Global ETD Search
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Showing 1 to 20 of 53 for “"Norovirus"”.
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Norovirus Translation and Replication
Human norovirus (HuNoV) is the leading cause of gastroenteritis worldwide. Despite the significant disease and economic burden, currently there are no licensed vaccines or antivirals. The understanding of norovirus biology has been hampered by the inability to cultivate HuNoV in cell culture. To …
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Untersuchungen zur Replikationsstrategie des humanpathogenen Norovirus
Der Replikation des NV-Genoms geht die kotranslationale Spaltung des vom ORF1 kodierten Polyproteins durch die viruseigene Protease, voraus. Erst in cis und in trans Prozessierungen an definierten Spaltmotiven innerhalb des Polyproteins ermöglichten die Freisetzung der strukturellen und …
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Norovirus in Recreational Waters in Arizona
Noroviruses are the leading cause of gastroenteritis in the United States, causing an estimated 23 million illnesses, 50,000 hospitalizations and 300 deaths per year. This virus is transmitted via the fecal-oral route and infections can occur from drinking contaminated water or eating contaminated …
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Identification of Viral Determinants of Murine Norovirus Pathogenesis
Human noroviruses are responsible for the majority of cases of epidemic non-bacterial gastroenteritis. Despite their importance as human pathogens, knowledge of the viral life cycle and host pathogenesis is limited due to the lack of practical models to study. In contrast, murine norovirus: MNV) …
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Factors That Influence Murine Norovirus Stability and Tropism
… I investigated factors that influence murine norovirus stability and tropism through two independent projects. Murine norovirus (MNV) is a model system used to study human noroviruses due to its robust replication in cell culture and mouse model. I first investigated the interactions between …
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Characterisation of the Mechanism of Norovirus VPg-Nucleotidylylation
Noroviruses, which belong to the *Caliciviridae* family, have a substantial yearly impact on the global economy of about $60 billion and cause about 200,000 deaths per annum in children under the age of 5. Despite causing most cases of viral gastroenteritis, noroviruses remain poorly characterised …
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Vesicular Stomatitis Virus as a Vector to Deliver Virus-Like Particles of Human Norovirus: A New Live Vectored Vaccine for Human Norovirus
<p>Human norovirus (NoV) is the leading cause of acute non-bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide. Despite the significant health, emotional, and economic burden caused by human NoV, there are no vaccines or therapeutic interventions for this virus. This is due in major part to the lack of a cell …
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UV light inactivation of adenovirus, coxsackievirus and murine norovirus
The overall objective of this research project is to evaluate the efficiency of low-pressure (LP) and medium-pressure (MP) UV light irradiation to inactivate waterborne pathogens that are an increasing concern in drinking water. The inactivation of pathogens depends directly on the total UV dose or …
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A study of norovirus: molecular epidemiology, pathogenesis and antiviral development
Norovirus (NoV) is one of the most common human pathogens that causes acute gastroenteritis globally. NoVs which belong to a single genotype (of more than 36) namely the Genogroup II, genotype 4 (GII.4), are of particularly importance because they are responsible for ~70% of all NoV infections …
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Identification of host cellular factors that regulate human norovirus replication
The human norovirus (HuNoV) is one of the most predominant causes of gastroenteritis, yet no suitable therapeutics are available for its control. Currently, our knowledge of the precise cellular processes that control its replication is limited. In this study, we used the virus replicon system in …
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Pathogenesis, immunity, and prevention of human norovirus infection in gnotobiotic pigs
Human noroviruses (HuNoVs) are the leading cause of viral epidemic acute gastroenteritis and responsible for the deaths of over 200,000 children each year worldwide. HuNoV research has been hampered by the long absence of a readily reproducible cell culture system and a suitable small animal model, …
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Profiling the Acquisition and Diversity of Antibodies to Human Norovirus in Infants
Human norovirus (HNV) is considered the most common cause of viral gastroenteritis worldwide, yet there is a deficit in our understanding of protective immunity against HNV. Such information is critical to vaccines currently being developed, as they are likely to have the highest impact in …
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Risky Business: Millennials’ Protection Motivation Factors for Norovirus Outbreaks on College Campuses
<p>The risk and severity of hNoV transmission is obscurely recognized to foodservice millennial customers. Most commonly associated with cruise ships, consumers are not aware of its full potential to strike at other locations, especially college campuses. For the foodservice industry and the …
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Human Norovirus in Artificial and Environmental Marine Water: Development of Antibody Based Rapid Methods
Norovirus (NoV) is the principal cause of viral gastroenteritis in the United States. It has been linked to filter-feeding molluscan shellfish, that bioaccumulate the virus from contaminated surrounding waters. The consumption of raw or undercooked contaminated oysters may result in acute …
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Inactivation mechanisms of human norovirus surrogate Tulane virus by peracetic acid at different pHs
… on Tulane virus (TV), a surrogate for human norovirus, at pH 7.8, 5.4 and 4.5. No significant difference was observed between the inactivation kinetics under different concentrations and pHs. A 2.5-log10 reduction in TV infectivity was achieved after 10 min exposure at 10 mg/L PAA or 5 mg/L …
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Decontamination of food and food-processing surfaces from norovirus by cold atmospheric-pressure gaseous plasma
Human Norovirus (HuNoV) is a leading cause of acute foodborne gastroenteritis outbreaks and sporadic cases. The estimated burden of HuNoV on public health is 685 million and 20 million illnesses each year in the world and the US, respectively. This results in approximately $4.3 billion and $60.3 …
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Modulators of Innate Gut Immunity to Enteric Viral Infections: Murine Norovirus (MNV) as a Model
… of age. In this thesis, using the Murine Norovirus (MNV) oral infection model, I aimed to characterize intestinal mucosal antiviral-responses with specific focus on the role of IELs, the impact of aging and the influence of certain micronutrients whose effects are mediated through the Aryl …
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Development of a novel carbohydrate-based method for the detection of norovirus from ready-to-eat foods
Norovirus is an enteric pathogen transmitted via the fecal-oral route. It is a leading cause of outbreaks and sporadic cases of gastroenteritis worldwide. Outbreaks of norovirus are often linked to contaminated food or water. Ready-to-eat foods are particularly prone to contamination, since they …
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Investigating the Effects of Glycochenodeoxycholic Acid on Mutant Murine Norovirus P-Domain Structure and Antibody Interactions
… is most frequently caused by exposure to norovirus (NoV) through fecal–oral transfer resulting in severe vomiting and diarrhea lasting between 24 to 48 hours, yet for certain individuals, these infections can be fatal. With epidemic strains continuously emerging, it is imperative to …
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