function. The Unfolded Protein Response protects cells from the accumulation of misfolded proteins in the ER. Depending on ER stress levels, the ER-resident Fic protein …
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Uncovering Reversible AMPylation of BiP Mediated by dFic During ER Homeostasis
AMPylation is a posttranslational modification involving a covalent attachment of an AMP moiety from ATP to hydroxyl side chains of target substrates. Fic domain which mediates AMPylation is highly conserved across species, including higher eukaryotes, implicating an essential role of this …
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Innate Immune Sensing and Signaling of Cytosolic DNA
In eukaryotic cells, DNA is normally confined within the nucleus and mitochondria. DNA exposed in the cytosol is a danger signal that warns the host of invading microbial pathogens and triggers innate immune responses including the production of type-I interferons (IFNs). Endogenous DNA that is …
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Uncovering Reversible AMPylation of BiP Mediated by dFic During ER Homeostasis
AMPylation is a posttranslational modification involving a covalent attachment of an AMP moiety from ATP to hydroxyl side chains of target substrates. Fic domain which mediates AMPylation is highly conserved across species, including higher eukaryotes, implicating an essential role of this …
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Fic-Mediated AMPylation in Bacterial Infection and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress
The post-translational modification AMPylation is emerging as a significant regulatory mechanism in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic biology. This process involves the covalent addition of an adenosine monophosphate to a protein resulting in a modified protein with altered activity. Proteins capable …
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Regulation of the cGAS-STING Pathway in Health and Disease
Pages v-xiii are misnumbered as pages vi-xiv.